Rollup merge of rust-lang#146878 - RalfJung:check_language_ub, r=tgross35

assert_unsafe_precondition: fix some incorrect check_language_ub

r? `@tgross35`

Author: Zalathar

library/core/src/ascii/ascii_char.rs

@@ -515,7 +515,7 @@ impl AsciiChar {
     #[track_caller]
     pub const unsafe fn digit_unchecked(d: u8) -> Self {
         assert_unsafe_precondition!(
-            check_language_ub,
+            check_library_ub,
             "`ascii::Char::digit_unchecked` input cannot exceed 9.",
             (d: u8 = d) => d < 10
         );

library/core/src/num/int_macros.rs

@@ -1460,8 +1460,8 @@ macro_rules! int_impl {
         #[inline]
         pub const unsafe fn unchecked_exact_shl(self, rhs: u32) -> $SelfT {
             assert_unsafe_precondition!(
-                check_language_ub,
-                concat!(stringify!($SelfT), "::unchecked_exact_shl cannot shift out non-zero bits"),
+                check_library_ub,
+                concat!(stringify!($SelfT), "::unchecked_exact_shl cannot shift out bits that would change the value of the first bit"),
                 (
                     zeros: u32 = self.leading_zeros(),
                     ones: u32 = self.leading_ones(),
@@ -1638,7 +1638,7 @@ macro_rules! int_impl {
         #[inline]
         pub const unsafe fn unchecked_exact_shr(self, rhs: u32) -> $SelfT {
             assert_unsafe_precondition!(
-                check_language_ub,
+                check_library_ub,
                 concat!(stringify!($SelfT), "::unchecked_exact_shr cannot shift out non-zero bits"),
                 (
                     zeros: u32 = self.trailing_zeros(),

library/core/src/num/uint_macros.rs

@@ -1865,7 +1865,7 @@ macro_rules! uint_impl {
         #[inline]
         pub const unsafe fn unchecked_exact_shl(self, rhs: u32) -> $SelfT {
             assert_unsafe_precondition!(
-                check_language_ub,
+                check_library_ub,
                 concat!(stringify!($SelfT), "::exact_shl_unchecked cannot shift out non-zero bits"),
                 (
                     zeros: u32 = self.leading_zeros(),
@@ -2037,7 +2037,7 @@ macro_rules! uint_impl {
         #[inline]
         pub const unsafe fn unchecked_exact_shr(self, rhs: u32) -> $SelfT {
             assert_unsafe_precondition!(
-                check_language_ub,
+                check_library_ub,
                 concat!(stringify!($SelfT), "::exact_shr_unchecked cannot shift out non-zero bits"),
                 (
                     zeros: u32 = self.trailing_zeros(),

library/core/src/slice/index.rs

@@ -233,7 +233,7 @@ unsafe impl<T> const SliceIndex<[T]> for usize {
     #[track_caller]
     unsafe fn get_unchecked(self, slice: *const [T]) -> *const T {
         assert_unsafe_precondition!(
-            check_language_ub,
+            check_language_ub, // okay because of the `assume` below
             "slice::get_unchecked requires that the index is within the slice",
             (this: usize = self, len: usize = slice.len()) => this < len
         );

library/core/src/ub_checks.rs

@@ -21,8 +21,9 @@ use crate::intrinsics::{self, const_eval_select};
 /// slow down const-eval/Miri and we'll get the panic message instead of the interpreter's nice
 /// diagnostic, but our ability to detect UB is unchanged.
 /// But if `check_language_ub` is used when the check is actually for library UB, the check is
-/// omitted in const-eval/Miri and thus if we eventually execute language UB which relies on the
-/// library UB, the backtrace Miri reports may be far removed from original cause.
+/// omitted in const-eval/Miri and thus UB might occur undetected. Even if we eventually execute
+/// language UB which relies on the library UB, the backtrace Miri reports may be far removed from
+/// original cause.
 ///
 /// These checks are behind a condition which is evaluated at codegen time, not expansion time like
 /// [`debug_assert`]. This means that a standard library built with optimizations and debug