diff --git a/src/adapter/src/catalog/transact.rs b/src/adapter/src/catalog/transact.rs
index 73f5debb7b18b..624b1ff6c10be 100644
--- a/src/adapter/src/catalog/transact.rs
+++ b/src/adapter/src/catalog/transact.rs
@@ -766,7 +766,46 @@ impl Catalog {
                 };
                 table.collections.insert(version, new_global_id);
 
-                tx.update_item(id, new_entry.into())?;
+                for use_id in new_entry.referenced_by() {
+                    let mut entry = state.get_entry(use_id).clone();
+                    entry.item = entry.item.replace_item_refs(id, new_global_id);
+                    tx.update_item(*use_id, entry.into())?;
+                }
+
+                let old_comment_id = CommentObjectId::Table(id);
+                let new_comment_id = CommentObjectId::Table(new_global_id);
+                if let Some(comments) = state.comments.get_object_comments(old_comment_id) {
+                    tx.drop_comments(&[old_comment_id].into())?;
+                    for (sub, comment) in comments {
+                        tx.update_comment(new_comment_id, *sub, Some(comment.clone()))?;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                let mz_catalog::durable::Item {
+                    id,
+                    oid,
+                    global_id,
+                    schema_id,
+                    name,
+                    create_sql,
+                    owner_id,
+                    privileges,
+                    extra_versions,
+                } = new_entry.into();
+
+                tx.remove_item(id)?;
+                tx.insert_item(
+                    new_global_id,
+                    oid,
+                    global_id,
+                    schema_id,
+                    &name,
+                    create_sql,
+                    owner_id,
+                    privileges,
+                    extra_versions,
+                )?;
+
                 storage_collections_to_register.insert(new_global_id, shard_id);
             }
             Op::CreateDatabase { name, owner_id } => {
diff --git a/src/adapter/src/coord.rs b/src/adapter/src/coord.rs
index 200bc1f061d60..cc2dfc01b9c94 100644
--- a/src/adapter/src/coord.rs
+++ b/src/adapter/src/coord.rs
@@ -2362,7 +2362,8 @@ impl Coordinator {
                                 CatalogItemId::System(id) => *id >= next_system_item_id,
                                 CatalogItemId::User(id) => *id >= next_user_item_id,
                                 CatalogItemId::IntrospectionSourceIndex(_)
-                                | CatalogItemId::Transient(_) => false,
+                                | CatalogItemId::Transient(_)
+                                | CatalogItemId::Explain => false,
                             };
                             if id_too_large {
                                 info!(
diff --git a/src/adapter/src/coord/sequencer/inner.rs b/src/adapter/src/coord/sequencer/inner.rs
index ff844043eb442..d8be9e7d68ca7 100644
--- a/src/adapter/src/coord/sequencer/inner.rs
+++ b/src/adapter/src/coord/sequencer/inner.rs
@@ -5143,7 +5143,7 @@ impl Coordinator {
 
         self.catalog_transact_with_side_effects(Some(ctx), ops, move |coord, _ctx| {
             Box::pin(async move {
-                let entry = coord.catalog().get_entry(&relation_id);
+                let entry = coord.catalog().get_entry(&new_global_id);
                 let CatalogItem::Table(table) = &entry.item else {
                     panic!("programming error, expected table found {:?}", entry.item);
                 };
diff --git a/src/catalog-protos/protos/hashes.json b/src/catalog-protos/protos/hashes.json
index fdd291dd6dd59..8e7c3320ae783 100644
--- a/src/catalog-protos/protos/hashes.json
+++ b/src/catalog-protos/protos/hashes.json
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 [
   {
     "name": "objects.proto",
-    "md5": "3e9f4c62f87441ac7897d96462f3c0c9"
+    "md5": "d10b5b1e3f1b2fd6e717d77b1bf5b7d8"
   },
   {
     "name": "objects_v67.proto",
diff --git a/src/catalog-protos/protos/objects.proto b/src/catalog-protos/protos/objects.proto
index f68bafb7c8817..6005b0560f230 100644
--- a/src/catalog-protos/protos/objects.proto
+++ b/src/catalog-protos/protos/objects.proto
@@ -317,6 +317,7 @@ message CatalogItemId {
     uint64 user = 2;
     uint64 transient = 3;
     uint64 introspection_source_index = 4;
+    Empty explain = 5;
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/src/catalog-protos/src/serialization.rs b/src/catalog-protos/src/serialization.rs
index 8f97be4c42f4b..f1ba601e93aec 100644
--- a/src/catalog-protos/src/serialization.rs
+++ b/src/catalog-protos/src/serialization.rs
@@ -590,6 +590,9 @@ impl RustType<crate::objects::CatalogItemId> for CatalogItemId {
                 CatalogItemId::Transient(x) => {
                     crate::objects::catalog_item_id::Value::Transient(*x)
                 }
+                CatalogItemId::Explain => {
+                    crate::objects::catalog_item_id::Value::Explain(crate::objects::Empty {})
+                }
             }),
         }
     }
@@ -604,6 +607,7 @@ impl RustType<crate::objects::CatalogItemId> for CatalogItemId {
             Some(crate::objects::catalog_item_id::Value::Transient(x)) => {
                 Ok(CatalogItemId::Transient(x))
             }
+            Some(crate::objects::catalog_item_id::Value::Explain(_)) => Ok(CatalogItemId::Explain),
             None => Err(TryFromProtoError::missing_field("CatalogItemId::kind")),
         }
     }
diff --git a/src/catalog/src/durable/objects.rs b/src/catalog/src/durable/objects.rs
index 428c8d3efe26d..60364d0faf6f5 100644
--- a/src/catalog/src/durable/objects.rs
+++ b/src/catalog/src/durable/objects.rs
@@ -637,6 +637,7 @@ impl TryFrom<CatalogItemId> for SystemCatalogItemId {
             CatalogItemId::IntrospectionSourceIndex(_) => Err("introspection_source_index"),
             CatalogItemId::User(_) => Err("user"),
             CatalogItemId::Transient(_) => Err("transient"),
+            CatalogItemId::Explain => Err("explain"),
         }
     }
 }
@@ -662,6 +663,7 @@ impl TryFrom<CatalogItemId> for IntrospectionSourceIndexCatalogItemId {
             }
             CatalogItemId::User(_) => Err("user"),
             CatalogItemId::Transient(_) => Err("transient"),
+            CatalogItemId::Explain => Err("explain"),
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/catalog/src/memory/objects.rs b/src/catalog/src/memory/objects.rs
index 6a92d741b25fc..3c30cdf819933 100644
--- a/src/catalog/src/memory/objects.rs
+++ b/src/catalog/src/memory/objects.rs
@@ -2009,6 +2009,72 @@ impl CatalogItem {
         }
     }
 
+    pub fn replace_item_refs(&self, old_id: GlobalId, new_id: GlobalId) -> CatalogItem {
+        let do_rewrite = |create_sql: String| -> String {
+            let mut create_stmt = mz_sql::parse::parse(&create_sql)
+                .expect("invalid create sql persisted to catalog")
+                .into_element()
+                .ast;
+            mz_sql::ast::transform::create_stmt_replace_ids(
+                &mut create_stmt,
+                &[(old_id, new_id)].into(),
+            );
+            create_stmt.to_ast_string_stable()
+        };
+
+        match self {
+            CatalogItem::Table(i) => {
+                let mut i = i.clone();
+                i.create_sql = i.create_sql.map(do_rewrite);
+                CatalogItem::Table(i)
+            }
+            CatalogItem::Log(i) => CatalogItem::Log(i.clone()),
+            CatalogItem::Source(i) => {
+                let mut i = i.clone();
+                i.create_sql = i.create_sql.map(do_rewrite);
+                CatalogItem::Source(i)
+            }
+            CatalogItem::Sink(i) => {
+                let mut i = i.clone();
+                i.create_sql = do_rewrite(i.create_sql);
+                CatalogItem::Sink(i)
+            }
+            CatalogItem::View(i) => {
+                let mut i = i.clone();
+                i.create_sql = do_rewrite(i.create_sql);
+                CatalogItem::View(i)
+            }
+            CatalogItem::MaterializedView(i) => {
+                let mut i = i.clone();
+                i.create_sql = do_rewrite(i.create_sql);
+                CatalogItem::MaterializedView(i)
+            }
+            CatalogItem::Index(i) => {
+                let mut i = i.clone();
+                i.create_sql = do_rewrite(i.create_sql);
+                CatalogItem::Index(i)
+            }
+            CatalogItem::Secret(i) => {
+                let mut i = i.clone();
+                i.create_sql = do_rewrite(i.create_sql);
+                CatalogItem::Secret(i)
+            }
+            CatalogItem::Func(_) | CatalogItem::Type(_) => {
+                unimplemented!()
+            }
+            CatalogItem::Connection(i) => {
+                let mut i = i.clone();
+                i.create_sql = do_rewrite(i.create_sql);
+                CatalogItem::Connection(i)
+            }
+            CatalogItem::ContinualTask(i) => {
+                let mut i = i.clone();
+                i.create_sql = do_rewrite(i.create_sql);
+                CatalogItem::ContinualTask(i)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
     /// Updates the retain history for an item. Returns the previous retain history value. Returns
     /// an error if this item does not support retain history.
     pub fn update_retain_history(
diff --git a/src/repr/src/catalog_item_id.proto b/src/repr/src/catalog_item_id.proto
index 4645c37c05789..d5ce8cc7361f1 100644
--- a/src/repr/src/catalog_item_id.proto
+++ b/src/repr/src/catalog_item_id.proto
@@ -19,5 +19,6 @@ message ProtoCatalogItemId {
     uint64 user = 2;
     uint64 transient = 3;
     uint64 introspection_source_index = 4;
+    google.protobuf.Empty explain = 5;
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/repr/src/catalog_item_id.rs b/src/repr/src/catalog_item_id.rs
index 07c13974963e2..a9c4d290fc47c 100644
--- a/src/repr/src/catalog_item_id.rs
+++ b/src/repr/src/catalog_item_id.rs
@@ -7,100 +7,13 @@
 // the Business Source License, use of this software will be governed
 // by the Apache License, Version 2.0.
 
-use std::fmt;
-use std::str::FromStr;
-
-use anyhow::{Error, anyhow};
-use mz_lowertest::MzReflect;
 use mz_proto::{RustType, TryFromProtoError};
-use proptest_derive::Arbitrary;
-use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
-
-include!(concat!(env!("OUT_DIR"), "/mz_repr.catalog_item_id.rs"));
-
-/// The identifier for an item within the Catalog.
-#[derive(
-    Arbitrary,
-    Clone,
-    Copy,
-    Debug,
-    Eq,
-    PartialEq,
-    Ord,
-    PartialOrd,
-    Hash,
-    Serialize,
-    Deserialize,
-    MzReflect,
-)]
-pub enum CatalogItemId {
-    /// System namespace.
-    System(u64),
-    /// Introspection Source Index namespace.
-    IntrospectionSourceIndex(u64),
-    /// User namespace.
-    User(u64),
-    /// Transient item.
-    Transient(u64),
-}
 
-impl CatalogItemId {
-    /// Reports whether this ID is in the system namespace.
-    pub fn is_system(&self) -> bool {
-        matches!(
-            self,
-            CatalogItemId::System(_) | CatalogItemId::IntrospectionSourceIndex(_)
-        )
-    }
-
-    /// Reports whether this ID is in the user namespace.
-    pub fn is_user(&self) -> bool {
-        matches!(self, CatalogItemId::User(_))
-    }
+use crate::GlobalId;
 
-    /// Reports whether this ID is for a transient item.
-    pub fn is_transient(&self) -> bool {
-        matches!(self, CatalogItemId::Transient(_))
-    }
-}
-
-impl FromStr for CatalogItemId {
-    type Err = Error;
-
-    fn from_str(mut s: &str) -> Result<Self, Self::Err> {
-        if s.len() < 2 {
-            return Err(anyhow!("couldn't parse id {}", s));
-        }
-        let tag = s.chars().next().unwrap();
-        s = &s[1..];
-        let variant = match tag {
-            's' => {
-                if Some('i') == s.chars().next() {
-                    s = &s[1..];
-                    CatalogItemId::IntrospectionSourceIndex
-                } else {
-                    CatalogItemId::System
-                }
-            }
-            'u' => CatalogItemId::User,
-            't' => CatalogItemId::Transient,
-            _ => return Err(anyhow!("couldn't parse id {}", s)),
-        };
-        let val: u64 = s.parse()?;
-        Ok(variant(val))
-    }
-}
+include!(concat!(env!("OUT_DIR"), "/mz_repr.catalog_item_id.rs"));
 
-impl fmt::Display for CatalogItemId {
-    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
-        match self {
-            CatalogItemId::System(id) => write!(f, "s{}", id),
-            CatalogItemId::IntrospectionSourceIndex(id) => write!(f, "si{}", id),
-            CatalogItemId::User(id) => write!(f, "u{}", id),
-            CatalogItemId::Transient(id) => write!(f, "t{}", id),
-        }
-    }
-}
+pub type CatalogItemId = GlobalId;
 
 impl RustType<ProtoCatalogItemId> for CatalogItemId {
     fn into_proto(&self) -> ProtoCatalogItemId {
@@ -111,6 +24,7 @@ impl RustType<ProtoCatalogItemId> for CatalogItemId {
                 CatalogItemId::IntrospectionSourceIndex(x) => IntrospectionSourceIndex(*x),
                 CatalogItemId::User(x) => User(*x),
                 CatalogItemId::Transient(x) => Transient(*x),
+                CatalogItemId::Explain => Explain(()),
             }),
         }
     }
@@ -122,6 +36,7 @@ impl RustType<ProtoCatalogItemId> for CatalogItemId {
             Some(IntrospectionSourceIndex(x)) => Ok(CatalogItemId::IntrospectionSourceIndex(x)),
             Some(User(x)) => Ok(CatalogItemId::User(x)),
             Some(Transient(x)) => Ok(CatalogItemId::Transient(x)),
+            Some(Explain(())) => Ok(CatalogItemId::Explain),
             None => Err(TryFromProtoError::missing_field("ProtoCatalogItemId::kind")),
         }
     }
diff --git a/src/repr/src/scalar.rs b/src/repr/src/scalar.rs
index 7f33492bf299a..fcb16ccc32099 100644
--- a/src/repr/src/scalar.rs
+++ b/src/repr/src/scalar.rs
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ pub use crate::relation_and_scalar::ProtoScalarType;
 pub use crate::relation_and_scalar::proto_scalar_type::ProtoRecordField;
 use crate::role_id::RoleId;
 use crate::row::DatumNested;
-use crate::{CatalogItemId, ColumnName, DatumList, DatumMap, Row, RowArena, SqlColumnType};
+use crate::{ColumnName, DatumList, DatumMap, GlobalId, Row, RowArena, SqlColumnType};
 
 /// A single value.
 ///
@@ -1691,7 +1691,7 @@ pub enum SqlScalarType {
     /// always be [`Datum::Null`].
     List {
         element_type: Box<SqlScalarType>,
-        custom_id: Option<CatalogItemId>,
+        custom_id: Option<GlobalId>,
     },
     /// An ordered and named sequence of datums.
     Record {
@@ -1700,7 +1700,7 @@ pub enum SqlScalarType {
         ///
         /// Boxed slice to reduce the size of the enum variant.
         fields: Box<[(ColumnName, SqlColumnType)]>,
-        custom_id: Option<CatalogItemId>,
+        custom_id: Option<GlobalId>,
     },
     /// A PostgreSQL object identifier.
     Oid,
@@ -1711,7 +1711,7 @@ pub enum SqlScalarType {
     /// be [`Datum::Null`].
     Map {
         value_type: Box<SqlScalarType>,
-        custom_id: Option<CatalogItemId>,
+        custom_id: Option<GlobalId>,
     },
     /// A PostgreSQL function name.
     RegProc,
@@ -3906,14 +3906,14 @@ impl Arbitrary for SqlScalarType {
         leaf.prop_recursive(2, 3, 5, |inner| {
             Union::new(vec![
                 // List
-                (inner.clone(), any::<Option<CatalogItemId>>())
+                (inner.clone(), any::<Option<GlobalId>>())
                     .prop_map(|(x, id)| SqlScalarType::List {
                         element_type: Box::new(x),
                         custom_id: id,
                     })
                     .boxed(),
                 // Map
-                (inner.clone(), any::<Option<CatalogItemId>>())
+                (inner.clone(), any::<Option<GlobalId>>())
                     .prop_map(|(x, id)| SqlScalarType::Map {
                         value_type: Box::new(x),
                         custom_id: id,
@@ -3935,7 +3935,7 @@ impl Arbitrary for SqlScalarType {
                         prop::collection::vec((any::<ColumnName>(), column_type_strat), 0..10);
 
                     // Now we combine it with the default strategies to get Records.
-                    (fields_strat, any::<Option<CatalogItemId>>())
+                    (fields_strat, any::<Option<GlobalId>>())
                         .prop_map(|(fields, custom_id)| SqlScalarType::Record {
                             fields: fields.into(),
                             custom_id,
diff --git a/src/sql-parser/src/ast/metadata.rs b/src/sql-parser/src/ast/metadata.rs
index aa23d871f082e..4b80eed4ff41c 100644
--- a/src/sql-parser/src/ast/metadata.rs
+++ b/src/sql-parser/src/ast/metadata.rs
@@ -105,6 +105,13 @@ impl RawItemName {
             RawItemName::Id(_, name, _) => name,
         }
     }
+
+    pub fn id_mut(&mut self) -> Option<&mut String> {
+        match self {
+            RawItemName::Name(_) => None,
+            RawItemName::Id(id, _, _) => Some(id),
+        }
+    }
 }
 
 impl AstDisplay for RawItemName {
diff --git a/src/storage-types/src/lib.rs b/src/storage-types/src/lib.rs
index 6903c6a75bbb1..2873f50610af2 100644
--- a/src/storage-types/src/lib.rs
+++ b/src/storage-types/src/lib.rs
@@ -48,7 +48,6 @@ pub trait AlterCompatible: std::fmt::Debug + PartialEq {
 }
 
 impl AlterCompatible for mz_repr::GlobalId {}
-impl AlterCompatible for mz_repr::CatalogItemId {}
 
 /// The diff type used by storage.
 pub type StorageDiff = i64;
diff --git a/test/sqllogictest/alter-table.slt b/test/sqllogictest/alter-table.slt
index 5b42a3dd0cc2e..5d1cde0c95342 100644
--- a/test/sqllogictest/alter-table.slt
+++ b/test/sqllogictest/alter-table.slt
@@ -413,15 +413,15 @@ DROP TABLE t1 CASCADE;
 query TT
 SELECT id, name FROM mz_tables WHERE id LIKE 'u%';
 ----
-u1 t2
+u16 t2
 
 statement ok
 COMMENT ON COLUMN t2.a IS 'this column existed originally';
 
 query TTIT
-SELECT * FROM mz_internal.mz_comments WHERE id = 'u1';
+SELECT * FROM mz_internal.mz_comments WHERE id = 'u16';
 ----
-u1  table  1  this␠column␠existed␠originally
+u16  table  1  this␠column␠existed␠originally
 
 statement ok
 ALTER TABLE t2 ADD COLUMN c timestamp;
@@ -430,14 +430,14 @@ statement ok
 COMMENT ON COLUMN t2.c IS 'added later';
 
 query TTIT rowsort
-SELECT * FROM mz_internal.mz_comments WHERE id = 'u1';
+SELECT * FROM mz_internal.mz_comments WHERE id = 'u17';
 ----
-u1  table  3  added␠later
-u1  table  1  this␠column␠existed␠originally
+u17  table  3  added␠later
+u17  table  1  this␠column␠existed␠originally
 
 statement ok
 DROP TABLE t2 CASCADE;
 
 query TTIT
-SELECT * FROM mz_internal.mz_comments WHERE id = 'u1';
+SELECT * FROM mz_internal.mz_comments WHERE id = 'u17';
 ----