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	<title> *** MUSIC ***</title>
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<center><h1  style ="font-family:arial;color:red">History of Music</h1></center></br>
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 <center><h2 style ="font-family:arial;color:blue">
 **Indian classical music**</h2></center><p>
Indian music is one of the oldest musical traditions in the world.[15] The Indus Valley civilization left sculptures which show dance[16] and musical instruments (some no longer in use), like the seven holed flute. Various types of stringed instruments and drums have been recovered from Harrappa and Mohenjo Daro by excavations carried out by Sir Mortimer Wheeler.[17] The Rigveda has elements of present Indian music, with a musical notation to denote the metre and the mode of chanting.[18] Early Indian musical tradition also speaks of three accents and vocal music known as "Samagan" (Sama meaning melody and Gan meaning to sing).[19] The classical music of India includes two major traditions: the southern Carnatic music and the northern Hindustani classical music. India's classical music tradition is millennia long and remains important to the lives of Indians today as a source of religious inspiration, cultural expression, and entertainment.

Indian classical music (marga) is monophonic, and based on a single melody line or raga rhythmically organized through talas. Carnatic music is largely devotional; the majority of the songs are addressed to the Hindu deities. There are a lot of songs emphasising love and other social issues. In contrast to Carnatic music, Hindustani music was not only influenced by ancient Hindu musical traditions, Vedic philosophy and native Indian sounds but also by the Persian performance practices of the Afghan Mughals. The origins of Indian classical music can be found from the oldest of scriptures, part of the Hindu tradition, the Vedas. Samaveda, one of the four vedas describes music at length</p>
<p> Indian classical music is a genre of South Asian music.[1] It has two major traditions. The North Indian classical music tradition is called Hindustani, while the South Indian expression is called Carnatic.[2] These traditions were not distinct till about the 16th century. There on, during the turmoils of Islamic rule period of the Indian subcontinent, the traditions separated and evolved into distinct forms.[2] However, the two systems continue to have more common features than differences.[3]

The roots of the classical music of India are found in the Vedic literature of Hinduism and the ancient Natyashastra, the classic Sanskrit text on performance arts by Bharata Muni.[4][5] The 13th century Sanskrit text Sangita-Ratnakara of Sharngadeva is regarded as the definitive text by both the Hindustani music and the Carnatic music traditions.[6][7]

The Indian classical music has two foundational elements, raga and tala. The raga forms the fabric of a melodic structure, the tala measures the time cycle.[8] The raga gives an artist the ingredients palette to build the melody from sounds, while the tala provides her with a creative framework for rhythmic improvisation using time.[9][10][11] Dhrupads are among the oldest classical Indian music compositions, with heroic, laudatory and spiritual themes. They are the basis for many subgenre of Indian music.[12]</p>
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<center><h2><a href="4.html">READ MORE......</a></h2></center>
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