chore: use ubuntu-slim for lightweight jobs (#2187)

ubuntu-slim is a new cost-efficient runner to fit lightweight jobs. We
can use this to save ASF infra usage (if possible).

By *lightweight* I mean jobs that run for less than a minute and are not
easily affected by other concurrently running jobs on the same host.

This topic was raised in the Apache ORC project and later adopted by
iceberg-cpp. We believe it could also benefit other projects under the
Apache Iceberg umbrella.

Refs:

-
https://github.blog/changelog/2025-10-28-1-vcpu-linux-runner-now-available-in-github-actions-in-public-preview/
-
https://github.com/actions/runner-images/blob/main/images/ubuntu-slim/ubuntu-slim-Readme.md

Author: zhjwpku

.github/workflows/bindings_python_ci.yml

@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ jobs:
         run: cargo clippy --all-targets --all-features -- -D warnings
 
   check-python:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-slim
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v6
       - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v7

.github/workflows/ci_typos.yml

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ permissions:
 jobs:
   typos-check:
     name: typos check
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-slim
     timeout-minutes: 10
     env:
       FORCE_COLOR: 1

.github/workflows/codeql.yml

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ permissions:
 jobs:
   analyze:
     name: Analyze Actions
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-slim
     permissions:
       contents: read
       security-events: write