do we need to run buildah containers always with BUILDAH_ISOLATION = chroot

[himmatss]

Hi,

I have a buildah container image (quay.io/buildah/stable:latest) running with default setting as a "BUILDAH_ISOLATION = chroot" in Kubernetes. However, I am wondering is this really required to run the buildah as a container ?

Can someone pleas explain this ,
https://github.com/containers/buildah/blob/main/docs/buildah-build.1.md
_"--isolation type

Controls what type of isolation is used for running processes as part of RUN instructions. Recognized types include oci (OCI-compatible runtime, the default), rootless (OCI-compatible runtime invoked using a modified configuration, with --no-new-keyring added to its create invocation, reusing the host's network and UTS namespaces, and creating private IPC, PID, mount, and user namespaces; the default for unprivileged users), and chroot (an internal wrapper that leans more toward chroot(1) than container technology, reusing the host's control group, network, IPC, and PID namespaces, and creating private mount and UTS namespaces, and creating user namespaces only when they're required for ID mapping).

Note: You can also override the default isolation type by setting the BUILDAH_ISOLATION environment variable. export BUILDAH_ISOLATION=oci"_

[nalind]

In many cases, a container that's run using the image will not be given enough privileges for buildah run or the handling of RUN instructions in Dockerfiles in buildah build to be able to launch a container using an actual runtime like crun or runc. The chroot-based method is severely limited in functionality compared to crun or runc, but in return it exercises fewer privileges than they might, so it works (or "works") in a number of cases where they might not. If your environment provides enough privileges to not have to use chroot, feel free to override it.

[himmatss]

Thanks @nalind for your reply.
The documentation says the default value is "oci" for the BUILDAH_ISOLATION but in the dockerfile of the image quay.io/buildah/stable:latest ; it appears to be having the BUILDAH_ISOLATION=chroot
https://github.com/containers/image_build/blob/main/podman/Containerfile
https://github.com/containers/image_build/blob/main/buildah/Containerfile

[nalind]

Yes, the container image has the environment variable set in it to override the compiled-in default.