main.py

# Copyright 2025 Alibaba Group Holding Ltd.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

import asyncio
import os
from datetime import timedelta

from opensandbox import Sandbox
from opensandbox.config import ConnectionConfig
from opensandbox.models.execd import RunCommandOpts


def _required_env(name: str) -> str:
    value = os.getenv(name)
    if not value:
        raise RuntimeError(f"{name} is required")
    return value


async def _print_logs(label: str, execution) -> None:
    for msg in execution.logs.stdout:
        print(f"[{label} stdout] {msg.text}")
    for msg in execution.logs.stderr:
        print(f"[{label} stderr] {msg.text}")
    if execution.error:
        print(f"[{label} error] {execution.error.name}: {execution.error.value}")


async def main() -> None:
    domain = os.getenv("SANDBOX_DOMAIN", "localhost:8080")
    api_key = os.getenv("SANDBOX_API_KEY")
    image = os.getenv(
        "SANDBOX_IMAGE",
        "opensandbox/desktop:latest",
    )
    python_version = os.getenv("PYTHON_VERSION", "3.11")
    vnc_password = _required_env("VNC_PASSWORD")

    config = ConnectionConfig(
        domain=domain,
        api_key=api_key,
        request_timeout=timedelta(seconds=60),
    )

    sandbox = await Sandbox.create(
        image,
        connection_config=config,
        env={
            "PYTHON_VERSION": python_version,
            "VNC_PASSWORD": vnc_password,
        },
    )

    async with sandbox:
        # Desktop and VNC components are pre-installed in the image, just start them
        # Start virtual display, window manager, and VNC server (in background)
        xvfb_exec = await sandbox.commands.run(
            "Xvfb :0 -screen 0 1280x800x24",
            opts=RunCommandOpts(background=True),
        )
        await _print_logs("xvfb", xvfb_exec)

        # Start XFCE session (provides panel, file manager, terminal)
        xfce_exec = await sandbox.commands.run(
            "DISPLAY=:0 dbus-launch startxfce4",
            opts=RunCommandOpts(background=True),
        )
        await _print_logs("xfce", xfce_exec)

        vnc_exec = await sandbox.commands.run(
            "x11vnc -display :0 "
            "-passwd \"$VNC_PASSWORD\" "
            "-forever -shared -rfbport 5900",
            opts=RunCommandOpts(background=True),
        )
        await _print_logs("x11vnc", vnc_exec)

        # Start noVNC/websockify to expose VNC over WebSocket/HTTP
        novnc_exec = await sandbox.commands.run(
            "/usr/bin/websockify --web=/usr/share/novnc 6080 localhost:5900",
            opts=RunCommandOpts(background=True),
        )
        await _print_logs("novnc", novnc_exec)

        endpoint_vnc = await sandbox.get_endpoint(5900)
        endpoint_novnc = await sandbox.get_endpoint(6080)

        # Build noVNC URL with host/port/path for routed endpoint, e.g., host:port/proxy/6080
        novnc_host_port, novnc_path = endpoint_novnc.endpoint.split("/", 1)
        novnc_host, novnc_port = novnc_host_port.split(":")
        novnc_url = (
            f"http://{endpoint_novnc.endpoint}/vnc.html"
            f"?host={novnc_host}&port={novnc_port}&path={novnc_path}"
        )

        print("\nVNC endpoint (native clients):")
        print(f"  {endpoint_vnc.endpoint}")
        print(f"Password: {vnc_password}")

        print("\nnoVNC (browser):")
        print(f"  {novnc_url}")
        print(f"Password: {vnc_password}")

        print("\nKeeping sandbox alive for 5 minutes. Press Ctrl+C to exit sooner.")
        try:
            await asyncio.sleep(300)
        except KeyboardInterrupt:
            print("Stopping...")
        finally:
            await sandbox.kill()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    asyncio.run(main())