diff --git a/config.yml b/config.yml
index 950355de3..bdbd16fd8 100644
--- a/config.yml
+++ b/config.yml
@@ -115,7 +115,10 @@ notebook:
     - ios_container: 容器 IO
       code_ext: hpp
       test_ext: cpp
-    - fastio: 快速 IO
+    - fastin: 快速读入
+      code_ext: hpp
+      test_ext: cpp
+    - fastout: 快速输出
       code_ext: hpp
       test_ext: cpp
     ds:
@@ -1374,9 +1377,6 @@ notebook:
     - strhex2uint_si64: 16 进制字符串转 u32
       code_ext: hpp
       test_ext: cpp
-    - u32tostr: u32 转字符串
-      code_ext: hpp
-      test_ext: cpp
     - u32tostrhex: u32 转 16 进制字符串
       code_ext: hpp
       test_ext: cpp
diff --git a/src/code/fast/u32tostr.hpp b/src/code/fast/u32tostr.hpp
deleted file mode 100644
index 07210c9d4..000000000
--- a/src/code/fast/u32tostr.hpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,64 +0,0 @@
-#ifndef TIFALIBS_FAST_UINT2STR_32
-#define TIFALIBS_FAST_UINT2STR_32
-
-#include "../util/util.hpp"
-
-namespace tifa_libs {
-
-CEXP u32 u32tostr_si16(u64 x, char *s) NE {
-  if (x <= 9) {
-    *s = (char)(x | 0x30);
-    return 1;
-  } else if (x <= 99) {
-    u64 lo = x, ll = ((lo * 103) >> 9) & 0x1E;
-    lo += ll * 3;
-    ll = ((lo & 0xF0) >> 4) | ((lo & 0x0F) << 8);
-    *(u16 *)s = (u16)(ll | 0x3030);
-    return 2;
-  } else return 0;
-}
-CEXP u32 u32tostr_si32(u64 x, char *s) NE {
-  u64 lo = 0, ll = 0;
-  u32 digits = 0;
-  if (x <= 99) return u32tostr_si16(x, s);
-  lo = x, digits = (lo > 999) ? 4 : 3;
-  ll = ((lo * 5243) >> 19) & 0xFF;
-  lo = ((lo - ll * 100) << 16) | ll;
-  ll = ((lo * 103) >> 9) & 0x1E001E;
-  lo += ll * 3;
-  ll = ((lo & 0x00F000F0) << 28) | ((lo & 0x000F000F) << 40) | 0x3030303000000000;
-  if (u8 *p = (u8 *)&ll; digits == 4) *(u32 *)s = *(u32 *)(&p[4]);
-  else *(u16 *)s = *(u16 *)(&p[5]), *(((u8 *)s) + 2) = p[7];
-  return digits;
-}
-
-CEXP u32 u32tostr(u64 x, char *s) NE {
-  u64 low = 0, ll = 0;
-  u32 digits = 0;
-  if (x <= 9999) return u32tostr_si32(x, s);
-  if (x < 100000000) {
-    if ((low = x) > 999999) digits = (low > 9999999) ? 8 : 7;
-    else digits = (low > 99999) ? 6 : 5;
-  } else {
-    u64 high = (x * 0x55E63B89) >> 57;
-    low = x - (high * 100000000), digits = u32tostr_si16(high, s) + 8;
-  }
-  ll = (low * 109951163) >> 40, (low -= ll * 10000) |= ll << 32;
-  ll = ((low * 5243) >> 19) & 0x000000FF000000FF, low = ((low - ll * 100) << 16) | ll;
-  ll = ((low * 103) >> 9) & 0x001E001E001E001E, low += ll * 3;
-  ll = ((low & 0x00F000F000F000F0) >> 4) | (low & 0x000F000F000F000F) << 8;
-  ll = (ll >> 32) | (ll << 32) | 0x3030303030303030;
-  if (digits >= 8) memcpy(s + digits - 8, &ll, 8);
-  else {
-    u32 d = digits;
-    char *s1 = s, *pll = &(((char *)&ll)[8 - digits]);
-    if (d >= 4) memcpy(s1, pll, 4), s1 += 4, pll += 4, d -= 4;
-    if (d >= 2) memcpy(s1, pll, 2), s1 += 2, pll += 2, d -= 2;
-    if (d > 0) *(u8 *)s1 = *(u8 *)pll;
-  }
-  return digits;
-}
-
-}  // namespace tifa_libs
-
-#endif
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/code/game/npuzzle_data.hpp b/src/code/game/npuzzle_data.hpp
index 07dae0bea..4401c41ca 100644
--- a/src/code/game/npuzzle_data.hpp
+++ b/src/code/game/npuzzle_data.hpp
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #ifndef TIFALIBS_GAME_NPUZZLE_DATA
 #define TIFALIBS_GAME_NPUZZLE_DATA
 
-#include "../util/util.hpp"
+#include "../util/traits.hpp"
 
 namespace tifa_libs::game {
 
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ class NPuzzleData {
     swap(node[pre], node[p0]);
   }
   CEXP auto operator<=>(NPuzzleData CR r) CNE { return node <=> r.node; }
-  friend std::istream &operator>>(std::istream &is, NPuzzleData &np) NE {
+  friend auto &operator>>(tifa_libs::istream_c auto &is, NPuzzleData &np) NE {
     for (auto &i : np.node) is >> i;
     np.p0 = u32(std::ranges::find(np.node, 0) - np.node.begin());
     flt_ (u32, p, 0, (u32)np.node.size())
diff --git a/src/code/geo2d/circle.hpp b/src/code/geo2d/circle.hpp
index 379f0b5e7..ffa45cf79 100644
--- a/src/code/geo2d/circle.hpp
+++ b/src/code/geo2d/circle.hpp
@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@ struct circle {
   CEXP circle(point<FP> CR c, FP r) NE : o(c), r(r) {}
   CEXP circle(FP c_x, FP c_y, FP r_) NE : o(c_x, c_y), r(r_) {}
 
-  friend std::istream &operator>>(std::istream &is, circle &c) NE { return is >> c.o >> c.r; }
-  friend std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, circle CR c) NE { return os << c.o << ' ' << c.r; }
+  friend auto &operator>>(tifa_libs::istream_c auto &is, circle &c) NE { return is >> c.o >> c.r; }
+  friend auto &operator<<(tifa_libs::ostream_c auto &os, circle CR c) NE { return os << c.o << ' ' << c.r; }
   friend CEXP bool operator==(circle CR l, circle CR r) NE { return l.o == r.o && l.r == r.r; }
   friend CEXP bool operator<(circle CR l, circle CR r) NE { return l.o == r.o ? l.r < r.r : l.o < r.o; }
 
diff --git a/src/code/geo2d/cvh.hpp b/src/code/geo2d/cvh.hpp
index 7ff6c2774..019a9c4da 100644
--- a/src/code/geo2d/cvh.hpp
+++ b/src/code/geo2d/cvh.hpp
@@ -15,11 +15,11 @@ struct cvh : public polygon<FP> {
     if (!inited) strict ? init<true>() : init<false>();
   }
 
-  friend std::istream &operator>>(std::istream &is, cvh &ch) NE {
+  friend auto &operator>>(tifa_libs::istream_c auto &is, cvh &ch) NE {
     for (auto &i : ch.vs) is >> i;
     return is;
   }
-  friend std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, cvh<FP> CR ch) NE {
+  friend auto &operator<<(tifa_libs::ostream_c auto &os, cvh<FP> CR ch) NE {
     if (ch.vs.empty()) return os;
     for (auto it = ch.vs.begin(); it != ch.vs.end() - 1; ++it) os << *it << ' ';
     return os << ch.vs.back();
diff --git a/src/code/geo2d/point.hpp b/src/code/geo2d/point.hpp
index c2ccc1bd9..6c7bbacae 100644
--- a/src/code/geo2d/point.hpp
+++ b/src/code/geo2d/point.hpp
@@ -12,8 +12,8 @@ struct point {
   FP x, y;
   CEXPE point(FP x = {}, FP y = {}) NE : x{x}, y{y} {}
 
-  friend std::istream &operator>>(std::istream &is, point &p) NE { return is >> p.x >> p.y; }
-  friend std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, point CR p) NE { return os << p.x << ' ' << p.y; }
+  friend auto &operator>>(tifa_libs::istream_c auto &is, point &p) NE { return is >> p.x >> p.y; }
+  friend auto &operator<<(tifa_libs::ostream_c auto &os, point CR p) NE { return os << p.x << ' ' << p.y; }
   // s + (t - s) * r
   template <std::floating_point T>
   friend CEXP point lerp(point CR s, point CR t, T r) NE { return s + (t - s) * r; }
diff --git a/src/code/geo2d/polygon.hpp b/src/code/geo2d/polygon.hpp
index 8bb5fe3b1..87ee530cf 100644
--- a/src/code/geo2d/polygon.hpp
+++ b/src/code/geo2d/polygon.hpp
@@ -17,11 +17,11 @@ struct polygon {
   CEXP polygon(itl<point<FP>> vs_) NE : vs(vs_) {}
   CEXP polygon(spn<point<FP>> vs_) NE : vs(vs_.begin(), vs_.end()) {}
 
-  friend std::istream &operator>>(std::istream &is, polygon &p) NE {
+  friend auto &operator>>(tifa_libs::istream_c auto &is, polygon &p) NE {
     for (auto &i : p.vs) is >> i;
     return is;
   }
-  friend std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, polygon CR p) NE {
+  friend auto &operator<<(tifa_libs::ostream_c auto &os, polygon CR p) NE {
     if (p.vs.empty()) return os;
     for (auto it = p.vs.begin(); it != p.vs.end() - 1; ++it) os << *it << ' ';
     return os << p.vs.back();
diff --git a/src/code/geo2d/triangle.hpp b/src/code/geo2d/triangle.hpp
index fb74584d2..4be127d2f 100644
--- a/src/code/geo2d/triangle.hpp
+++ b/src/code/geo2d/triangle.hpp
@@ -16,8 +16,8 @@ struct triangle {
   CEXP triangle(point<FP> CR a, point<FP> CR b, point<FP> CR c) NE : A(a), B(b), C(c) {}
   CEXP triangle(FP a_x, FP a_y, FP b_x, FP b_y, FP c_x, FP c_y) NE : A(a_x, a_y), B(b_x, b_y), C(c_x, c_y) {}
 
-  friend std::istream &operator>>(std::istream &is, triangle &t) NE { return is >> t.A >> t.B >> t.C; }
-  friend std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, triangle CR t) NE { return os << t.A << ' ' << t.B << ' ' << t.C; }
+  friend auto &operator>>(tifa_libs::istream_c auto &is, triangle &t) NE { return is >> t.A >> t.B >> t.C; }
+  friend auto &operator<<(tifa_libs::ostream_c auto &os, triangle CR t) NE { return os << t.A << ' ' << t.B << ' ' << t.C; }
   friend CEXP bool operator==(triangle CR l, triangle CR r) NE { return l.A == r.A && l.B == r.B && l.C == r.C; }
   // (a, b, c)
   CEXP pt3<FP> edges() CNE { return {dist_PP(B, C), dist_PP(C, A), dist_PP(A, B)}; }
diff --git a/src/code/geo3d/line3d.hpp b/src/code/geo3d/line3d.hpp
index dbe6437e8..819118342 100644
--- a/src/code/geo3d/line3d.hpp
+++ b/src/code/geo3d/line3d.hpp
@@ -10,8 +10,8 @@ struct line3d {
   point3d<FP> l, r;
   CEXP line3d(point3d<FP> CR s, point3d<FP> CR t) NE : l(s), r(t) {}
 
-  friend std::istream &operator>>(std::istream &is, line3d &l) NE { return is >> l.l >> l.r; }
-  friend std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, line3d CR l) NE { return os << l.l << ' ' << l.r; }
+  friend auto &operator>>(tifa_libs::istream_c auto &is, line3d &l) NE { return is >> l.l >> l.r; }
+  friend auto &operator<<(tifa_libs::ostream_c auto &os, line3d CR l) NE { return os << l.l << ' ' << l.r; }
 };
 
 }  // namespace tifa_libs::geo
diff --git a/src/code/geo3d/planev.hpp b/src/code/geo3d/planev.hpp
index 46b8b35d9..95b72d885 100644
--- a/src/code/geo3d/planev.hpp
+++ b/src/code/geo3d/planev.hpp
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ struct planev {
   point3d<FP> const *u, *v, *w;
   CEXP planev(point3d<FP> CR a, point3d<FP> CR b, point3d<FP> CR c) NE : u(&a), v(&b), w(&c) {}
 
-  friend std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, planev CR pl) NE { return os << *pl.u << ' ' << *pl.v << ' ' << *pl.w; }
+  friend auto &operator<<(tifa_libs::ostream_c auto &os, planev CR pl) NE { return os << *pl.u << ' ' << *pl.v << ' ' << *pl.w; }
   CEXP point3d<FP> normal() CNE { return cross(*u, *v, *w); }
   CEXP FP area2() CNE { return normal().norm(); }
   CEXP FP area() CNE { return area2() * (FP).5; }
diff --git a/src/code/geo3d/point3d.hpp b/src/code/geo3d/point3d.hpp
index bf09fbf4b..28a66c271 100644
--- a/src/code/geo3d/point3d.hpp
+++ b/src/code/geo3d/point3d.hpp
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #ifndef TIFALIBS_GEO3D_POINT3D
 #define TIFALIBS_GEO3D_POINT3D
 
-#include "../util/util.hpp"
+#include "../util/traits.hpp"
 
 namespace tifa_libs::geo {
 
@@ -11,8 +11,8 @@ struct point3d {
   FP x, y, z;
   CEXPE point3d(FP x = FP{}, FP y = FP{}, FP z = FP{}) NE : x(x), y(y), z(z) {}
 
-  friend std::istream &operator>>(std::istream &is, point3d &p) NE { return is >> p.x >> p.y >> p.z; }
-  friend std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, point3d CR p) NE { return os << p.x << ' ' << p.y << ' ' << p.z; }
+  friend auto &operator>>(tifa_libs::istream_c auto &is, point3d &p) NE { return is >> p.x >> p.y >> p.z; }
+  friend auto &operator<<(tifa_libs::ostream_c auto &os, point3d CR p) NE { return os << p.x << ' ' << p.y << ' ' << p.z; }
   // s + (t - s) * r
   template <std::floating_point T>
   friend CEXP point3d lerp(point3d CR s, point3d CR t, T r) NE { return s + (t - s) * r; }
diff --git a/src/code/io/fastin.hpp b/src/code/io/fastin.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ce6c856aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/code/io/fastin.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+#ifndef TIFALIBS_IO_FASTIN
+#define TIFALIBS_IO_FASTIN
+
+#include "../util/traits.hpp"
+#ifdef __linux__
+#include <sys/mman.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#endif
+
+namespace tifa_libs {
+
+//! UB if EOF occured during reading
+class fastin {
+  CEXP static u32 BUF = 0x200005;
+  FILE *f_ = nullptr;
+#ifdef __linux__
+  char *bg, *ed, *p;
+  struct stat Fl;
+
+  template <bool ignore_space = true>
+  void read_str(strn &n) NE {
+    char *l = p, *r;
+    if CEXP (ignore_space) {
+      while (!isgraph(*l++));
+      r = l--;
+      while (isgraph(*r++));
+    } else {
+      while (!isprint(*l++));
+      r = l--;
+      while (isprint(*r++));
+    }
+    n.assign(l, p = r);
+  }
+
+ public:
+  fastin(FILE *f = stdin) NE { assert(f), rebind(f); }
+  ~fastin() NE { rebind(); }
+  void rebind(FILE *f = nullptr) NE {
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wmaybe-uninitialized"
+    if (!f_) munmap(bg, Fl.st_size + 1);
+#pragma GCC diagnostic warning "-Wmaybe-uninitialized"
+    if (!f) return;
+    auto fd = fileno(f_ = f);
+    fstat(fd, &Fl);
+    p = (bg = (char *)mmap(nullptr, Fl.st_size + 4, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, fd, 0));
+    ed = bg + Fl.st_size;
+    madvise(bg, Fl.st_size + 4, MADV_SEQUENTIAL);
+  }
+  bool iseof() NE { return p == ed; }
+#else
+  char buf[BUF], *ed, *p;
+
+  template <bool ignore_space>
+  void read_str(strn &n) NE {
+    n.clear(), n.reserve(23);
+    if CEXP (ignore_space) {
+      n.push_back(skip_cntrls().get());
+      while (isgraph(get())) n.push_back(peek());
+    } else {
+      n.push_back(skip_cntrl().get());
+      while (isprint(get())) n.push_back(peek());
+    }
+  }
+
+ public:
+  fastin(FILE *f = stdin) NE { rebind(f); }
+  void rebind(FILE *f) NE { f_ = f, p = ed = buf; }
+  bool iseof() NE {
+    if (p == ed) [[unlikely]]
+      ed = (p = buf) + fread(buf, 1, BUF, f_);
+    return p == ed;
+  }
+#endif
+  char peek() NE {
+    if (iseof()) [[unlikely]]
+      return EOF;
+    return *p;
+  }
+  char get_unchk() NE { return *p++; }
+  char get() NE {
+    if (iseof()) [[unlikely]]
+      return EOF;
+    return get_unchk();
+  }
+#define SKIP(name, pred)           \
+  fastin &skip_##name() NE {       \
+    if (pred(peek())) get_unchk(); \
+    return *this;                  \
+  }
+  SKIP(cntrl, iscntrl)
+  SKIP(cntrls, !isgraph)
+  SKIP(ndigit, !isdigit)
+#undef SKIP
+  template <class T>
+  requires(std::integral<T> && !char_c<T>)
+  fastin &operator>>(T &n) NE {
+    if CEXP (std::same_as<T, bool>) n = skip_ndigit().get() != '0';
+    else {
+      n = 0;
+      bool is_neg = false;
+      if CEXP (std::signed_integral<T>)
+        while (!isdigit(peek())) is_neg |= peek() == '-', get_unchk();
+      else skip_ndigit();
+      while (isdigit(peek())) (n *= 10) += peek() & 15, get_unchk();
+      if CEXP (sint_c<T>)
+        if (is_neg) n = -n;
+    }
+    return *this;
+  }
+  fastin &operator>>(std::floating_point auto &n) NE {
+    static strn s;
+    (*this >> s), std::from_chars(s.begin().base(), s.end().base(), n);
+    return *this;
+  }
+  //! ignore cntrl and space
+  fastin &operator>>(char_c auto &n) NE { return (n = skip_cntrls().get()), *this; }
+  fastin &operator>>(strn &n) NE { return read_str<true>(n), *this; }
+  fastin &getline(strn &n) NE { return read_str<false>(n), *this; }
+  //! NOT ignore cntrl and space
+  fastin &strict_read(char_c auto &n) NE { return (n = get()), *this; }
+  fastin &operator>>(fastin &(*func)(fastin &)) NE { return func(*this); }
+};
+inline fastin fin;
+inline fastin &ws(fastin &f) NE { return f.skip_cntrls(); }
+
+}  // namespace tifa_libs
+
+#endif
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/code/io/fastio.hpp b/src/code/io/fastio.hpp
deleted file mode 100644
index c5793385c..000000000
--- a/src/code/io/fastio.hpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,194 +0,0 @@
-#ifndef TIFALIBS_IO_FASTIO
-#define TIFALIBS_IO_FASTIO
-
-#include "../fast/u32tostr.hpp"
-#include "../util/traits.hpp"
-#ifdef __linux__
-#include <sys/mman.h>
-#include <sys/stat.h>
-#endif
-
-namespace tifa_libs {
-namespace fastio_impl_ {
-//! UB if EOF occured during reading
-template <u32 BUF>
-class fastin {
-  FILE *f_ = nullptr;
-#ifdef __linux__
-  char *bg, *ed, *p;
-  struct stat Fl;
-
- public:
-  fastin(FILE *f = stdin) NE { assert(f), rebind(f); }
-  ~fastin() NE { rebind(); }
-  void rebind(FILE *f = nullptr) NE {
-#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wmaybe-uninitialized"
-    if (!f_) munmap(bg, Fl.st_size + 1);
-#pragma GCC diagnostic warning "-Wmaybe-uninitialized"
-    if (!f) return;
-    auto fd = fileno(f_ = f);
-    fstat(fd, &Fl);
-    p = (bg = (char *)mmap(nullptr, Fl.st_size + 4, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, fd, 0));
-    ed = bg + Fl.st_size;
-    madvise(bg, Fl.st_size + 4, MADV_SEQUENTIAL);
-  }
-  char peek() NE { return *p; }
-  char get() NE { return *p++; }
-  bool iseof() NE { return p == ed; }
-
-#else
-  char buf[BUF], *ed, *p;
-
- public:
-  fastin(FILE *f = stdin) NE { rebind(f); }
-  void rebind(FILE *f) NE { f_ = f, p = ed = buf; }
-  char peek() NE { return p == ed && (ed = (p = buf) + fread(buf, 1, BUF, f_), p == ed) ? EOF : *p; }
-  char get() NE { return p == ed && (ed = (p = buf) + fread(buf, 1, BUF, f_), p == ed) ? EOF : *p++; }
-  bool iseof() NE { return peek() == EOF; }
-#endif
-  template <class T>
-  requires(sint_c<T> && !char_c<T>)
-  fastin &read(T &n) NE {
-    bool is_neg = false;
-    char ch = get();
-    while (!isdigit(ch)) is_neg |= ch == '-', ch = get();
-    n = 0;
-    while (isdigit(ch)) (n *= 10) += ch & 15, ch = get();
-    if (is_neg) n = -n;
-    return *this;
-  }
-  template <class T>
-  requires(uint_c<T> && !char_c<T>)
-  fastin &read(T &n) NE {
-    char ch = get();
-    while (!isdigit(ch)) ch = get();
-    n = 0;
-    while (isdigit(ch)) (n *= 10) += ch & 15, ch = get();
-    return *this;
-  }
-  template <mint_c T>
-  fastin &read(T &n) NE {
-    decltype(std::declval<T>().sval()) x;
-    read(x), n = T(x);
-    return *this;
-  }
-  //! ignore cntrl and space
-  fastin &read(char_c auto &n) NE {
-    while (!isgraph(n = get()));
-    return *this;
-  }
-  fastin &read(strn &n) NE {
-    n.clear();
-    char n_;
-    while (!isgraph(n_ = get()));
-    n.push_back(n_);
-    while (isgraph(n_ = get())) n.push_back(n_);
-    return *this;
-  }
-  template <class T, class U>
-  fastin &read(std::pair<T, U> &p) NE { return read(p.first).read(p.second); }
-  template <class... Ts>
-  fastin &read(std::tuple<Ts...> &p) NE {
-    std::apply([&](Ts &...targs) NE { ((read(targs)), ...); }, p);
-    return *this;
-  }
-  fastin &read(container_c auto &p) NE {
-    if (p.begin() == p.end()) return *this;
-    for (auto &i : p) read(i);
-    return *this;
-  }
-  fastin &getline(char *n) NE {
-    char *n_ = n;
-    while (!isprint(*n_ = get()));
-    while (isprint(*(++n_) = get()));
-    *n_ = '\0';
-    return *this;
-  }
-  fastin &getline(strn &n) NE {
-    char n_;
-    while (!isprint(n_ = get()));
-    n.push_back(n_);
-    while (isprint(n_ = get())) n.push_back(n_);
-    return *this;
-  }
-  //! NOT ignore cntrl and space
-  fastin &strict_read(char_c auto &n) NE {
-    n = get();
-    return *this;
-  }
-  template <class T>
-  fastin &operator>>(T &val) NE { return read(val); }
-};
-template <u32 BUF, u32 INTBUF>
-class fastout {
-  FILE *f_ = nullptr;
-  char int_buf[INTBUF], *p_ib = int_buf;
-  char buf[BUF], *p;
-  const char *const ed = buf + BUF;
-
- public:
-  fastout(FILE *f = stdout) NE { rebind(f); }
-  ~fastout() NE { flush(); }
-  void rebind(FILE *f) NE { f_ = f, p = buf; }
-  void flush() NE { fwrite(buf, 1, usz(p - buf), f_), p = buf; }
-  template <char_c T>
-  fastout &write(T n) NE {
-    if (p == ed) [[unlikely]]
-      flush();
-    *(p++) = n;
-    return *this;
-  }
-  fastout &write(const char *n) NE {
-    usz len = strlen(n), l_;
-    const char *n_ = n;
-    while (p + len >= ed) memcpy(p, n_, l_ = usz(ed - p)), p += l_, n_ += l_, len -= l_, flush();
-    memcpy(p, n_, len), p += len;
-    return *this;
-  }
-  template <class T>
-  requires(sint_c<T> && !char_c<T>)
-  fastout &write(T n) NE {
-    if (n < 0) write('-');
-    return write(n < 0 ? -to_uint_t<T>(n) : to_uint_t<T>(n));
-  }
-  template <class T>
-  requires(uint_c<T> && !char_c<T>)
-  fastout &write(T n) NE {
-    if CEXP (sizeof(T) <= 4) {
-      memset(p_ib = int_buf, 0, 11), u32tostr(n, p_ib);
-      return write(p_ib);
-    }
-    p_ib = int_buf + INTBUF - 1;
-    do *(--(p_ib)) = char(n % 10) | '0';
-    while (n /= 10);
-    return write(p_ib);
-  }
-  fastout &write(mint_c auto n) NE { return write(n.val()); }
-  fastout &write(strn CR str) NE { return write(str.c_str()); }
-  template <class T, class U>
-  fastout &write(std::pair<T, U> CR p) NE { return write(p.first).space().write(p.second); }
-  template <class... Ts>
-  fastout &write(std::tuple<Ts...> CR p) NE {
-    std::apply([&](Ts CR... targs) NE { usz n{0}; ((write(targs).space_if(++n != sizeof...(Ts))), ...); }, p);
-    return *this;
-  }
-  fastout &write(container_c auto CR p) NE {
-    if (p.begin() == p.end()) return *this;
-    auto it = p.begin();
-    for (write(*it++); it != p.end(); ++it) space().write(*it);
-    return *this;
-  }
-  fastout &linebreak() NE { return write('\n'); }
-  fastout &linebreak_if(bool flag) NE { return flag ? linebreak() : *this; }
-  fastout &space() NE { return write(' '); }
-  fastout &space_if(bool flag) NE { return flag ? space() : *this; }
-  template <class T>
-  fastout &operator<<(T CR val) NE { return write(val); }
-};
-}  // namespace fastio_impl_
-inline fastio_impl_::fastin<0x200005> fin;
-inline fastio_impl_::fastout<0x200005, 41> fout;
-
-}  // namespace tifa_libs
-
-#endif
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/code/io/fastout.hpp b/src/code/io/fastout.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..930b98d45
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/code/io/fastout.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+#ifndef TIFALIBS_IO_FASTIO
+#define TIFALIBS_IO_FASTIO
+
+#include "../util/traits.hpp"
+
+namespace tifa_libs {
+
+class fastout {
+  CEXP static u32 BUF = 0x200005, INTBUF = 63;
+  FILE *f_ = nullptr;
+  char int_buf[INTBUF];
+  char buf[BUF], *p;
+  const char *const ed = buf + BUF;
+  std::chars_format fmt = std::chars_format::general;
+  int precision = 6;
+
+  fastout &write_str(const char *n, usz len = 0) NE {
+    if (!len) len = strlen(n);
+    usz l_;
+    const char *n_ = n;
+    while (p + len >= ed) memcpy(p, n_, l_ = usz(ed - p)), p += l_, n_ += l_, len -= l_, flush();
+    return memcpy(p, n_, len), p += len, *this;
+  }
+
+ public:
+  fastout(FILE *f = stdout) NE { rebind(f); }
+  ~fastout() NE { flush(); }
+  void rebind(FILE *f) NE { f_ = f, p = buf; }
+  void flush() NE { fwrite(buf, 1, usz(p - buf), f_), p = buf; }
+  fastout &operator<<(char_c auto n) NE {
+    if (p == ed) [[unlikely]]
+      flush();
+    return (*(p++) = n), *this;
+  }
+  fastout &operator<<(const char *n) NE { return write_str(n); }
+  fastout &operator<<(strn CR str) NE { return *this << str.c_str(); }
+  fastout &operator<<(strnv str) NE { return write_str(str.data(), str.size()); }
+  template <class T>
+  requires(std::signed_integral<T> && !char_c<T>)
+  fastout &operator<<(T n) NE {
+    if (n < 0) (*this << '-'), n = -n;
+    return *this << to_uint_t<T>(n);
+  }
+  template <class T>
+  requires(std::unsigned_integral<T> && !char_c<T>)
+  fastout &operator<<(T n) NE {
+    if CEXP (std::same_as<T, bool>) return *this << (char(n | '0'));
+    auto res = std::to_chars(int_buf, int_buf + INTBUF, n);
+    return write_str<true>(int_buf, res.ptr - int_buf);
+  }
+  fastout &operator<<(std::floating_point auto n) NE {
+    auto res = std::to_chars(int_buf, int_buf + INTBUF, n, fmt, precision);
+    return write_str<true>(int_buf, res.ptr - int_buf);
+  }
+  fastout &setf(std::chars_format f) NE { return (fmt = f), *this; }
+  //! only tested in libstdc++
+  fastout &operator<<(decltype(std::setprecision(0)) p) NE { return (precision = *(int *)(&p)), *this; }
+  fastout &operator<<(fastout &(*func)(fastout &)) NE { return func(*this); }
+};
+inline fastout fout;
+inline fastout &scientific(fastout &f) NE { return f.setf(std::chars_format::scientific); }
+inline fastout &fixed(fastout &f) NE { return f.setf(std::chars_format::fixed); }
+inline fastout &hexfloat(fastout &f) NE { return f.setf(std::chars_format::hex); }
+inline fastout &defaultfloat(fastout &f) NE { return f.setf(std::chars_format::general); }
+inline fastout &endl(fastout &f) NE { return (f << '\n').flush(), f; }
+using std::setprecision;
+
+}  // namespace tifa_libs
+
+#endif
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/code/io/ios128.hpp b/src/code/io/ios128.hpp
index a36876a7e..257a68b3e 100644
--- a/src/code/io/ios128.hpp
+++ b/src/code/io/ios128.hpp
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 #ifndef TIFALIBS_IO_IOS128
 #define TIFALIBS_IO_IOS128
 
-#include "../util/util.hpp"
+#include "../util/traits.hpp"
 
-inline std::istream &operator>>(std::istream &is, i128 &n) NE {
+auto &operator>>(tifa_libs::istream_c auto &is, i128 &n) NE {
   bool neg = false;
   while (!neg && !isdigit(is.peek())) {
     if (is.peek() == '-') neg = true;
@@ -14,17 +14,20 @@ inline std::istream &operator>>(std::istream &is, i128 &n) NE {
   if (neg) n = -n;
   return is;
 }
-inline std::istream &operator>>(std::istream &is, u128 &n) NE {
+auto &operator>>(tifa_libs::istream_c auto &is, u128 &n) NE {
   while (!isdigit(is.peek())) is.get();
   n = 0;
   while (isdigit(is.peek())) (n *= 10) += is.get() & 15;
   return is;
 }
-inline std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, u128 n) NE {
-  if (n > 9) os << n / 10;
-  return os << (uint_fast32_t)(n % 10);
+auto &operator<<(tifa_libs::ostream_c auto &os, u128 n) NE {
+  static strn int_buf(40, '\0');
+  auto it = int_buf.end();
+  do *(--(it)) = char(n % 10) | '0';
+  while (n /= 10);
+  return os << int_buf.substr(usz(it - int_buf.begin()));
 }
-inline std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, i128 n) NE {
+auto &operator<<(tifa_libs::ostream_c auto &os, i128 n) NE {
   if (n < 0) os << '-', n = -n;
   return os << (u128)n;
 }
diff --git a/src/code/io/ios_container.hpp b/src/code/io/ios_container.hpp
index 4a0ba93d7..ad79d0af5 100644
--- a/src/code/io/ios_container.hpp
+++ b/src/code/io/ios_container.hpp
@@ -3,14 +3,13 @@
 
 #include "../util/traits.hpp"
 
-template <tifa_libs::container_c T>
-std::istream &operator>>(std::istream &is, T &x) NE {
+auto &operator>>(tifa_libs::istream_c auto &is, tifa_libs::container_c auto &x) NE {
   for (auto &i : x) is >> i;
   return is;
 }
-template <tifa_libs::container_c T>
-std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, T CR x) NE {
-  if (x.begin() == x.end()) return os;
+auto &operator<<(tifa_libs::ostream_c auto &os, tifa_libs::container_c auto CR x) NE {
+  if (x.begin() == x.end()) [[unlikely]]
+    return os;
   auto it = x.begin();
   for (os << *it++; it != x.end(); ++it) os << ' ' << *it;
   return os;
diff --git a/src/code/io/ios_pair.hpp b/src/code/io/ios_pair.hpp
index 0b228f76e..0a559b227 100644
--- a/src/code/io/ios_pair.hpp
+++ b/src/code/io/ios_pair.hpp
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 #ifndef TIFALIBS_IO_IOS_PAIR
 #define TIFALIBS_IO_IOS_PAIR
 
-#include "../util/util.hpp"
+#include "../util/traits.hpp"
 
 template <class T, class U>
-std::istream &operator>>(std::istream &is, std::pair<T, U> &p) NE { return is >> p.first >> p.second; }
+auto &operator>>(tifa_libs::istream_c auto &is, std::pair<T, U> &p) NE { return is >> p.first >> p.second; }
 template <class T, class U>
-std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, std::pair<T, U> CR p) NE { return os << p.first << ' ' << p.second; }
+auto &operator<<(tifa_libs::ostream_c auto &os, std::pair<T, U> CR p) NE { return os << p.first << ' ' << p.second; }
 
 #endif
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/code/io/ios_tuple.hpp b/src/code/io/ios_tuple.hpp
index ab72a9a5e..ed7ffc30e 100644
--- a/src/code/io/ios_tuple.hpp
+++ b/src/code/io/ios_tuple.hpp
@@ -1,15 +1,14 @@
 #ifndef TIFALIBS_IO_IOS_TUPLE
 #define TIFALIBS_IO_IOS_TUPLE
 
-#include "../util/util.hpp"
+#include "../util/traits.hpp"
 
 template <class... Ts>
-std::istream &operator>>(std::istream &is, std::tuple<Ts...> &p) NE {
-  std::apply([&](Ts &...ts) NE { ((is >> ts), ...); }, p);
-  return is;
+auto &operator>>(tifa_libs::istream_c auto &is, std::tuple<Ts...> &p) NE {
+  return std::apply([&](Ts &...ts) NE { ((is >> ts), ...); }, p), is;
 }
 template <class... Ts>
-std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, std::tuple<Ts...> CR p) NE {
+auto &operator<<(tifa_libs::ostream_c auto &os, std::tuple<Ts...> CR p) NE {
   std::apply([&, n = 0](Ts const &...ts) mutable NE { ((os << ts << (++n != sizeof...(Ts) ? " " : "")), ...); }, p);
   return os;
 }
diff --git a/src/code/lalg/bitmat.hpp b/src/code/lalg/bitmat.hpp
index 70153c34f..9e0e4dcb3 100644
--- a/src/code/lalg/bitmat.hpp
+++ b/src/code/lalg/bitmat.hpp
@@ -49,9 +49,9 @@ std::ostream &print_bitmat(std::ostream &os, bitmat<R, C> &bmat, u32 r, u32 c) N
   return os;
 }
 template <usz R, usz C>
-std::istream &operator>>(std::istream &is, bitmat<R, C> &bmat) NE { return read_bitmat(is, bmat, R, C); }
+auto &operator>>(tifa_libs::istream_c auto &is, bitmat<R, C> &bmat) NE { return read_bitmat(is, bmat, R, C); }
 template <usz R, usz C>
-std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, bitmat<R, C> CR bmat) NE { return print_bitmat(os, bmat, R, C); }
+auto &operator<<(tifa_libs::ostream_c auto &os, bitmat<R, C> CR bmat) NE { return print_bitmat(os, bmat, R, C); }
 
 #undef FOR1_
 #undef FOR2_
diff --git a/src/code/lalg/mat.hpp b/src/code/lalg/mat.hpp
index 452753408..759cd78be 100644
--- a/src/code/lalg/mat.hpp
+++ b/src/code/lalg/mat.hpp
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #ifndef TIFALIBS_LALG_MAT
 #define TIFALIBS_LALG_MAT
 
-#include "../util/util.hpp"
+#include "../util/traits.hpp"
 
 namespace tifa_libs::math {
 
@@ -36,12 +36,12 @@ class matrix {
     FOR2_ (i, row_l, row_r, j, col_l, col_r) f(i, j, val = (*this)(i, j)), (*this)(i, j) = val;
   }
 
-  friend std::istream &operator>>(std::istream &is, matrix &mat) NE {
+  friend auto &operator>>(tifa_libs::istream_c auto &is, matrix &mat) NE {
     const u32 r_ = mat.row(), c_ = mat.col();
     FOR2_ (i, 0, r_, j, 0, c_) is >> mat(i, j);
     return is;
   }
-  friend std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, matrix CR mat) NE {
+  friend auto &operator<<(tifa_libs::ostream_c auto &os, matrix CR mat) NE {
     const u32 r_ = mat.row(), c_ = mat.col();
     FOR2_ (i, 0, r_ - 1, j, 0, c_) os << mat(i, j) << " \n"[j + 1 == c_];
     os << mat(r_ - 1, 0);
diff --git a/src/code/math/eint.hpp b/src/code/math/eint.hpp
index fc409a07d..f61d760ae 100644
--- a/src/code/math/eint.hpp
+++ b/src/code/math/eint.hpp
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #ifndef TIFALIBS_MATH_EINT
 #define TIFALIBS_MATH_EINT
 
-#include "../util/util.hpp"
+#include "../util/traits.hpp"
 
 namespace tifa_libs::math {
 
@@ -59,8 +59,8 @@ class eint {
   friend CEXP T norm(eint CR x) NE { return x.norm(); }
   friend CEXP eint conj(eint CR x) NE { return eint{x.r_ - x.i_, -x.i_}; }
   friend CEXP bool operator==(eint CR x, eint CR y) NE { return x.real() == y.real() && x.imag() == y.imag(); }
-  friend std::istream &operator>>(std::istream &is, eint &x) NE { return is >> x.r_ >> x.i_; }
-  friend std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, eint CR x) NE { return os << x.real() << ' ' << x.imag(); }
+  friend auto &operator>>(tifa_libs::istream_c auto &is, eint &x) NE { return is >> x.r_ >> x.i_; }
+  friend auto &operator<<(tifa_libs::ostream_c auto &os, eint CR x) NE { return os << x.real() << ' ' << x.imag(); }
 };
 
 }  // namespace tifa_libs::math
diff --git a/src/code/math/gint.hpp b/src/code/math/gint.hpp
index 5e007c828..333a3bdbd 100644
--- a/src/code/math/gint.hpp
+++ b/src/code/math/gint.hpp
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #ifndef TIFALIBS_MATH_GINT
 #define TIFALIBS_MATH_GINT
 
-#include "../util/util.hpp"
+#include "../util/traits.hpp"
 
 namespace tifa_libs::math {
 
@@ -75,8 +75,8 @@ class gint {
     return m;
   }
   friend CEXP bool operator==(gint CR x, gint CR y) NE { return x.real() == y.real() && x.imag() == y.imag(); }
-  friend std::istream &operator>>(std::istream &is, gint &x) NE { return is >> x.r_ >> x.i_; }
-  friend std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, gint CR x) NE { return os << x.real() << ' ' << x.imag(); }
+  friend auto &operator>>(tifa_libs::istream_c auto &is, gint &x) NE { return is >> x.r_ >> x.i_; }
+  friend auto &operator<<(tifa_libs::ostream_c auto &os, gint CR x) NE { return os << x.real() << ' ' << x.imag(); }
 };
 
 }  // namespace tifa_libs::math
diff --git a/src/code/math/mint.hpp b/src/code/math/mint.hpp
index 4fa6f1546..52a413fd3 100644
--- a/src/code/math/mint.hpp
+++ b/src/code/math/mint.hpp
@@ -44,12 +44,12 @@ struct mint : D<Arg> {
   friend CEXP mint operator/(mint l, mint CR r) NE { return l /= r; }
   friend CEXP bool operator==(mint CR l, mint CR r) NE { return l.val() == r.val(); }
   friend CEXP auto operator<=>(mint CR l, mint CR r) NE { return l.sval() - r.sval(); }
-  friend std::istream &operator>>(std::istream &is, mint &x) NE {
+  friend auto &operator>>(tifa_libs::istream_c auto &is, mint &x) NE {
     i64 _;
     is >> _, x = mint(_);
     return is;
   }
-  friend std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, mint CR x) NE { return os << x.val(); }
+  friend auto &operator<<(tifa_libs::ostream_c auto &os, mint CR x) NE { return os << x.val(); }
   friend CEXP auto abs(mint CR x) NE { return x.val(); }
 };
 
diff --git a/src/code/math/rational.hpp b/src/code/math/rational.hpp
index 5c313948e..db1c307fa 100644
--- a/src/code/math/rational.hpp
+++ b/src/code/math/rational.hpp
@@ -87,8 +87,8 @@ struct rational {
     return _ < 0 ? -1 : _ > 0;
   }
   friend CEXP bool operator==(rational CR x, rational CR y) NE { return x.num == y.num && x.den == y.den; }
-  friend std::istream &operator>>(std::istream &is, rational &x) NE { return is >> x.num >> x.den; }
-  friend std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, rational CR x) NE { return os << x.num << ' ' << x.den; }
+  friend auto &operator>>(tifa_libs::istream_c auto &is, rational &x) NE { return is >> x.num >> x.den; }
+  friend auto &operator<<(tifa_libs::ostream_c auto &os, rational CR x) NE { return os << x.num << ' ' << x.den; }
   template <arithm_c U>
   CEXP U convert_to() CNE { return U(num) / U(den); }
 };
diff --git a/src/code/poly/poly.hpp b/src/code/poly/poly.hpp
index 9c9bd144a..4505f179c 100644
--- a/src/code/poly/poly.hpp
+++ b/src/code/poly/poly.hpp
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #ifndef TIFALIBS_POLY_POLY
 #define TIFALIBS_POLY_POLY
 
-#include "../util/util.hpp"
+#include "../util/traits.hpp"
 
 namespace tifa_libs::math {
 
@@ -27,11 +27,11 @@ struct poly : vec<mint> {
   CEXP poly(itl<val_t> v) NE : data_t(v) {}
   CEXP poly(spn<val_t> v) NE : data_t(v) {}
 
-  friend CEXP std::istream &operator>>(std::istream &is, poly &poly) NE {
+  friend CEXP auto &operator>>(tifa_libs::istream_c auto &is, poly &poly) NE {
     for (auto &val : poly) is >> val;
     return is;
   }
-  friend CEXP std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, poly CR poly) NE {
+  friend CEXP auto &operator<<(tifa_libs::ostream_c auto &os, poly CR poly) NE {
     if (!poly.size()) return os;
     flt_ (u32, i, 1, (u32)poly.size()) os << poly[i - 1] << ' ';
     return os << poly.back();
diff --git a/src/code/util/traits.hpp b/src/code/util/traits.hpp
index 3cca6157f..9f2307fb2 100644
--- a/src/code/util/traits.hpp
+++ b/src/code/util/traits.hpp
@@ -45,6 +45,8 @@ template <class T> concept treew_c = adjlistw_c<T> && requires(T g) { g.root; };
 template <class P> concept tp_ds_c = requires(P p) { p->ch; std::is_array_v<decltype(p->ch)>; std::rank_v<decltype(p->ch)> == 1; };
 // binary tree pointer (for DS)
 template <class P> concept tp2_ds_c = tp_ds_c<P> && std::extent_v<decltype(std::declval<P>()->ch)> == 2;
+template <class T> concept istream_c = requires(T is, T& (*func)(T&)) { { is >> func } -> std::same_as<T&>; };
+template <class T> concept ostream_c = requires(T os, T& (*func)(T&)) { { os << func } -> std::same_as<T&>; };
 
 template <class T> struct to_sint : std::make_signed<T> {};
 template <> struct to_sint<u128> { using type = i128; };
diff --git a/src/doc_md/fast/u32tostr.md b/src/doc_md/fast/u32tostr.md
deleted file mode 100644
index ea9e5aa5b..000000000
--- a/src/doc_md/fast/u32tostr.md
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
----
-title: u32tostr
-documentation_of: //src/code/fast/u32tostr.hpp
----
diff --git a/src/doc_md/io/fastin.md b/src/doc_md/io/fastin.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..54cca15ca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/doc_md/io/fastin.md
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+---
+title: fastin
+documentation_of: //src/code/io/fastin.hpp
+---
+
+Maybe enter a dead loop if EOF occured during reading.
diff --git a/src/doc_md/io/fastio.md b/src/doc_md/io/fastio.md
deleted file mode 100644
index 7eb805e1b..000000000
--- a/src/doc_md/io/fastio.md
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
----
-title: fastio
-documentation_of: //src/code/io/fastio.hpp
----
-
-Maybe enter a dead loop if EOF occured during reading.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/doc_md/io/fastout.md b/src/doc_md/io/fastout.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b6139f2f1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/doc_md/io/fastout.md
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+---
+title: fastout
+documentation_of: //src/code/io/fastout.hpp
+---
diff --git a/src/doc_tex/fast/u32tostr.tex b/src/doc_tex/fast/u32tostr.tex
deleted file mode 100644
index 127b09fa8..000000000
--- a/src/doc_tex/fast/u32tostr.tex
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
-\paragraph{注意}
-
-只能用于小端序的环境
-
-\paragraph{输入}~\\
-
-\verb|num|: 32 位整数
-
-\verb|s|: 出参, 为转换后的字符串
-
-\paragraph{输出}
-
-\verb|s| 的位数
-
-\paragraph{参见}
-
-\qrcode{https://johnnylee-sde.github.io/Fast-unsigned-integer-to-string/}
diff --git a/src/doc_tex/fast/u32tostrhex.tex b/src/doc_tex/fast/u32tostrhex.tex
index fd573cc8a..153ffdce6 100644
--- a/src/doc_tex/fast/u32tostrhex.tex
+++ b/src/doc_tex/fast/u32tostrhex.tex
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+十进制版本的可使用 \verb|std::to_chars|
+
 \paragraph{注意}
 
 只能用于小端序的环境
diff --git a/src/doc_tex/io/fastin.tex b/src/doc_tex/io/fastin.tex
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a700a73f6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/doc_tex/io/fastin.tex
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Linux 下使用 \verb|mmap|, 其它情况下使用 \verb|fread|
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/doc_tex/io/fastio.tex b/src/doc_tex/io/fastio.tex
deleted file mode 100644
index 12f64579b..000000000
--- a/src/doc_tex/io/fastio.tex
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-对于 \verb|fastin|: Linux 下使用 \verb|mmap|, 其它情况下使用 \verb|fread|, 使用 \verb|mmap| 时模板参数无效且没有数组越界保护
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/doc_tex/io/fastout.tex b/src/doc_tex/io/fastout.tex
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2199f59d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/doc_tex/io/fastout.tex
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+输出整数时也许比 \verb|std::cout| 快
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/meta_test/library-checker-convolution/bitwise_and_convolution.cppmeta b/src/meta_test/library-checker-convolution/bitwise_and_convolution.cppmeta
index 95e87da5c..cd3ce0189 100644
--- a/src/meta_test/library-checker-convolution/bitwise_and_convolution.cppmeta
+++ b/src/meta_test/library-checker-convolution/bitwise_and_convolution.cppmeta
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/bitwise_and_convolution"
 
 #include "../../code/conv/conv_and.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/ios_container.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/meta_test/library-checker-convolution/bitwise_xor_convolution.cppmeta b/src/meta_test/library-checker-convolution/bitwise_xor_convolution.cppmeta
index 6effe3979..b987fd0d6 100644
--- a/src/meta_test/library-checker-convolution/bitwise_xor_convolution.cppmeta
+++ b/src/meta_test/library-checker-convolution/bitwise_xor_convolution.cppmeta
@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/bitwise_xor_convolution"
 
 #include "../../code/conv/conv_xor.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/math/mint_d31.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/ios_container.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/meta_test/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.cppmeta b/src/meta_test/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.cppmeta
index b1fbaf1b7..38910f13f 100644
--- a/src/meta_test/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.cppmeta
+++ b/src/meta_test/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.cppmeta
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/convolution_mod"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/ios_container.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/meta_test/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.cppmeta b/src/meta_test/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.cppmeta
index 02fc2a7aa..7c560a016 100644
--- a/src/meta_test/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.cppmeta
+++ b/src/meta_test/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.cppmeta
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/convolution_mod_1000000007"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/ios_container.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 1000000007;
 
diff --git a/src/meta_test/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_large.cppmeta b/src/meta_test/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_large.cppmeta
index 1f3699de1..ccabb58c4 100644
--- a/src/meta_test/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_large.cppmeta
+++ b/src/meta_test/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_large.cppmeta
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/convolution_mod_large"
 
 #include "../../code/conv/conv_ntt_large.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/ios_container.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/meta_test/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/bell_number.cppmeta b/src/meta_test/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/bell_number.cppmeta
index b2422f97c..a3f911999 100644
--- a/src/meta_test/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/bell_number.cppmeta
+++ b/src/meta_test/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/bell_number.cppmeta
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/bell_number"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_bell.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/meta_test/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/partition_function.cppmeta b/src/meta_test/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/partition_function.cppmeta
index bc385e68e..c0c97c2dc 100644
--- a/src/meta_test/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/partition_function.cppmeta
+++ b/src/meta_test/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/partition_function.cppmeta
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/partition_function"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_partition.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/meta_test/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/q_binomial_coefficient_prime_mod.cppmeta b/src/meta_test/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/q_binomial_coefficient_prime_mod.cppmeta
index f57bceb9a..17eeca406 100644
--- a/src/meta_test/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/q_binomial_coefficient_prime_mod.cppmeta
+++ b/src/meta_test/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/q_binomial_coefficient_prime_mod.cppmeta
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/q_binomial_coefficient_prime_mod"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/qbinom.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/meta_test/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/sharp_p_subset_sum.cppmeta b/src/meta_test/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/sharp_p_subset_sum.cppmeta
index ab407e085..a222c6f46 100644
--- a/src/meta_test/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/sharp_p_subset_sum.cppmeta
+++ b/src/meta_test/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/sharp_p_subset_sum.cppmeta
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/sharp_p_subset_sum"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/ios_container.hpp"
 #include "../../code/math/ssts_pim_cnt.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
@@ -15,7 +17,6 @@ int main() {
   vecu s(n);
   tifa_libs::fin >> s;
   auto v = tifa_libs::math::ssts_pim_cnt<poly>(s, t);
-  flt_ (u32, i, 1, t + 1) tifa_libs::fout.write(v[i]).space_if(i != t);
-  tifa_libs::fout.linebreak();
+  flt_ (u32, i, 1, t + 1) tifa_libs::fout << v[i] << " \n"[i == t];
   return 0;
 }
diff --git a/src/meta_test/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.cppmeta b/src/meta_test/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.cppmeta
index 0a602f6f8..e11e00dae 100644
--- a/src/meta_test/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.cppmeta
+++ b/src/meta_test/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.cppmeta
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_stirling1_row.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/meta_test/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind_fixed_k.cppmeta b/src/meta_test/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind_fixed_k.cppmeta
index 82d7c9292..ad1c31b22 100644
--- a/src/meta_test/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind_fixed_k.cppmeta
+++ b/src/meta_test/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind_fixed_k.cppmeta
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind_fixed_k"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_stirling1_col.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/meta_test/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.cppmeta b/src/meta_test/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.cppmeta
index e618c3dee..e01d2f105 100644
--- a/src/meta_test/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.cppmeta
+++ b/src/meta_test/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.cppmeta
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_stirling2_row.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/meta_test/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k.cppmeta b/src/meta_test/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k.cppmeta
index 0ac440163..a3a1dd5dc 100644
--- a/src/meta_test/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k.cppmeta
+++ b/src/meta_test/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k.cppmeta
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_stirling2_col.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/meta_test/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.cppmeta b/src/meta_test/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.cppmeta
index bece386fc..59480b639 100644
--- a/src/meta_test/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.cppmeta
+++ b/src/meta_test/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.cppmeta
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/bernoulli_number"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_bernoulli.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/composition_of_formal_power_series.cppmeta b/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/composition_of_formal_power_series.cppmeta
index 63cc10bdd..2e62bd395 100644
--- a/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/composition_of_formal_power_series.cppmeta
+++ b/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/composition_of_formal_power_series.cppmeta
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/composition_of_formal_power_series"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/comp_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/composition_of_formal_power_series_large.cppmeta b/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/composition_of_formal_power_series_large.cppmeta
index a67c89f05..a176f8258 100644
--- a/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/composition_of_formal_power_series_large.cppmeta
+++ b/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/composition_of_formal_power_series_large.cppmeta
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/composition_of_formal_power_series_large"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/comp_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/compositional_inverse_of_formal_power_series.cppmeta b/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/compositional_inverse_of_formal_power_series.cppmeta
index 5e8bcde3b..f217f2b16 100644
--- a/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/compositional_inverse_of_formal_power_series.cppmeta
+++ b/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/compositional_inverse_of_formal_power_series.cppmeta
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/compositional_inverse_of_formal_power_series"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/compinv_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/compositional_inverse_of_formal_power_series_large.cppmeta b/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/compositional_inverse_of_formal_power_series_large.cppmeta
index 8fc87d74a..c78e82c9f 100644
--- a/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/compositional_inverse_of_formal_power_series_large.cppmeta
+++ b/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/compositional_inverse_of_formal_power_series_large.cppmeta
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/compositional_inverse_of_formal_power_series_large"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/compinv_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/conversion_from_monomial_basis_to_newton_basis.cppmeta b/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/conversion_from_monomial_basis_to_newton_basis.cppmeta
index 09d3087ef..f61259202 100644
--- a/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/conversion_from_monomial_basis_to_newton_basis.cppmeta
+++ b/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/conversion_from_monomial_basis_to_newton_basis.cppmeta
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/conversion_from_monomial_basis_to_newton_basis"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/cbm2n_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/division_of_polynomials.cppmeta b/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/division_of_polynomials.cppmeta
index 514738a62..2e1b1c3a3 100644
--- a/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/division_of_polynomials.cppmeta
+++ b/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/division_of_polynomials.cppmeta
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/division_of_polynomials"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/divmod_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series.cppmeta b/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series.cppmeta
index 61ccd053e..2139a0038 100644
--- a/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series.cppmeta
+++ b/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series.cppmeta
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/exp_of_formal_power_series"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/exp_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.cppmeta b/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.cppmeta
index e5fb69e82..2e46c7bf8 100644
--- a/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.cppmeta
+++ b/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.cppmeta
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/exp_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series.cppmeta b/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series.cppmeta
index 64d7839e9..17ce826ca 100644
--- a/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series.cppmeta
+++ b/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series.cppmeta
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/inv_of_formal_power_series"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/inv_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.cppmeta b/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.cppmeta
index 7b517211a..676bd0215 100644
--- a/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.cppmeta
+++ b/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.cppmeta
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/inv_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_polynomials.cppmeta b/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_polynomials.cppmeta
index 61c409da2..a594b9add 100644
--- a/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_polynomials.cppmeta
+++ b/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_polynomials.cppmeta
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/inv_of_polynomials"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/modinv_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series.cppmeta b/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series.cppmeta
index 1169b3d23..86d9a3bd8 100644
--- a/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series.cppmeta
+++ b/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series.cppmeta
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/log_of_formal_power_series"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/ln_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.cppmeta b/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.cppmeta
index 19e3f23f5..81355a7af 100644
--- a/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.cppmeta
+++ b/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.cppmeta
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/ln_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.cppmeta b/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.cppmeta
index 1eb1f0813..e6bf19c23 100644
--- a/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.cppmeta
+++ b/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.cppmeta
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/multipoint_evaluation"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/mpe_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.cppmeta b/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.cppmeta
index ef3a83153..8457714c4 100644
--- a/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.cppmeta
+++ b/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.cppmeta
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/czt_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_interpolation.cppmeta b/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_interpolation.cppmeta
index 162d90f23..c6dbccc67 100644
--- a/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_interpolation.cppmeta
+++ b/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_interpolation.cppmeta
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/polynomial_interpolation"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/interp_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.cppmeta b/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.cppmeta
index 24dc3340c..c39a154df 100644
--- a/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.cppmeta
+++ b/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.cppmeta
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/polynomial_taylor_shift"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/tsh_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series.cppmeta b/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series.cppmeta
index 9bd8f708d..2280324b9 100644
--- a/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series.cppmeta
+++ b/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series.cppmeta
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/pow_of_formal_power_series"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/pow_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.cppmeta b/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.cppmeta
index 1bbdf0533..e33fd8b81 100644
--- a/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.cppmeta
+++ b/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.cppmeta
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/pow_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.cppmeta b/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.cppmeta
index 254fca69d..101a3151f 100644
--- a/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.cppmeta
+++ b/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.cppmeta
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/ctsh_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/sqrt_of_formal_power_series.cppmeta b/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/sqrt_of_formal_power_series.cppmeta
index 5561511ba..63bef5da5 100644
--- a/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/sqrt_of_formal_power_series.cppmeta
+++ b/src/meta_test/library-checker-polynomial/sqrt_of_formal_power_series.cppmeta
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/sqrt_of_formal_power_series"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/sqrt_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/meta_test/library-checker-set_power_series/exp_of_set_power_series.cppmeta b/src/meta_test/library-checker-set_power_series/exp_of_set_power_series.cppmeta
index d5bf96db4..de74f3c1b 100644
--- a/src/meta_test/library-checker-set_power_series/exp_of_set_power_series.cppmeta
+++ b/src/meta_test/library-checker-set_power_series/exp_of_set_power_series.cppmeta
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/exp_of_set_power_series"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/exp_fpssps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/meta_test/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.cppmeta b/src/meta_test/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.cppmeta
index 5ea721fd3..a2bf61f50 100644
--- a/src/meta_test/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.cppmeta
+++ b/src/meta_test/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.cppmeta
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/polynomial_composite_set_power_series"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/comp_fpssps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/meta_test/library-checker-set_power_series/subset_convolution.cppmeta b/src/meta_test/library-checker-set_power_series/subset_convolution.cppmeta
index f4a9636f8..a471488d9 100644
--- a/src/meta_test/library-checker-set_power_series/subset_convolution.cppmeta
+++ b/src/meta_test/library-checker-set_power_series/subset_convolution.cppmeta
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/subset_convolution"
 
 #include "../../code/conv/conv_subset.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/meta_test/library-checker-string/runenumerate.cppmeta b/src/meta_test/library-checker-string/runenumerate.cppmeta
index dcc234c8f..16e65550d 100644
--- a/src/meta_test/library-checker-string/runenumerate.cppmeta
+++ b/src/meta_test/library-checker-string/runenumerate.cppmeta
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/runenumerate/"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/str/run_hash.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/meta_test/library-checker-string/zalgorithm.cppmeta b/src/meta_test/library-checker-string/zalgorithm.cppmeta
index 2e986c870..a8dce9012 100644
--- a/src/meta_test/library-checker-string/zalgorithm.cppmeta
+++ b/src/meta_test/library-checker-string/zalgorithm.cppmeta
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/zalgorithm"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/str/lcpf_hash.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/aizu-ntl/ntl_1_a.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/aizu-ntl/ntl_1_a.test.cpp
index 73ea0bd94..c5764cad8 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/aizu-ntl/ntl_1_a.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/aizu-ntl/ntl_1_a.test.cpp
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://onlinejudge.u-aizu.ac.jp/courses/library/6/NTL/all/NTL_1_A"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/nt/pfactors.hpp"
 
 int main() {
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/aizu-ntl/ntl_1_c.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/aizu-ntl/ntl_1_c.test.cpp
index 3fdccfe13..449bd86cc 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/aizu-ntl/ntl_1_c.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/aizu-ntl/ntl_1_c.test.cpp
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://onlinejudge.u-aizu.ac.jp/courses/library/6/NTL/all/NTL_1_C"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/nt/lcm.hpp"
 #include "../../code/nt/rgcd.hpp"
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/bitwise_and_convolution.mintd-d31.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/bitwise_and_convolution.mintd-d31.test.cpp
index b50afe4c9..ec28b2235 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/bitwise_and_convolution.mintd-d31.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/bitwise_and_convolution.mintd-d31.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,9 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/bitwise_and_convolution"
 
 #include "../../code/conv/conv_and.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/ios_container.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/bitwise_and_convolution.mintd-d63.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/bitwise_and_convolution.mintd-d63.test.cpp
index 7bb3dd012..affe4326c 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/bitwise_and_convolution.mintd-d63.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/bitwise_and_convolution.mintd-d63.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,9 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/bitwise_and_convolution"
 
 #include "../../code/conv/conv_and.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/ios_container.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/bitwise_and_convolution.mints-s30.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/bitwise_and_convolution.mints-s30.test.cpp
index 96b49b7b3..f41c0e623 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/bitwise_and_convolution.mints-s30.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/bitwise_and_convolution.mints-s30.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,9 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/bitwise_and_convolution"
 
 #include "../../code/conv/conv_and.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/ios_container.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/bitwise_and_convolution.mints-s63.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/bitwise_and_convolution.mints-s63.test.cpp
index b59b3029c..8fa6ff1c7 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/bitwise_and_convolution.mints-s63.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/bitwise_and_convolution.mints-s63.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,9 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/bitwise_and_convolution"
 
 #include "../../code/conv/conv_and.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/ios_container.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/bitwise_xor_convolution.mintd-d31.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/bitwise_xor_convolution.mintd-d31.test.cpp
index 1e1de1913..b1bd6a3b0 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/bitwise_xor_convolution.mintd-d31.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/bitwise_xor_convolution.mintd-d31.test.cpp
@@ -2,8 +2,10 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/bitwise_xor_convolution"
 
 #include "../../code/conv/conv_xor.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/math/mint_d31.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/ios_container.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/bitwise_xor_convolution.mintd-d63.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/bitwise_xor_convolution.mintd-d63.test.cpp
index c19e26ccc..d8f498173 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/bitwise_xor_convolution.mintd-d63.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/bitwise_xor_convolution.mintd-d63.test.cpp
@@ -2,8 +2,10 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/bitwise_xor_convolution"
 
 #include "../../code/conv/conv_xor.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/math/mint_d31.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/ios_container.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/bitwise_xor_convolution.mints-s30.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/bitwise_xor_convolution.mints-s30.test.cpp
index 5dbfc19a7..8cf8c0e4e 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/bitwise_xor_convolution.mints-s30.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/bitwise_xor_convolution.mints-s30.test.cpp
@@ -2,8 +2,10 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/bitwise_xor_convolution"
 
 #include "../../code/conv/conv_xor.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/math/mint_d31.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/ios_container.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/bitwise_xor_convolution.mints-s63.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/bitwise_xor_convolution.mints-s63.test.cpp
index 5d054f588..8f89cee51 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/bitwise_xor_convolution.mints-s63.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/bitwise_xor_convolution.mints-s63.test.cpp
@@ -2,8 +2,10 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/bitwise_xor_convolution"
 
 #include "../../code/conv/conv_xor.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/math/mint_d31.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/ios_container.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mintd-d31.conv_anymod-mtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mintd-d31.conv_anymod-mtt.test.cpp
index 22121bc90..c2579de8b 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mintd-d31.conv_anymod-mtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mintd-d31.conv_anymod-mtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/convolution_mod"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/ios_container.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mintd-d31.mints-s30.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mintd-d31.mints-s30.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp
index 5d60f3c89..97613a240 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mintd-d31.mints-s30.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mintd-d31.mints-s30.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/convolution_mod"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/ios_container.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mintd-d31.mints-s63.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mintd-d31.mints-s63.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp
index 9e0574fcd..b1234fbb4 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mintd-d31.mints-s63.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mintd-d31.mints-s63.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/convolution_mod"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/ios_container.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mintd-d63.conv_anymod-mtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mintd-d63.conv_anymod-mtt.test.cpp
index 6251bbb84..22955c2f4 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mintd-d63.conv_anymod-mtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mintd-d63.conv_anymod-mtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/convolution_mod"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/ios_container.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mintd-d63.mints-s30.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mintd-d63.mints-s30.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp
index 2f1ce2ae4..0555f605b 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mintd-d63.mints-s30.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mintd-d63.mints-s30.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/convolution_mod"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/ios_container.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mintd-d63.mints-s63.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mintd-d63.mints-s63.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp
index 4a48b4779..505bf5926 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mintd-d63.mints-s63.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mintd-d63.mints-s63.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/convolution_mod"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/ios_container.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mints-s30.conv_anymod-3nttu64.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mints-s30.conv_anymod-3nttu64.test.cpp
index 46f7824c7..ba392fc42 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mints-s30.conv_anymod-3nttu64.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mints-s30.conv_anymod-3nttu64.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/convolution_mod"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/ios_container.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mints-s30.conv_anymod-mtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mints-s30.conv_anymod-mtt.test.cpp
index c970adf60..c94196c29 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mints-s30.conv_anymod-mtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mints-s30.conv_anymod-mtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/convolution_mod"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/ios_container.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mints-s30.conv_nttmod-ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mints-s30.conv_nttmod-ntt.test.cpp
index a2478d474..78df49516 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mints-s30.conv_nttmod-ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mints-s30.conv_nttmod-ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/convolution_mod"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/ios_container.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mints-s30.mints-s30.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mints-s30.mints-s30.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp
index 056d473b6..cbccf54d2 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mints-s30.mints-s30.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mints-s30.mints-s30.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/convolution_mod"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/ios_container.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mints-s30.mints-s63.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mints-s30.mints-s63.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp
index bd35809e2..368199779 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mints-s30.mints-s63.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mints-s30.mints-s63.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/convolution_mod"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/ios_container.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.conv_nttmod-czt_nttmod.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.conv_nttmod-czt_nttmod.test.cpp
index 5a1cc4492..08372ea99 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.conv_nttmod-czt_nttmod.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.conv_nttmod-czt_nttmod.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/convolution_mod"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/ios_container.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mints-s63.conv_anymod-3nttu64.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mints-s63.conv_anymod-3nttu64.test.cpp
index 1f2b70db2..72f98011d 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mints-s63.conv_anymod-3nttu64.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mints-s63.conv_anymod-3nttu64.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/convolution_mod"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/ios_container.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mints-s63.conv_anymod-mtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mints-s63.conv_anymod-mtt.test.cpp
index b25cf91db..0ac273106 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mints-s63.conv_anymod-mtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mints-s63.conv_anymod-mtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/convolution_mod"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/ios_container.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mints-s63.conv_nttmod-ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mints-s63.conv_nttmod-ntt.test.cpp
index 97e775bfc..c990f783d 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mints-s63.conv_nttmod-ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mints-s63.conv_nttmod-ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/convolution_mod"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/ios_container.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mints-s63.mints-s30.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mints-s63.mints-s30.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp
index 5119ba7cb..eccf22ef1 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mints-s63.mints-s30.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mints-s63.mints-s30.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/convolution_mod"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/ios_container.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mints-s63.mints-s63.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mints-s63.mints-s63.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp
index e0109ed88..1c761af43 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mints-s63.mints-s63.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mints-s63.mints-s63.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/convolution_mod"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/ios_container.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.conv_nttmod-czt_nttmod.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.conv_nttmod-czt_nttmod.test.cpp
index 4455b9f49..0151f39c8 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.conv_nttmod-czt_nttmod.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.conv_nttmod-czt_nttmod.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/convolution_mod"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/ios_container.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mintd-d31.conv_anymod-mtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mintd-d31.conv_anymod-mtt.test.cpp
index 606870557..13921227e 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mintd-d31.conv_anymod-mtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mintd-d31.conv_anymod-mtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/convolution_mod_1000000007"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/ios_container.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 1000000007;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mintd-d31.mints-s30.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mintd-d31.mints-s30.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp
index 1454eb923..9b9a37b74 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mintd-d31.mints-s30.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mintd-d31.mints-s30.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/convolution_mod_1000000007"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/ios_container.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 1000000007;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mintd-d31.mints-s63.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mintd-d31.mints-s63.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp
index 86814ef3a..b44d14f10 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mintd-d31.mints-s63.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mintd-d31.mints-s63.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/convolution_mod_1000000007"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/ios_container.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 1000000007;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mintd-d63.conv_anymod-mtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mintd-d63.conv_anymod-mtt.test.cpp
index 1aa019fd5..0544c4754 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mintd-d63.conv_anymod-mtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mintd-d63.conv_anymod-mtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/convolution_mod_1000000007"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/ios_container.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 1000000007;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mintd-d63.mints-s30.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mintd-d63.mints-s30.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp
index 942319b32..c05aa6ecf 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mintd-d63.mints-s30.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mintd-d63.mints-s30.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/convolution_mod_1000000007"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/ios_container.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 1000000007;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mintd-d63.mints-s63.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mintd-d63.mints-s63.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp
index 9ddd64ac1..bceed56b7 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mintd-d63.mints-s63.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mintd-d63.mints-s63.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/convolution_mod_1000000007"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/ios_container.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 1000000007;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mints-s30.conv_anymod-3nttu64.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mints-s30.conv_anymod-3nttu64.test.cpp
index 20b5ff01f..a8e581c44 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mints-s30.conv_anymod-3nttu64.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mints-s30.conv_anymod-3nttu64.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/convolution_mod_1000000007"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/ios_container.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 1000000007;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mints-s30.conv_anymod-mtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mints-s30.conv_anymod-mtt.test.cpp
index 2d3830c9f..a8f8fd11c 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mints-s30.conv_anymod-mtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mints-s30.conv_anymod-mtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/convolution_mod_1000000007"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/ios_container.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 1000000007;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mints-s30.mints-s30.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mints-s30.mints-s30.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp
index 20bc0b615..b3c475b87 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mints-s30.mints-s30.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mints-s30.mints-s30.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/convolution_mod_1000000007"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/ios_container.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 1000000007;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mints-s30.mints-s63.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mints-s30.mints-s63.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp
index 8b37ab384..53249577c 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mints-s30.mints-s63.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mints-s30.mints-s63.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/convolution_mod_1000000007"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/ios_container.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 1000000007;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mints-s63.conv_anymod-3nttu64.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mints-s63.conv_anymod-3nttu64.test.cpp
index 1a0b7f54b..32e909c51 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mints-s63.conv_anymod-3nttu64.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mints-s63.conv_anymod-3nttu64.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/convolution_mod_1000000007"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/ios_container.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 1000000007;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mints-s63.conv_anymod-mtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mints-s63.conv_anymod-mtt.test.cpp
index ca3bc5072..e1e6ad4c2 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mints-s63.conv_anymod-mtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mints-s63.conv_anymod-mtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/convolution_mod_1000000007"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/ios_container.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 1000000007;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mints-s63.mints-s30.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mints-s63.mints-s30.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp
index 18879f361..bed68089f 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mints-s63.mints-s30.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mints-s63.mints-s30.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/convolution_mod_1000000007"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/ios_container.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 1000000007;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mints-s63.mints-s63.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mints-s63.mints-s63.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp
index 9f2600154..43bb63f86 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mints-s63.mints-s63.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_1000000007.mints-s63.mints-s63.conv_anymod-3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/convolution_mod_1000000007"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/ios_container.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 1000000007;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_2_64.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_2_64.test.cpp
index b625a8a97..59faf7a8f 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_2_64.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_2_64.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/convolution_mod_2_64"
 
 #include "../../code/conv/conv_u64.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/ios_container.hpp"
 
 int main() {
   u32 n, m;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_large.mints-s30.conv_large-ntt_large.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_large.mints-s30.conv_large-ntt_large.test.cpp
index 38dab22b6..a6a235a5e 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_large.mints-s30.conv_large-ntt_large.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_large.mints-s30.conv_large-ntt_large.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,9 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/convolution_mod_large"
 
 #include "../../code/conv/conv_ntt_large.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/ios_container.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_large.mints-s63.conv_large-ntt_large.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_large.mints-s63.conv_large-ntt_large.test.cpp
index d41800f41..20866fc74 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_large.mints-s63.conv_large-ntt_large.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-convolution/convolution_mod_large.mints-s63.conv_large-ntt_large.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,9 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/convolution_mod_large"
 
 #include "../../code/conv/conv_ntt_large.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/ios_container.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-datastructure/dynamic_sequence_range_affine_range_sum.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-datastructure/dynamic_sequence_range_affine_range_sum.test.cpp
index 0d6d9afe6..206658f59 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-datastructure/dynamic_sequence_range_affine_range_sum.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-datastructure/dynamic_sequence_range_affine_range_sum.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/dynamic_sequence_range_affine_range_sum"
 
 #include "../../code/ds/fhq_treap_w.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/math/mint.hpp"
 #include "../../code/math/mint_s30.hpp"
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-datastructure/ordered_set.fhq_treap.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-datastructure/ordered_set.fhq_treap.test.cpp
index f8c06ecb9..1a5b919c4 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-datastructure/ordered_set.fhq_treap.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-datastructure/ordered_set.fhq_treap.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/ordered_set"
 
 #include "../../code/ds/fhq_treap.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 int main() {
   u32 n, q;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-datastructure/ordered_set.rbtree.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-datastructure/ordered_set.rbtree.test.cpp
index cc0397d21..53442e881 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-datastructure/ordered_set.rbtree.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-datastructure/ordered_set.rbtree.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/ordered_set"
 
 #include "../../code/ds/rbtree.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 int main() {
   u32 n, q;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-datastructure/range_chmin_chmax_add_range_sum.segbeats_ca_ms.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-datastructure/range_chmin_chmax_add_range_sum.segbeats_ca_ms.test.cpp
index e8b041cd0..6d4cfc42f 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-datastructure/range_chmin_chmax_add_range_sum.segbeats_ca_ms.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-datastructure/range_chmin_chmax_add_range_sum.segbeats_ca_ms.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/range_chmin_chmax_add_range_sum"
 
 #include "../../code/ds/segbeats_ca_ms.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/ios128.hpp"
 
 int main() {
   u32 n, q;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-datastructure/range_kth_smallest.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-datastructure/range_kth_smallest.test.cpp
index 1bb8e3d75..5f6acadfb 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-datastructure/range_kth_smallest.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-datastructure/range_kth_smallest.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 
 #include "../../code/ds/persistent_segtree.hpp"
 #include "../../code/edh/discretization.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 int main() {
   u32 n, q;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-datastructure/segment_add_get_min.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-datastructure/segment_add_get_min.test.cpp
index 13d80a73b..be15a865d 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-datastructure/segment_add_get_min.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-datastructure/segment_add_get_min.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 
 #include "../../code/ds/lichao_segtree.hpp"
 #include "../../code/edh/discretization.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 i64 op(i64 x, i64 y) { return tifa_libs::min(x, y); }
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/bell_number.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/bell_number.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index 81b3c407d..bd5cab06b 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/bell_number.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/bell_number.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/bell_number"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_bell.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/bell_number.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/bell_number.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index f4cae8eb3..60f972bf8 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/bell_number.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/bell_number.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/bell_number"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_bell.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/binomial_coefficient.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/binomial_coefficient.test.cpp
index 60c338529..9538b5edc 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/binomial_coefficient.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/binomial_coefficient.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/binomial_coefficient"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/exlucas.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 int main() {
   u32 t, m;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/binomial_coefficient_prime_mod.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/binomial_coefficient_prime_mod.test.cpp
index 89aaf81de..acf363491 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/binomial_coefficient_prime_mod.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/binomial_coefficient_prime_mod.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/binomial_coefficient_prime_mod"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/binom.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/math/mint.hpp"
 #include "../../code/math/mint_d31.hpp"
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/partition_function.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/partition_function.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 10fd30fe7..e08f33be7 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/partition_function.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/partition_function.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/partition_function"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_partition.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/partition_function.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/partition_function.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 6b7b888c7..cc1a717be 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/partition_function.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/partition_function.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/partition_function"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_partition.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/partition_function.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/partition_function.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index dca7b17f5..e80304f20 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/partition_function.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/partition_function.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/partition_function"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_partition.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/partition_function.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/partition_function.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index 4512b7411..ea37dd932 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/partition_function.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/partition_function.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/partition_function"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_partition.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/partition_function.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/partition_function.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index cecdb5f6d..71b598e0d 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/partition_function.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/partition_function.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/partition_function"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_partition.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/partition_function.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/partition_function.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 7c57c86dd..615dcb0d8 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/partition_function.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/partition_function.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/partition_function"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_partition.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/partition_function.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/partition_function.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index 6d8f74724..251102663 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/partition_function.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/partition_function.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/partition_function"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_partition.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/partition_function.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/partition_function.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index 18e5f9462..cd4c41426 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/partition_function.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/partition_function.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/partition_function"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_partition.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/partition_function.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/partition_function.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index 92d344751..d76398980 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/partition_function.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/partition_function.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/partition_function"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_partition.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/partition_function.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/partition_function.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index 6f63972b2..2549cfe15 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/partition_function.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/partition_function.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/partition_function"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_partition.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/q_binomial_coefficient_prime_mod.mintd-d31.factorial-fact_helper.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/q_binomial_coefficient_prime_mod.mintd-d31.factorial-fact_helper.test.cpp
index 4e85793f8..ff752e079 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/q_binomial_coefficient_prime_mod.mintd-d31.factorial-fact_helper.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/q_binomial_coefficient_prime_mod.mintd-d31.factorial-fact_helper.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/q_binomial_coefficient_prime_mod"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/qbinom.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/q_binomial_coefficient_prime_mod.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.factorial-factl_helper.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/q_binomial_coefficient_prime_mod.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.factorial-factl_helper.test.cpp
index d2e2094ea..9b5cfa047 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/q_binomial_coefficient_prime_mod.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.factorial-factl_helper.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/q_binomial_coefficient_prime_mod.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.factorial-factl_helper.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/q_binomial_coefficient_prime_mod"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/qbinom.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/q_binomial_coefficient_prime_mod.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.factorial-factl_helper.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/q_binomial_coefficient_prime_mod.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.factorial-factl_helper.test.cpp
index 9a3bc8c94..41316b1cb 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/q_binomial_coefficient_prime_mod.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.factorial-factl_helper.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/q_binomial_coefficient_prime_mod.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.factorial-factl_helper.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/q_binomial_coefficient_prime_mod"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/qbinom.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/q_binomial_coefficient_prime_mod.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.factorial-factl_helper.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/q_binomial_coefficient_prime_mod.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.factorial-factl_helper.test.cpp
index 07bfe9dec..b95b97ed0 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/q_binomial_coefficient_prime_mod.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.factorial-factl_helper.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/q_binomial_coefficient_prime_mod.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.factorial-factl_helper.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/q_binomial_coefficient_prime_mod"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/qbinom.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/sharp_p_subset_sum.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/sharp_p_subset_sum.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index e19cbfdc2..09eebab13 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/sharp_p_subset_sum.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/sharp_p_subset_sum.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/sharp_p_subset_sum"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/ios_container.hpp"
 #include "../../code/math/ssts_pim_cnt.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
@@ -19,7 +21,6 @@ int main() {
   vecu s(n);
   tifa_libs::fin >> s;
   auto v = tifa_libs::math::ssts_pim_cnt<poly>(s, t);
-  flt_ (u32, i, 1, t + 1) tifa_libs::fout.write(v[i]).space_if(i != t);
-  tifa_libs::fout.linebreak();
+  flt_ (u32, i, 1, t + 1) tifa_libs::fout << v[i] << " \n"[i == t];
   return 0;
 }
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/sharp_p_subset_sum.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/sharp_p_subset_sum.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index 7d9c556b0..33dd8c9bc 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/sharp_p_subset_sum.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/sharp_p_subset_sum.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/sharp_p_subset_sum"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/ios_container.hpp"
 #include "../../code/math/ssts_pim_cnt.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
@@ -19,7 +21,6 @@ int main() {
   vecu s(n);
   tifa_libs::fin >> s;
   auto v = tifa_libs::math::ssts_pim_cnt<poly>(s, t);
-  flt_ (u32, i, 1, t + 1) tifa_libs::fout.write(v[i]).space_if(i != t);
-  tifa_libs::fout.linebreak();
+  flt_ (u32, i, 1, t + 1) tifa_libs::fout << v[i] << " \n"[i == t];
   return 0;
 }
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 2c5dff6ee..1ace56c69 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_stirling1_row.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 4d37ac26d..b0454445f 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_stirling1_row.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index 05de947e9..77d6bc115 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_stirling1_row.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mintd-d63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mintd-d63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index b84004014..83f3511e2 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mintd-d63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mintd-d63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_stirling1_row.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mintd-d63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mintd-d63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index a4017109c..b23c538d5 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mintd-d63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mintd-d63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_stirling1_row.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index 9791465b1..202ea2a7a 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_stirling1_row.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 8172b2f20..388757b15 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_stirling1_row.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index a4b11e387..25d2204dc 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_stirling1_row.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index 0f7e64bf2..96c397416 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_stirling1_row.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index edf0d4d02..1a0d9a939 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_stirling1_row.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mints-s63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mints-s63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 12bdb5ad3..de305aed9 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mints-s63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mints-s63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_stirling1_row.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mints-s63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mints-s63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index d329f0ddd..c662eede1 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mints-s63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mints-s63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_stirling1_row.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index 0547bff58..863f5d2cc 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_stirling1_row.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index 11e442606..984913153 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_stirling1_row.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind_fixed_k.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind_fixed_k.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index 2e95616a5..14f53c7a0 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind_fixed_k.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind_fixed_k.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind_fixed_k"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_stirling1_col.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind_fixed_k.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind_fixed_k.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index e908f8d57..780e9dea2 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind_fixed_k.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind_fixed_k.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/stirling_number_of_the_first_kind_fixed_k"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_stirling1_col.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 8b840d5f8..44556e91a 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_stirling2_row.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 8e2277bd9..97b903984 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_stirling2_row.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index b4a7fcfbd..1c1913922 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_stirling2_row.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mintd-d63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mintd-d63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 2a821999e..be828b98f 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mintd-d63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mintd-d63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_stirling2_row.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mintd-d63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mintd-d63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index c5aa04b74..3edab3fcc 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mintd-d63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mintd-d63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_stirling2_row.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index f39f4a3a2..0af44af04 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_stirling2_row.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 8fc614930..b1e7d9b3a 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_stirling2_row.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 4945f1217..3c4e695cb 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_stirling2_row.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index c51929259..415201825 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_stirling2_row.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index 84fdb6a98..4405efbe1 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_stirling2_row.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mints-s63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mints-s63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index f5e726f65..9961f4ec6 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mints-s63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mints-s63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_stirling2_row.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mints-s63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mints-s63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index a0373a6e4..9905fbfbf 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mints-s63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mints-s63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_stirling2_row.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index 41651e640..e5cea4106 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_stirling2_row.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index 25f89cc5f..abd4939e1 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_stirling2_row.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 8d1ac4c65..af2bc3fbc 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_stirling2_col.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 43e2f3367..0599cdfbd 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_stirling2_col.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index 54e7f696e..716f7abac 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_stirling2_col.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index a95e40d39..32361d145 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_stirling2_col.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index f9b4e2f34..b8e33fe7d 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_stirling2_col.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 0aa7d6885..aec751a00 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_stirling2_col.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index 13bbb4481..3ba3ca500 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_stirling2_col.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index e2af67a1d..5e16bcb6d 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_stirling2_col.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index 978c8445b..30d8623e3 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_stirling2_col.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index 118eb4c96..1f0524c63 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-enumerative_combinatorics/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/stirling_number_of_the_second_kind_fixed_k"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_stirling2_col.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-graph/shortest_path.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-graph/shortest_path.test.cpp
index 332a050e4..516a8184b 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-graph/shortest_path.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-graph/shortest_path.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 
 #include "../../code/graph/alist.hpp"
 #include "../../code/graph/dijkstra.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 int main() {
   u32 n, m, s, t;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 37ac0cd8e..1117c690d 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/bernoulli_number"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_bernoulli.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 13f16d918..dce81a62b 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/bernoulli_number"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_bernoulli.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index 456ed6972..f1bf6f208 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/bernoulli_number"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_bernoulli.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mintd-d63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mintd-d63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index c6209f0ae..7e320fdd2 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mintd-d63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mintd-d63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/bernoulli_number"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_bernoulli.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mintd-d63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mintd-d63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 1f495af32..aeb1a2858 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mintd-d63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mintd-d63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/bernoulli_number"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_bernoulli.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index cacee9193..5cf2a17ab 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/bernoulli_number"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_bernoulli.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 7ddb8086b..9d38ec381 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/bernoulli_number"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_bernoulli.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index a40ffca1a..2e85f9f0b 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/bernoulli_number"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_bernoulli.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index def1feb59..936ce940e 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/bernoulli_number"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_bernoulli.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index 5e2e3b044..0891be447 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/bernoulli_number"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_bernoulli.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mints-s63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mints-s63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 8b3569554..579df786a 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mints-s63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mints-s63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/bernoulli_number"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_bernoulli.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mints-s63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mints-s63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index f73e69fd8..14c53bd4b 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mints-s63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mints-s63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/bernoulli_number"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_bernoulli.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index 16d5417db..fdbf31752 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/bernoulli_number"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_bernoulli.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index 3e45d16c4..3a65b4998 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/bernoulli_number.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/bernoulli_number"
 
 #include "../../code/comb/gen_bernoulli.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/discrete_logarithm_mod.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/discrete_logarithm_mod.test.cpp
index e7d4c180e..e54b211f1 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/discrete_logarithm_mod.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/discrete_logarithm_mod.test.cpp
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/discrete_logarithm_mod"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/nt/exbsgs.hpp"
 
 int main() {
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/enumerate_primes.lseive.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/enumerate_primes.lseive.test.cpp
index a52dddf9c..63134d8b6 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/enumerate_primes.lseive.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/enumerate_primes.lseive.test.cpp
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/enumerate_primes"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/nt/lsieve.hpp"
 
 int main() {
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/enumerate_primes.pseq.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/enumerate_primes.pseq.test.cpp
index d76614aab..6313f534a 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/enumerate_primes.pseq.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-number_theory/enumerate_primes.pseq.test.cpp
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/enumerate_primes"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/nt/prime_seq.hpp"
 
 int main() {
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/composition_of_formal_power_series.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/composition_of_formal_power_series.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index cf9acb948..48e492348 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/composition_of_formal_power_series.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/composition_of_formal_power_series.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/composition_of_formal_power_series"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/comp_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/composition_of_formal_power_series.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/composition_of_formal_power_series.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index d9d701243..61f149197 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/composition_of_formal_power_series.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/composition_of_formal_power_series.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/composition_of_formal_power_series"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/comp_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/composition_of_formal_power_series_large.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/composition_of_formal_power_series_large.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index 8bb228fdb..cd4bbf093 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/composition_of_formal_power_series_large.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/composition_of_formal_power_series_large.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/composition_of_formal_power_series_large"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/comp_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/composition_of_formal_power_series_large.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/composition_of_formal_power_series_large.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index 3594f1a98..c4648c9d1 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/composition_of_formal_power_series_large.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/composition_of_formal_power_series_large.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/composition_of_formal_power_series_large"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/comp_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/compositional_inverse_of_formal_power_series.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/compositional_inverse_of_formal_power_series.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index f3943e068..8414ba907 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/compositional_inverse_of_formal_power_series.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/compositional_inverse_of_formal_power_series.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/compositional_inverse_of_formal_power_series"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/compinv_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/compositional_inverse_of_formal_power_series.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/compositional_inverse_of_formal_power_series.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index 63718a009..6236e4003 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/compositional_inverse_of_formal_power_series.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/compositional_inverse_of_formal_power_series.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/compositional_inverse_of_formal_power_series"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/compinv_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/compositional_inverse_of_formal_power_series_large.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/compositional_inverse_of_formal_power_series_large.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index d7c317bb7..095010110 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/compositional_inverse_of_formal_power_series_large.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/compositional_inverse_of_formal_power_series_large.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/compositional_inverse_of_formal_power_series_large"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/compinv_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/compositional_inverse_of_formal_power_series_large.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/compositional_inverse_of_formal_power_series_large.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index 231ff6112..0d1445229 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/compositional_inverse_of_formal_power_series_large.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/compositional_inverse_of_formal_power_series_large.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/compositional_inverse_of_formal_power_series_large"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/compinv_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/conversion_from_monomial_basis_to_newton_basis.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/conversion_from_monomial_basis_to_newton_basis.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index 81518f0d3..776a39df4 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/conversion_from_monomial_basis_to_newton_basis.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/conversion_from_monomial_basis_to_newton_basis.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/conversion_from_monomial_basis_to_newton_basis"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/cbm2n_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/conversion_from_monomial_basis_to_newton_basis.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/conversion_from_monomial_basis_to_newton_basis.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index bc497377f..80cd596bb 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/conversion_from_monomial_basis_to_newton_basis.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/conversion_from_monomial_basis_to_newton_basis.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/conversion_from_monomial_basis_to_newton_basis"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/cbm2n_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/division_of_polynomials.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/division_of_polynomials.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 26150fbc6..e899d093c 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/division_of_polynomials.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/division_of_polynomials.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/division_of_polynomials"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/divmod_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/division_of_polynomials.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/division_of_polynomials.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index fe82e387e..982397128 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/division_of_polynomials.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/division_of_polynomials.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/division_of_polynomials"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/divmod_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/division_of_polynomials.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/division_of_polynomials.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index 877431a38..5b8158a0a 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/division_of_polynomials.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/division_of_polynomials.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/division_of_polynomials"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/divmod_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/division_of_polynomials.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/division_of_polynomials.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index 16c94ae30..f6cb13ef0 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/division_of_polynomials.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/division_of_polynomials.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/division_of_polynomials"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/divmod_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/division_of_polynomials.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/division_of_polynomials.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 4e582831a..6f4059959 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/division_of_polynomials.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/division_of_polynomials.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/division_of_polynomials"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/divmod_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/division_of_polynomials.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/division_of_polynomials.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index e1369b6c0..6038f787a 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/division_of_polynomials.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/division_of_polynomials.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/division_of_polynomials"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/divmod_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/division_of_polynomials.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/division_of_polynomials.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index 15f479201..1653defd9 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/division_of_polynomials.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/division_of_polynomials.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/division_of_polynomials"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/divmod_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/division_of_polynomials.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/division_of_polynomials.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index c5f0c4cb7..009792dfa 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/division_of_polynomials.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/division_of_polynomials.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/division_of_polynomials"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/divmod_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/division_of_polynomials.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/division_of_polynomials.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index a1e7394e4..a7d7adbad 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/division_of_polynomials.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/division_of_polynomials.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/division_of_polynomials"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/divmod_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/division_of_polynomials.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/division_of_polynomials.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index 8ea33f251..8699c31ce 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/division_of_polynomials.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/division_of_polynomials.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/division_of_polynomials"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/divmod_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index d31b205a1..f0419e44a 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/exp_of_formal_power_series"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/exp_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index 3546fb87b..8fe3310ad 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/exp_of_formal_power_series"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/exp_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 6c50bedfa..69f9049b8 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/exp_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 01d66dacc..e16a96cf9 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/exp_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index 3c908b939..22c7c7c82 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/exp_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 4265ac20f..ad4703414 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/exp_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 3738f7e53..365e50150 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/exp_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index 1306ca2d9..9b3f5a8d8 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/exp_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index a214fb095..8458339c1 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/exp_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index abf1b7410..fa82cc98d 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/exp_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index 3f56864e8..1c83a75a6 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/exp_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index aead102e3..19962fb88 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/exp_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index c7e18d3dc..7f9adc0a6 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/exp_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index ff5c50d5c..eb45d9ceb 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/exp_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index 517e98bec..7c156b3ae 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/exp_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index 864fd9f26..3ec7946f2 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/exp_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/exp_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index bdcd4dc77..2e3c67271 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/inv_of_formal_power_series"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/inv_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index 603787de0..8c5492068 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/inv_of_formal_power_series"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/inv_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index 7c0eb4148..8fe5dc012 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/inv_of_formal_power_series"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/inv_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index dde5fa331..70df68add 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/inv_of_formal_power_series"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/inv_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index a771daf56..0efb7de66 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/inv_of_formal_power_series"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/inv_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index a1fa30299..08b0502cf 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/inv_of_formal_power_series"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/inv_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 0198c22b3..c7ac166af 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/inv_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index b1039d3da..30322033b 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/inv_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index a3f88eabe..b5652c607 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/inv_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index ada3c81c0..adc69dc14 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/inv_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index e0859cd31..960a0ba6f 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/inv_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index 76f97399e..ff2f7160d 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/inv_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index cacc46a61..06f891cfb 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/inv_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index a0c5a699f..98c564502 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/inv_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index d2658cb99..f2ab8911d 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/inv_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index f6a3337fb..086293002 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/inv_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 2b8051410..4a3398752 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/inv_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index c636af2bc..40578db89 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/inv_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index 3ce9a6165..858e5da27 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/inv_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index 92d390c44..11531f259 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/inv_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/inv_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_polynomials.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_polynomials.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 6678e004b..0995c3b7c 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_polynomials.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_polynomials.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/inv_of_polynomials"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/modinv_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_polynomials.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_polynomials.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 8b6c02395..1de09cb98 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_polynomials.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_polynomials.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/inv_of_polynomials"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/modinv_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_polynomials.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_polynomials.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index c0dac0111..ed88fa93d 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_polynomials.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_polynomials.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/inv_of_polynomials"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/modinv_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_polynomials.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_polynomials.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index 1ef6c89a9..1491e7211 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_polynomials.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_polynomials.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/inv_of_polynomials"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/modinv_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_polynomials.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_polynomials.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 9358ac560..2ad858bbf 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_polynomials.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_polynomials.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/inv_of_polynomials"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/modinv_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_polynomials.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_polynomials.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 0e20339ce..000d74e78 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_polynomials.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_polynomials.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/inv_of_polynomials"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/modinv_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_polynomials.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_polynomials.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index d65c3ba8e..77982041d 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_polynomials.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_polynomials.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/inv_of_polynomials"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/modinv_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_polynomials.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_polynomials.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index 66e759612..fc44a0c99 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_polynomials.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_polynomials.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/inv_of_polynomials"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/modinv_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_polynomials.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_polynomials.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index 1fb4e49f7..eff8266f7 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_polynomials.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_polynomials.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/inv_of_polynomials"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/modinv_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_polynomials.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_polynomials.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index 141882dac..0d27d18ea 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_polynomials.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/inv_of_polynomials.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/inv_of_polynomials"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/modinv_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index e53ea9acf..3881519e9 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/log_of_formal_power_series"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/ln_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index c17a27e13..82f6653c6 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/log_of_formal_power_series"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/ln_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index 9e988a7d5..986ca2b94 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/log_of_formal_power_series"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/ln_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index e231894f4..1e5fd6cc9 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/log_of_formal_power_series"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/ln_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index cabecf9f4..17f201201 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/log_of_formal_power_series"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/ln_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index e96c0eb6f..0ec90f4c2 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/log_of_formal_power_series"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/ln_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index ac50e64b5..188c2da85 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/log_of_formal_power_series"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/ln_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index 36b12b9a2..bd408e2a0 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/log_of_formal_power_series"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/ln_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index 78d29a089..e67bd533a 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/log_of_formal_power_series"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/ln_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index 1d0c5a963..750a63cf8 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/log_of_formal_power_series"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/ln_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index cc5c61529..b17ab9cd5 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/ln_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index c63747b64..0c9923146 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/ln_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index 406cc0a45..7ddff3d5c 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/ln_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index bc9499174..6cf5f9efd 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/ln_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 1e85ad053..f79feb5f9 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/ln_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index 7c7a6746c..231e8f582 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/ln_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 70e8b3252..344b6a48f 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/ln_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 2a3693812..b9fb1bfad 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/ln_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index 6abc3e836..511b4ca65 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/ln_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index fc4117950..2de91cec6 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/ln_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 4e66a8da9..3aaefc0fc 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/ln_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 151e6e070..bae7600aa 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/ln_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index 7a070780d..cbab6cdc8 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/ln_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index 04326f18e..7b280e52d 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/log_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/ln_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 64e83146a..b16565327 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/multipoint_evaluation"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/mpe_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 2bc3531fc..33f067c7e 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/multipoint_evaluation"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/mpe_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index 0a3271bd2..29fd19d0b 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/multipoint_evaluation"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/mpe_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mintd-d63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mintd-d63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 164e6c64c..8f6dd1d63 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mintd-d63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mintd-d63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/multipoint_evaluation"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/mpe_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mintd-d63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mintd-d63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 599bb62dc..3c8f31387 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mintd-d63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mintd-d63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/multipoint_evaluation"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/mpe_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index f78f658b8..d253ed13e 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/multipoint_evaluation"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/mpe_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index bacb0fb5a..de2b57326 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/multipoint_evaluation"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/mpe_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 739e5a4f2..8de05e2d2 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/multipoint_evaluation"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/mpe_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index e6751195b..f7dbc0fc8 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/multipoint_evaluation"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/mpe_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index 61e59fa1c..641981697 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/multipoint_evaluation"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/mpe_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mints-s63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mints-s63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 816325381..7f8d7e436 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mints-s63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mints-s63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/multipoint_evaluation"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/mpe_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mints-s63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mints-s63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index d25875363..882d6e99d 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mints-s63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mints-s63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/multipoint_evaluation"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/mpe_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index 70c90e819..c872aebe1 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/multipoint_evaluation"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/mpe_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index ea2772945..ce376a772 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/multipoint_evaluation"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/mpe_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 893c4f341..212744ae2 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/czt_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 1c88fa31c..7736e8a5d 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/czt_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index d874f657d..991d771ca 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/czt_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mintd-d63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mintd-d63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index a2f8b8170..c33653393 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mintd-d63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mintd-d63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/czt_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mintd-d63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mintd-d63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 8d13141de..3a56359aa 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mintd-d63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mintd-d63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/czt_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index 271f86637..df5d56a5d 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/czt_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 6013e21f6..961557afc 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/czt_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 438e984d9..6cc07dc50 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/czt_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index fbd9f4d9d..dbc0ad275 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/czt_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index ceb116c97..744957191 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/czt_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mints-s63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mints-s63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 118ae69b6..681249ec6 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mints-s63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mints-s63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/czt_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mints-s63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mints-s63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 83e56dff3..85309d468 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mints-s63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mints-s63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/czt_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index 29d041a3b..3ca6b0a76 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/czt_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index 7aae2ec33..25bd4a4b6 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/multipoint_evaluation_on_geometric_sequence"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/czt_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_interpolation.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_interpolation.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index a0f2fa1a8..24acd367e 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_interpolation.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_interpolation.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/polynomial_interpolation"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/interp_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_interpolation.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_interpolation.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 3effb53a5..219e1ee5b 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_interpolation.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_interpolation.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/polynomial_interpolation"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/interp_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_interpolation.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_interpolation.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index 08b785039..8b179ffb4 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_interpolation.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_interpolation.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/polynomial_interpolation"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/interp_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_interpolation.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_interpolation.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index 058c9fc04..a80ad61dd 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_interpolation.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_interpolation.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/polynomial_interpolation"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/interp_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_interpolation.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_interpolation.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 306cbf1ea..21e8e028d 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_interpolation.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_interpolation.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/polynomial_interpolation"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/interp_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_interpolation.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_interpolation.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 6696a8e96..6989bb5e3 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_interpolation.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_interpolation.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/polynomial_interpolation"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/interp_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_interpolation.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_interpolation.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index 0e9969ba4..91d2a0bf3 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_interpolation.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_interpolation.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/polynomial_interpolation"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/interp_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_interpolation.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_interpolation.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index b8e4e15be..03a993220 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_interpolation.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_interpolation.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/polynomial_interpolation"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/interp_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_interpolation.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_interpolation.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index 937bcd599..51237c673 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_interpolation.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_interpolation.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/polynomial_interpolation"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/interp_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_interpolation.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_interpolation.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index 7759c6f2c..f76974ee5 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_interpolation.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_interpolation.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/polynomial_interpolation"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/interp_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index ccab216ce..543c517c6 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/polynomial_taylor_shift"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/tsh_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index cf89ac07d..d8ad8ce01 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/polynomial_taylor_shift"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/tsh_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index eefa9a943..42cabc3c5 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/polynomial_taylor_shift"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/tsh_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mintd-d63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mintd-d63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 5ce8a6504..fbdbb78fa 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mintd-d63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mintd-d63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/polynomial_taylor_shift"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/tsh_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mintd-d63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mintd-d63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 2ca1a20c5..c615e7862 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mintd-d63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mintd-d63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/polynomial_taylor_shift"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/tsh_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index 7e9f57e87..9f4b9cd37 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/polynomial_taylor_shift"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/tsh_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index f110c0fbc..b15ae4a8d 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/polynomial_taylor_shift"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/tsh_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index c13e653fa..9d7490ded 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/polynomial_taylor_shift"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/tsh_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index 47539c52c..3f2ecde38 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/polynomial_taylor_shift"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/tsh_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index 90f7c8349..460c92e4a 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/polynomial_taylor_shift"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/tsh_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mints-s63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mints-s63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 9a1b3bd3f..e22495391 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mints-s63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mints-s63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/polynomial_taylor_shift"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/tsh_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mints-s63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mints-s63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index ac6bf70fe..4974a3a9a 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mints-s63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mints-s63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/polynomial_taylor_shift"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/tsh_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index d0dcbe0e5..18ca3daeb 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/polynomial_taylor_shift"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/tsh_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index 676f7f694..7572f0071 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/polynomial_taylor_shift.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/polynomial_taylor_shift"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/tsh_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index 8eaa701a2..f04e650d7 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/pow_of_formal_power_series"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/pow_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index 1f0659787..79831796c 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/pow_of_formal_power_series"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/pow_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index f0272191b..af4946c86 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/pow_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index f0d53f40e..e3541e5e5 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/pow_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index c2261b076..b4d85dba9 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/pow_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 07c51cf7c..62bc8024e 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/pow_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 092379ff7..381a4a387 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/pow_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index 95afe5c7a..daf7be293 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/pow_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index b25fc9590..94da5b1cd 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/pow_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 1916794c9..647b6a80d 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/pow_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index 5e88d90a9..548cb77d9 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/pow_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index ba8d070f9..c1a35d018 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/pow_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 8c60b346d..4f88d4c82 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/pow_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 33fa824b5..aae6e6312 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/pow_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index b9a91c1fb..d0b57a938 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/pow_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index 909716d45..344b31509 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/pow_of_formal_power_series_sparse"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/pow_fpssp.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 9217c64a7..1693d1e77 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/ctsh_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 700410949..296e1fb8c 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/ctsh_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index 7a4267a7c..49a2bc1e2 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/ctsh_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mintd-d63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mintd-d63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index d385d9445..ef388ad80 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mintd-d63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mintd-d63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/ctsh_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mintd-d63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mintd-d63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 473e2d876..90bbe2482 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mintd-d63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mintd-d63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/ctsh_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index 127e1ae66..2de419de9 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/ctsh_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 95e81cd87..10bb7a9e7 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/ctsh_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index dd209ae1d..a8664aa1d 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/ctsh_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index 425d27205..2bfa98a97 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/ctsh_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index 96dd47bdb..4f783e5dd 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/ctsh_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mints-s63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mints-s63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index c70c0007c..30bd6e48b 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mints-s63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mints-s63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/ctsh_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mints-s63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mints-s63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 915568fbf..f08b1d95a 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mints-s63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mints-s63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/ctsh_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index 453fa6e70..32e83b236 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/ctsh_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index aa6ab0cea..024ace0a2 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/shift_of_sampling_points_of_polynomial"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/ctsh_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/sqrt_of_formal_power_series.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/sqrt_of_formal_power_series.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index 810225d43..ba0e65b9d 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/sqrt_of_formal_power_series.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/sqrt_of_formal_power_series.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/sqrt_of_formal_power_series"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/sqrt_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/sqrt_of_formal_power_series.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/sqrt_of_formal_power_series.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index 47ca7d4c3..a17a6ac00 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/sqrt_of_formal_power_series.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-polynomial/sqrt_of_formal_power_series.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/sqrt_of_formal_power_series"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/sqrt_fps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-sample/aplusb.fastio.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-sample/aplusb.fastio.test.cpp
index e1f900319..cebd55e1c 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-sample/aplusb.fastio.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-sample/aplusb.fastio.test.cpp
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/aplusb"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 int main() {
   i64 s, t;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-sample/aplusb.stoi.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-sample/aplusb.stoi.test.cpp
deleted file mode 100644
index c9ec80b05..000000000
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-sample/aplusb.stoi.test.cpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-#define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/aplusb"
-
-#include "../../code/fast/str2uint_mod.hpp"
-#include "../../code/fast/u32tostr.hpp"
-
-CEXP u64 MOD = u64(1e9) + 1;
-
-int main() {
-  std::cin.tie(nullptr)->std::ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
-  strn s, t;
-  std::cin >> s >> t;
-  char ans[16] = {0};
-  tifa_libs::u32tostr(tifa_libs::str2uint_mod(s, MOD) + tifa_libs::str2uint_mod(t, MOD), ans);
-  std::cout << ans;
-  return 0;
-}
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-sample/many_aplusb.fastio.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-sample/many_aplusb.fastio.test.cpp
index fb941b08b..7967cc3b2 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-sample/many_aplusb.fastio.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-sample/many_aplusb.fastio.test.cpp
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/many_aplusb"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 int main() {
   u32 t;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-sample/many_aplusb_128bit.fastio.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-sample/many_aplusb_128bit.fastio.test.cpp
index a4b38e000..c66a52149 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-sample/many_aplusb_128bit.fastio.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-sample/many_aplusb_128bit.fastio.test.cpp
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/many_aplusb_128bit"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 int main() {
   u32 t;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/exp_of_set_power_series.mintd-d31.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/exp_of_set_power_series.mintd-d31.test.cpp
index b3549cabb..3b3a73a11 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/exp_of_set_power_series.mintd-d31.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/exp_of_set_power_series.mintd-d31.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/exp_of_set_power_series"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/exp_fpssps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/exp_of_set_power_series.mintd-d63.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/exp_of_set_power_series.mintd-d63.test.cpp
index a95f36086..0f808b745 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/exp_of_set_power_series.mintd-d63.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/exp_of_set_power_series.mintd-d63.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/exp_of_set_power_series"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/exp_fpssps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/exp_of_set_power_series.mints-s30.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/exp_of_set_power_series.mints-s30.test.cpp
index 135e05d44..4051001ab 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/exp_of_set_power_series.mints-s30.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/exp_of_set_power_series.mints-s30.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/exp_of_set_power_series"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/exp_fpssps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/exp_of_set_power_series.mints-s63.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/exp_of_set_power_series.mints-s63.test.cpp
index 9c71d368f..ed6d4a203 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/exp_of_set_power_series.mints-s63.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/exp_of_set_power_series.mints-s63.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/exp_of_set_power_series"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/exp_fpssps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index a25db65d4..a0526ea89 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mintd-d31.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/polynomial_composite_set_power_series"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/comp_fpssps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 09f32f213..8be64335e 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mintd-d31.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/polynomial_composite_set_power_series"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/comp_fpssps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index dd1864d19..dec157cb3 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mintd-d31.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/polynomial_composite_set_power_series"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/comp_fpssps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mintd-d63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mintd-d63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index b83484711..30a012f8c 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mintd-d63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mintd-d63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/polynomial_composite_set_power_series"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/comp_fpssps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mintd-d63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mintd-d63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 09d5b0a5e..d65fb9efe 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mintd-d63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mintd-d63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/polynomial_composite_set_power_series"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/comp_fpssps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index 828f40bf8..f47287d02 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mintd-d63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/polynomial_composite_set_power_series"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/comp_fpssps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 28db539e3..8699a2596 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mints-s30.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/polynomial_composite_set_power_series"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/comp_fpssps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index ca1c8124a..6ba0dd4ac 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mints-s30.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/polynomial_composite_set_power_series"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/comp_fpssps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index f604c6cda..eb7237b33 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mints-s30.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/polynomial_composite_set_power_series"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/comp_fpssps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index 722222069..acab82202 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mints-s30.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/polynomial_composite_set_power_series"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/comp_fpssps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mints-s63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mints-s63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index 995bbc660..9df70842a 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mints-s63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mints-s63.mints-s30.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/polynomial_composite_set_power_series"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/comp_fpssps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mints-s63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mints-s63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
index a9cad486f..cfe9465c4 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mints-s63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mints-s63.mints-s63.poly_anymod-p3ntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/polynomial_composite_set_power_series"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/comp_fpssps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
index be25128bb..92d994300 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mints-s63.poly_anymod-pmtt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/polynomial_composite_set_power_series"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/comp_fpssps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
index ec0beaf5e..c2e359432 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/polynomial_composite_set_power_series.mints-s63.poly_nttmod-pntt.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/polynomial_composite_set_power_series"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/poly/comp_fpssps.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/subset_convolution.mintd-d31.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/subset_convolution.mintd-d31.test.cpp
index c1cd4de41..e7af17fbc 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/subset_convolution.mintd-d31.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/subset_convolution.mintd-d31.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/subset_convolution"
 
 #include "../../code/conv/conv_subset.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/subset_convolution.mintd-d63.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/subset_convolution.mintd-d63.test.cpp
index d85578cea..4da347946 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/subset_convolution.mintd-d63.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/subset_convolution.mintd-d63.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/subset_convolution"
 
 #include "../../code/conv/conv_subset.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/subset_convolution.mints-s30.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/subset_convolution.mints-s30.test.cpp
index 62e0026fe..b23eb794a 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/subset_convolution.mints-s30.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/subset_convolution.mints-s30.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/subset_convolution"
 
 #include "../../code/conv/conv_subset.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/subset_convolution.mints-s63.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/subset_convolution.mints-s63.test.cpp
index a55663197..ab308590c 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/subset_convolution.mints-s63.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-set_power_series/subset_convolution.mints-s63.test.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/subset_convolution"
 
 #include "../../code/conv/conv_subset.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-string/number_of_substrings.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-string/number_of_substrings.test.cpp
index 5bd1c5ba0..eeeea8886 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-string/number_of_substrings.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-string/number_of_substrings.test.cpp
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/number_of_substrings"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/str/suffix_automaton.hpp"
 
 int main() {
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-string/runenumerate.hashstr-hashstr1.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-string/runenumerate.hashstr-hashstr1.test.cpp
index ca583c548..3ae300e40 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-string/runenumerate.hashstr-hashstr1.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-string/runenumerate.hashstr-hashstr1.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/runenumerate/"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/str/run_hash.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-string/runenumerate.mintd-d31.hashstr-hashstr2d.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-string/runenumerate.mintd-d31.hashstr-hashstr2d.test.cpp
index 080edbdf5..6500fa951 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-string/runenumerate.mintd-d31.hashstr-hashstr2d.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-string/runenumerate.mintd-d31.hashstr-hashstr2d.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/runenumerate/"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/str/run_hash.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-string/runenumerate.mintd-d63.hashstr-hashstr2d.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-string/runenumerate.mintd-d63.hashstr-hashstr2d.test.cpp
index 5b720e71f..7b92aaf0c 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-string/runenumerate.mintd-d63.hashstr-hashstr2d.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-string/runenumerate.mintd-d63.hashstr-hashstr2d.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/runenumerate/"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/str/run_hash.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-string/runenumerate.mints-s30.hashstr-hashstr2s.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-string/runenumerate.mints-s30.hashstr-hashstr2s.test.cpp
index ea7ceadac..5f695e44f 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-string/runenumerate.mints-s30.hashstr-hashstr2s.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-string/runenumerate.mints-s30.hashstr-hashstr2s.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/runenumerate/"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/str/run_hash.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-string/runenumerate.mints-s63.hashstr-hashstr2s.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-string/runenumerate.mints-s63.hashstr-hashstr2s.test.cpp
index b3e8303dc..5d7ee3c5b 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-string/runenumerate.mints-s63.hashstr-hashstr2s.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-string/runenumerate.mints-s63.hashstr-hashstr2s.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/runenumerate/"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/str/run_hash.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-string/zalgorithm.hashstr-hashstr1.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-string/zalgorithm.hashstr-hashstr1.test.cpp
index e067b0ae8..69c2847ef 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-string/zalgorithm.hashstr-hashstr1.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-string/zalgorithm.hashstr-hashstr1.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/zalgorithm"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/str/lcpf_hash.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-string/zalgorithm.mintd-d31.hashstr-hashstr2d.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-string/zalgorithm.mintd-d31.hashstr-hashstr2d.test.cpp
index b7a4fd8a9..ca5ffa5f7 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-string/zalgorithm.mintd-d31.hashstr-hashstr2d.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-string/zalgorithm.mintd-d31.hashstr-hashstr2d.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/zalgorithm"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/str/lcpf_hash.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-string/zalgorithm.mintd-d63.hashstr-hashstr2d.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-string/zalgorithm.mintd-d63.hashstr-hashstr2d.test.cpp
index 6898d2dbb..3b200d7d9 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-string/zalgorithm.mintd-d63.hashstr-hashstr2d.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-string/zalgorithm.mintd-d63.hashstr-hashstr2d.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/zalgorithm"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/str/lcpf_hash.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-string/zalgorithm.mints-s30.hashstr-hashstr2s.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-string/zalgorithm.mints-s30.hashstr-hashstr2s.test.cpp
index 7bd8ce87e..ef1b93c20 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-string/zalgorithm.mints-s30.hashstr-hashstr2s.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-string/zalgorithm.mints-s30.hashstr-hashstr2s.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/zalgorithm"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/str/lcpf_hash.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-string/zalgorithm.mints-s63.hashstr-hashstr2s.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-string/zalgorithm.mints-s63.hashstr-hashstr2s.test.cpp
index 22e2bb241..da84e1f97 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-string/zalgorithm.mints-s63.hashstr-hashstr2s.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-string/zalgorithm.mints-s63.hashstr-hashstr2s.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define AUTO_GENERATED
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/zalgorithm"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/str/lcpf_hash.hpp"
 
 CEXP u32 MOD = 998244353;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-string/zalgorithm.zfunc.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-string/zalgorithm.zfunc.test.cpp
index aa6ee2845..f58abdbe5 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-string/zalgorithm.zfunc.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-string/zalgorithm.zfunc.test.cpp
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/zalgorithm"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/str/z_func.hpp"
 
 int main() {
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-tree/lca.hld.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-tree/lca.hld.test.cpp
index 1a4b747f8..6f26a7028 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-tree/lca.hld.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-tree/lca.hld.test.cpp
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/lca"
 
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/tree/lca_hld.hpp"
 #include "../../code/tree/tree.hpp"
 
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-tree/vertex_add_path_sum.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-tree/vertex_add_path_sum.test.cpp
index 844740f86..88809a147 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-tree/vertex_add_path_sum.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-tree/vertex_add_path_sum.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/vertex_add_path_sum"
 
 #include "../../code/ds/hld.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 using T = std::pair<i64, i32>;
 using F = i64;
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-tree/vertex_add_subtree_sum.dsu_on_tree.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-tree/vertex_add_subtree_sum.dsu_on_tree.test.cpp
index ded6cfe82..23237704a 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-tree/vertex_add_subtree_sum.dsu_on_tree.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-tree/vertex_add_subtree_sum.dsu_on_tree.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/vertex_add_subtree_sum"
 
 #include "../../code/ds/fenwick.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 #include "../../code/tree/dfs_info.hpp"
 #include "../../code/tree/dsu_on_tree.hpp"
 #include "../../code/tree/tree.hpp"
diff --git a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-tree/vertex_add_subtree_sum.hld.test.cpp b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-tree/vertex_add_subtree_sum.hld.test.cpp
index 33d3185f7..35642b41b 100644
--- a/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-tree/vertex_add_subtree_sum.hld.test.cpp
+++ b/src/test_cpverifier/library-checker-tree/vertex_add_subtree_sum.hld.test.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/vertex_add_subtree_sum"
 
 #include "../../code/ds/hld.hpp"
-#include "../../code/io/fastio.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastin.hpp"
+#include "../../code/io/fastout.hpp"
 
 using T = std::pair<i64, i32>;
 using F = i64;
diff --git a/src/test_tinplate/fast/u32tostr.cpp b/src/test_tinplate/io/fastin.cpp
similarity index 100%
rename from src/test_tinplate/fast/u32tostr.cpp
rename to src/test_tinplate/io/fastin.cpp
diff --git a/src/test_tinplate/io/fastio.cpp b/src/test_tinplate/io/fastout.cpp
similarity index 100%
rename from src/test_tinplate/io/fastio.cpp
rename to src/test_tinplate/io/fastout.cpp