GH-49024: [CI] Update Debian version in .env (#49032)

### Rationale for this change

Default Debian version in `.env` now maps to oldstable, we should use stable instead.
Also prune entries that are not used anymore.

### Are these changes tested?

By existing CI jobs.

### Are there any user-facing changes?

No.
* GitHub Issue: #49024

Authored-by: Antoine Pitrou <antoine@python.org>
Signed-off-by: Sutou Kouhei <kou@clear-code.com>

Author: pitrou

.env

@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ ULIMIT_CORE=-1
 # Default versions for platforms
 ALMALINUX=8
 ALPINE_LINUX=3.22
-DEBIAN=12
+DEBIAN=13
 FEDORA=42
 UBUNTU=22.04
 
@@ -61,11 +61,9 @@ CLANG_TOOLS=18
 CMAKE=3.26.0
 CUDA=11.7.1
 DASK=latest
-DOTNET=8.0
 GCC=
 HDFS=3.2.1
 JDK=11
-KARTOTHEK=latest
 # LLVM 12 and GCC 11 reports -Wmismatched-new-delete.
 LLVM=18
 MAVEN=3.8.7
@@ -79,7 +77,6 @@ PYTHON_IMAGE_TAG=3.10
 PYTHON_ABI_TAG=cp310
 R=4.5
 SPARK=master
-TURBODBC=latest
 
 # These correspond to images on Docker Hub that contain R, e.g. rhub/ubuntu-release:latest
 R_IMAGE=ubuntu-release

ci/docker/debian-12-cpp.dockerfile

@@ -55,26 +55,18 @@ RUN apt-get update -y -q && \
         libboost-system-dev \
         libbrotli-dev \
         libbz2-dev \
-        libc-ares-dev \
         libcurl4-openssl-dev \
         libgflags-dev \
         libgmock-dev \
         libgoogle-glog-dev \
         libgrpc++-dev \
-        libidn2-dev \
-        libkrb5-dev \
-        libldap-dev \
         liblz4-dev \
-        libnghttp2-dev \
+        libopentelemetry-proto-dev \
         libprotobuf-dev \
         libprotoc-dev \
-        libpsl-dev \
         libre2-dev \
-        librtmp-dev \
         libsnappy-dev \
         libsqlite3-dev \
-        libssh-dev \
-        libssh2-1-dev \
         libssl-dev \
         libthrift-dev \
         libutf8proc-dev \
@@ -96,6 +88,7 @@ RUN apt-get update -y -q && \
         rapidjson-dev \
         rsync \
         tzdata \
+        tzdata-legacy \
         zlib1g-dev && \
     apt-get clean && \
     rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

ci/docker/debian-13-cpp.dockerfile

@@ -31,11 +31,9 @@ RUN apt-get update -y && \
         lsb-release && \
     gpg --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com \
         --recv-key 95C0FAF38DB3CCAD0C080A7BDC78B2DDEABC47B7 && \
-    gpg --export 95C0FAF38DB3CCAD0C080A7BDC78B2DDEABC47B7 | \
-        gpg --no-default-keyring \
-            --keyring /usr/share/keyrings/cran.gpg \
-            --import - && \
-    echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/cran.gpg] https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/linux/$(lsb_release -is | tr 'A-Z' 'a-z') $(lsb_release -cs)-cran40/" | \
+    gpg --armor --export 95C0FAF38DB3CCAD0C080A7BDC78B2DDEABC47B7 | \
+        tee /usr/share/keyrings/cran.asc && \
+    echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/cran.asc] https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/linux/$(lsb_release -is | tr 'A-Z' 'a-z') $(lsb_release -cs)-cran40/" | \
         tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/cran.list && \
     if [ -f /etc/apt/sources.list.d/debian.sources ]; then \
         sed -i \

ci/docker/linux-apt-docs.dockerfile

@@ -242,10 +242,10 @@ TEST(Jemalloc, GetAllocationStats) {
 
   // Check allocated stats change due to allocation
   ASSERT_NEAR(allocated - allocated0, 70000, 50000);
-  ASSERT_NEAR(active - active0, 100000, 90000);
-  ASSERT_NEAR(metadata - metadata0, 500, 460);
-  ASSERT_NEAR(resident - resident0, 120000, 110000);
-  ASSERT_NEAR(mapped - mapped0, 100000, 90000);
+  ASSERT_GE(active - active0, allocated - allocated0);
+  ASSERT_GT(metadata, metadata0);
+  ASSERT_GE(resident - resident0, allocated - allocated0);
+  ASSERT_GE(mapped - mapped0, allocated - allocated0);
   ASSERT_NEAR(retained - retained0, 0, 40000);
 
   ASSERT_NEAR(thread_peak_read - thread_peak_read0, 1024, 700);

cpp/src/arrow/memory_pool_test.cc

@@ -451,7 +451,7 @@ tasks:
       flags: -e CC=gcc-14 -e CXX=g++-14 -e RapidJSON_SOURCE=BUNDLED
       image: ubuntu-cpp
 
-{% for debian_version in ["12"] %}
+{% for debian_version in ["13"] %}
   test-debian-{{ debian_version }}-cpp-amd64:
     ci: github
     template: docker-tests/github.linux.yml
@@ -589,23 +589,25 @@ tasks:
         UBUNTU: 22.04
       image: ubuntu-python-313-freethreading
 
-  test-debian-12-python-3-amd64:
+{% for debian_version in ["13"] %}
+  test-debian-{{ debian_version }}-python-3-amd64:
     ci: github
     template: docker-tests/github.linux.yml
     params:
       env:
-        DEBIAN: 12
+        DEBIAN: "{{ debian_version }}"
       image: debian-python
 
-  test-debian-12-python-3-i386:
+  test-debian-{{ debian_version }}-python-3-i386:
     ci: github
     template: docker-tests/github.linux.yml
     params:
       env:
         ARCH: i386
-        DEBIAN: 12
+        DEBIAN: "{{ debian_version }}"
       flags: "-e ARROW_S3=OFF -e ARROW_GANDIVA=OFF"
       image: debian-python
+{% endfor %}
 
   test-ubuntu-22.04-python-3:
     ci: github
@@ -756,7 +758,7 @@ tasks:
     template: r/github.macos.m1san.yml
 
   # be sure to update binary-task.rb when upgrading Debian
-  test-debian-12-docs:
+  test-debian-13-docs:
     ci: github
     template: docs/github.linux.yml
     params: