Add details about each vulnerability in code comments

Author: TheHackerDev

main.go

@@ -20,19 +20,28 @@ import (
 func main() {
 	// Gosec G101: Hardcoded credentials
 	// CWE-798: Use of Hard-coded Credentials
+	// Vulnerability: Hard-coding credentials in source code is a security risk.
+	// If an attacker gains access to the source code, they can easily extract the credentials.
+	// Best practice is to store credentials securely, such as in environment variables or a secrets manager.
 	const password = "secret123"
 	if password == "secret123" {
 		fmt.Println("Access granted!")
 	}
 
 	// Gosec G501: Blacklisted import crypto/md5
 	// CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
+	// Vulnerability: The MD5 hash function is cryptographically broken and should not be used for security purposes.
+	// It is vulnerable to collision attacks, where two different inputs can produce the same hash output.
+	// Best practice is to use a secure hash function like SHA-256 or SHA-3.
 	hash := md5.New()
 	hash.Write([]byte("test"))
 	fmt.Printf("%x", hash.Sum(nil))
 
 	// Gosec G304: File path provided as taint input
 	// CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
+	// Vulnerability: Using user-supplied input directly as a file path can lead to path traversal vulnerabilities.
+	// An attacker can craft a malicious path to access files outside the intended directory.
+	// Best practice is to validate and sanitize user input before using it as a file path.
 	http.HandleFunc("/", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		filePath := r.URL.Query().Get("path")
 		data, err := os.ReadFile(filePath)
@@ -45,16 +54,25 @@ func main() {
 
 	// Gosec G204: Subprocess launched with variable
 	// CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
+	// Vulnerability: Executing a command with user-supplied input can lead to command injection vulnerabilities.
+	// An attacker can inject malicious commands to gain unauthorized access or perform destructive actions.
+	// Best practice is to avoid using user input directly in commands and use safe alternatives like parameterized queries.
 	userInput := "ls -l; rm -rf /"
 	cmd := exec.Command("sh", "-c", userInput)
 	cmd.Run()
 
 	// Gosec G104: Errors unhandled
+	// Vulnerability: Ignoring errors can lead to unexpected behavior and security vulnerabilities.
+	// Unhandled errors may result in resource leaks, inconsistent state, or exposure of sensitive information.
+	// Best practice is to properly handle and log errors to ensure the stability and security of the application.
 	f, _ := os.Open("file.txt")
 	defer f.Close()
 
 	// Gosec G201: SQL query construction using format string
 	// CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
+	// Vulnerability: Constructing SQL queries by directly concatenating user input can lead to SQL injection vulnerabilities.
+	// An attacker can manipulate the input to modify the SQL query and gain unauthorized access to the database.
+	// Best practice is to use parameterized queries or prepared statements to separate user input from the SQL query structure.
 	username := "admin"
 	pass := "' OR 1=1--"
 	query := fmt.Sprintf("SELECT * FROM users WHERE username='%s' AND password='%s'", username, pass)
@@ -63,24 +81,36 @@ func main() {
 
 	// Gosec G401: Use of weak cryptographic primitive
 	// CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
+	// Vulnerability: Using weak cryptographic primitives, such as DES, can compromise the security of encrypted data.
+	// These algorithms have known vulnerabilities and are susceptible to attacks.
+	// Best practice is to use strong, modern cryptographic algorithms like AES with appropriate key sizes.
 	key := []byte("weak-key")
 	block, _ := des.NewCipher(key)
 	fmt.Printf("%x", block)
 
 	// Gosec G402: TLS MinVersion too low
 	// CWE-326: Inadequate Encryption Strength
+	// Vulnerability: Using a low TLS version, such as SSL 3.0, can expose the communication to known vulnerabilities.
+	// Older TLS versions have weaknesses that can be exploited by attackers to compromise the security of the connection.
+	// Best practice is to use a minimum TLS version of 1.2 or higher and disable support for older, insecure versions.
 	config := &tls.Config{
 		MinVersion: tls.VersionSSL30,
 	}
 	_, _ = tls.Dial("tcp", "example.com:443", config)
 
 	// Gosec G404: Use of weak random number generator
 	// CWE-338: Use of Cryptographically Weak Pseudo-Random Number Generator (PRNG)
+	// Vulnerability: Using a weak random number generator, such as the default math/rand package, can lead to predictable and insecure random values.
+	// Attackers may be able to guess or reproduce the generated random numbers, compromising the security of the system.
+	// Best practice is to use a cryptographically secure random number generator, such as crypto/rand, for security-sensitive operations.
 	token := rand.Int()
 	fmt.Println("Random token:", token)
 
 	// Gosec G501: Blacklisted import crypto/rc4
 	// CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
+	// Vulnerability: The RC4 stream cipher is considered weak and should not be used for encryption.
+	// It has biases and vulnerabilities that can be exploited to recover the plaintext from the ciphertext.
+	// Best practice is to use secure encryption algorithms like AES-GCM or ChaCha20-Poly1305.
 	cipher, _ := rc4.NewCipher([]byte("secret"))
 	fmt.Printf("%x", cipher)
 
@@ -92,18 +122,27 @@ func main() {
 
 	// Gosec G107: Potential HTTP request made with variable url
 	// CWE-88: Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')
+	// Vulnerability: Making an HTTP request with a user-supplied URL can lead to server-side request forgery (SSRF) vulnerabilities.
+	// An attacker can manipulate the URL to make requests to internal or external systems, potentially accessing sensitive data or performing unauthorized actions.
+	// Best practice is to validate and sanitize the URL input, restrict the allowed domains or schemes, and use a whitelist approach if possible.
 	url := resp.Request.URL.Query().Get("url")
 	http.Get(url)
 
 	// Gosec G109: Potential Integer overflow made by strconv.Atoi result conversion to int16/32
 	// CWE-190: Integer Overflow or Wraparound
+	// Vulnerability: Converting a string to an integer without proper bounds checking can lead to integer overflow vulnerabilities.
+	// If the input string represents a number that is too large for the target integer type, it can cause unexpected behavior or security issues.
+	// Best practice is to use appropriate integer types with sufficient range and perform proper error handling and input validation.
 	val := resp.Request.URL.Query().Get("val")
 	num, _ := strconv.Atoi(val)
 	var intVal int16 = int16(num)
 	fmt.Println(intVal)
 
 	// Gosec G110: Potential DoS vulnerability via decompression bomb
 	// CWE-409: Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)
+	// Vulnerability: Decompressing user-supplied compressed data without proper limits can lead to denial-of-service (DoS) attacks.
+	// An attacker can craft a small compressed payload that expands to a extremely large size upon decompression, consuming excessive memory and CPU resources.
+	// Best practice is to set appropriate size limits on the decompressed data and handle decompression errors gracefully.
 	http.HandleFunc("/decompress", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		r.Body = http.MaxBytesReader(w, r.Body, 1<<30) // 1GB
 		gzr, _ := gzip.NewReader(r.Body)