COMP: Modernize Sphinx doc toolchain (pip breathe/doxylink + vendor breathelink) #950

Job	Run time
build-test-documentation (ubuntu-24.04)	50m 56s
build-test-python-superbuild (ubuntu-24.04)	28m 45s
build-test-notebooks (macos-14)	2m 22s
build-test-notebooks (windows-2022)	3m 37s
build-test-python-superbuild (windows-2022)	26m 22s
build-test-cxx (ubuntu-24.04)	19m 30s
build-test-notebooks (ubuntu-24.04)	2m 12s
build-test-python-superbuild (macos-15)	23m 10s
build-test-cxx (macos-14)	12m 49s
build-test-cxx (windows-2022)	26m 18s
	3h 16m 1s

Provide feedback