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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<h1><a href="https://www.privacytools.io/" title="privacy tools"><img src="img/layout/logo.png" class="img-responsive" alt="privacytools.io"></a></h1>
<p>You are being watched. Private and state-sponsored organizations are monitoring and recording your online activities. privacytools.io provides knowledge and tools to protect your privacy against global mass surveillance.</p>
<!-- end header just below the navigation bar -->
</div>
<!-- start language and darknet selection -->
<p>
<a data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" data-original-title="Translations of privacytools.io were done by volunteers. They might be not up to date.">Language:</a>
<span class="flag-icon flag-icon-tw" style="margin-left:5px;"></span> <a href="https://privacytools.twngo.xyz/">繁體中文</a>
<span class="flag-icon flag-icon-es" style="margin-left:5px;"></span> <a href="https://victorhck.gitlab.io/privacytools-es/">Español</a>
<span class="flag-icon flag-icon-de" style="margin-left:5px;"></span> <a href="https://privacytools.it-sec.rocks/">Deutsch</a>
<span style="margin-left:15px;">Darknet:</span>
<a data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" data-original-title="Requires specific software to access: torproject.org" href="http://privacyh3rsehm64.onion/">Tor</a>,
<a data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" data-original-title="Requires specific software to access: geti2p.net" href="http://privacytools.i2p/?i2paddresshelper=5GOHmoHjcG3c55VitD6OZmDHFpDfetZkwsgLUsq4EgM5SgJIFYYgxeDXFLJSrrUxjgD70bC-ZUKzGZ-hf8l4RUUrM7aUGCSC3Yk~tAZMIVMni6hDCw269GQRJUYrOeGX9Ufze2ln~gWssUsH8BErV1HHJ-FS2oKQZYR-rROEGRJ3ptR5LiZmsKgfcObU3Y4pBfK~yq9s~V7XV-7YD8v8eEjiEeyBVKKddeoguj~Uq9N2NsR4rm~FclpAZi2HS50wD4Ph96di7DxgKdk96uDHFeIQJzvdK6VPuvuX6jZUA-LVbwlnLM~~mh4hv5jT7w~KaJPkTFWRRO1~lrrhiS4WLjjBnhfAty7PZ4W4GSuJKPPGhLPF65Yz7Ji--T3p2ZLLkpjPbNpgokNAKHfOkr~uR7F1rjnkcRTi3ZzYciiALCJNwNgLEOXowuAbdLyM5GO3gXm27~PZpsttxvCBlHkmD8L2xinybADaDvrAe3ReWbi9zd9WMGm5zc2sfZ1G~1E1BQAEAAEAAA%3d%3d">I2P</a>,
<a data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" data-original-title="Requires specific software to access: zeronet.io" href="http://127.0.0.1:43110/14gSEpfWfF5Go7u5y7UidZQCnGa6eSBYZ9/">ZeroNet</a>
</p>
<!-- end language and darknet selection -->
<!-- quote by Glenn Greenwald located below the header -->
<div class="page-header">
<h1>Privacy? I don't have anything to hide.</h1>
</div>
<blockquote>
<p>
<a href="http://www.ted.com/talks/glenn_greenwald_why_privacy_matters" title="Glenn Greenwald - Why privacy matters - TED Talk"><img src="img/layout/Glenn-Greenwald-Why-privacy-matters.jpg" class="img-responsive pull-right" alt="Glenn Greenwald: Why privacy matters" style="margin-left:20px;"></a>
Over the last 16 months, as I've debated this issue around the world, every single time somebody has said to me, "I don't really worry about invasions of privacy because I don't have anything to hide." I always say the same thing to them. I get out a
pen, I write down my email address. I say, "Here's my email address. What I want you to do when you get home is email me the passwords to all of your email accounts, not just the nice, respectable work one in your name, but all of them, because I
want to be able to just troll through what it is you're doing online, read what I want to read and publish whatever I find interesting. After all, if you're not a bad person, if you're doing nothing wrong, you should have nothing to hide." <strong>Not a single person has taken me up on that offer.</strong></p>
<footer>Glenn Greenwald in <cite title="Why privacy matters - TED Talk"><a href="http://www.ted.com/talks/glenn_greenwald_why_privacy_matters">Why privacy matters - TED Talk</a></cite></footer>
</blockquote>
<h4>Read also:</h4>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nothing_to_hide_argument">Nothing to hide argument (Wikipedia)</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/privacy/comments/3hynvp/how_do_you_counter_the_i_have_nothing_to_hide/">How do you counter the "I have nothing to hide?" argument? (reddit.com)</a></li>
</ul>
<!-- end quote by Glenn Greenwald located below the header -->
<!--
<div class="page-header text-center">
<h1>Privacy-Respecting Search Engine</h1>
</div>
<p>
<img src="img/layout/privatesearch.png" class="center-block img-responsive" alt="privatesearch.io">
</p>
<p class="text-center">
</p><form method="POST" action="https://www.privatesearch.io/" id="search_form" role="search">
<div class="input-group col-md-8 col-md-offset-2">
<input type="search" name="q" class="form-control input-lg" id="q" placeholder="Search for..." autocomplete="off" value="">
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<button type="submit" formtarget="_blank" class="btn btn-default input-lg"><span class="hide_if_nojs"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-search"></span></span><span class="hidden active_if_nojs">start search</span></button>
</span>
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</form>
<p></p>
<p class="text-center text-muted">example search: <a href="https://www.privatesearch.io/?q=Edward%20Snowden">Edward Snowden</a></p>
<p class="text-center"><a href="https://www.privatesearch.io/"><strong>privatesearch.io</strong></a> is our new privacy-respecting and highly customizable search engine with excellent results. it's open source and doesn't have ads, logs or tracking.</p>
<hr>
<br />
-->
<!-- Global Mass Surveillance - The Fourteen Eyes -->
<a class="anchor" name="ukusa"></a>
<div class="page-header">
<h1><a href="#ukusa" class="titleanchor"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-link"></span></a> Global Mass Surveillance - The Fourteen Eyes</h1>
</div>
<img src="img/layout/UKUSA.png" class="img-responsive pull-right" alt="UKUSA Agreement" style="margin-left:10px;">
<p>The UKUSA Agreement is an agreement between the United Kingdom, United States, Australia, Canada, and New Zealand to cooperatively collect, analyze, and share intelligence. Members of this group, known as the <a href="http://www.giswatch.org/en/communications-surveillance/unmasking-five-eyes-global-surveillance-practices">Five Eyes</a>,
focus on gathering and analyzing intelligence from different parts of the world. While Five Eyes countries have agreed to <a href="http://www.pbs.org/newshour/rundown/an-exclusive-club-the-five-countries-that-dont-spy-on-each-other/">not spy on each other</a> as adversaries, leaks by Snowden have revealed that some Five Eyes members monitor each other’s citizens and <a href="http://www.theguardian.com/uk/2013/jun/21/gchq-cables-secret-world-communications-nsa">share intelligence</a> to <a href="http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2013/jun/10/nsa-offers-intelligence-british-counterparts-blunkett">avoid breaking domestic laws</a> that prohibit them from spying on their own citizens. The Five Eyes alliance also cooperates with groups of third party countries to share intelligence (forming the Nine Eyes and Fourteen Eyes), however Five Eyes and third party countries can and do
spy on each other.</p>
<br>
<!-- Chart of Five Eyes, Nine Eyes, and Fourteen Eyes -->
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-4">
<div class="panel panel-danger">
<div class="panel-heading">
<h3 class="panel-title">Five Eyes</h3>
</div>
<div class="panel-body">
1. Australia <div class="pull-right"><span class="flag-icon flag-icon-au"></span></div>
<br /> 2. Canada <div class="pull-right"><span class="flag-icon flag-icon-ca"></span></div>
<br /> 3. New Zealand <div class="pull-right"><span class="flag-icon flag-icon-nz"></span></div>
<br /> 4. United Kingdom <div class="pull-right"><span class="flag-icon flag-icon-gb"></span></div>
<br /> 5. United States of America <div class="pull-right"><span class="flag-icon flag-icon-us"></span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">
<div class="panel panel-warning">
<div class="panel-heading">
<h3 class="panel-title">Nine Eyes</h3>
</div>
<div class="panel-body">
6. Denmark <div class="pull-right"><span class="flag-icon flag-icon-dk"></span></div>
<br /> 7. France <div class="pull-right"><span class="flag-icon flag-icon-fr"></span></div>
<br /> 8. Netherlands <div class="pull-right"><span class="flag-icon flag-icon-nl"></span></div>
<br /> 9. Norway <div class="pull-right"><span class="flag-icon flag-icon-no"></span></div>
<br /><br />
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">
<div class="panel panel-default">
<div class="panel-heading">
<h3 class="panel-title">Fourteen Eyes</h3>
</div>
<div class="panel-body">
10. Belgium <div class="pull-right"><span class="flag-icon flag-icon-be"></span></div>
<br /> 11. Germany <div class="pull-right"><span class="flag-icon flag-icon-de"></span></div>
<br /> 12. Italy <div class="pull-right"><span class="flag-icon flag-icon-it"></span></div>
<br /> 13. Spain <div class="pull-right"><span class="flag-icon flag-icon-es"></span></div>
<br /> 14. Sweden <div class="pull-right"><span class="flag-icon flag-icon-se"></span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- end Chart of Five Eyes, Nine Eyes, and Fourteen Eyes -->
<a class="anchor" name="usa"></a>
<h3>Why is it not recommended to choose a US based service?</h3>
<img src="img/layout/USA.png" class="img-responsive pull-right" alt="USA" style="margin-left:10px;">
<p>Services based in the United States are not recommended because of the country’s surveillance programs, use of <a href="https://www.eff.org/issues/national-security-letters/faq">National Security Letters</a> (NSLs) and accompanying gag orders, which
forbid the recipient from talking about the request. This combination allows the government to <a href="https://www.schneier.com/blog/archives/2013/08/more_on_the_nsa.html">secretly force</a> companies to grant complete access to customer data and
transform the service into a tool of mass surveillance.</p>
<p>An example of this is <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lavabit#Suspension_and_gag_order">Lavabit</a> – a discontinued secure email service created by Ladar Levison. The FBI <a href="http://motherboard.vice.com/blog/lavabit-founder-ladar-levison-discusses-his-federal-battle-for-privacy">requested</a> Snowden’s records after finding out that he used the service. Since Lavabit did not keep logs and email content was stored encrypted, the FBI served a subpoena (with a gag order) for the service’s SSL keys. Having the SSL keys would allow them to access
communications (both metadata and unencrypted content) in real time for all of Lavabit’s customers, not just Snowden's.</p>
<p>Ultimately, Levison turned over the SSL keys and <a href="http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2014/may/20/why-did-lavabit-shut-down-snowden-email">shut down</a> the service at the same time. The US government then <a href="http://www.cnbc.com/id/100962389">threatened Levison with arrest</a>,
saying that shutting down the service was a violation of the court order.</p>
<h3>Related Information</h3>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://www.bestvpn.com/the-ultimate-privacy-guide/#avoidus">Avoid all US and UK based services</a></li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surespot#History">Proof that warrant canaries work based on the surespot example.</a></li>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UKUSA_Agreement">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UKUSA_Agreement</a></li>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lavabit#Suspension_and_gag_order">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lavabit#Suspension_and_gag_order</a></li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Key_disclosure_law">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Key_disclosure_law</a></li>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Mass_surveillance">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Mass_surveillance</a></li>
</ul>
<a class="anchor" name="vpn"></a>
<div class="page-header">
<h1><a href="#vpn" class="titleanchor"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-link"></span></a> VPN providers with extra layers of privacy</h1>
</div>
<div class="alert alert-success" role="alert">
<strong>All providers listed here are outside the US, use encryption, accept Bitcoin, support OpenVPN and have a no logging policy.</strong>
</div>
<br>
<!-- START VPN TABLE -->
<table class="sortable-theme-bootstrap" data-sortable>
<thead>
<tr>
<th data-sortable="true">Sortable VPN Providers Table</th>
<th data-sortable="true">Yearly Price</th>
<th data-sortable="true">Free Trial</th>
<th data-sortable="true" title="Number of Servers"># Servers</th>
<th data-sortable="true">Jurisdiction</th>
<th data-sortable="false">Website</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td data-value="AirVPN">
<a href="https://airvpn.org/"><img src="img/provider/AirVPN.gif" width="200" height="70"></a></td>
<td data-value="54">54 €</td>
<td><span class="label label-success">Yes</span></td>
<td>162</td>
<td><span class="flag-icon flag-icon-it"></span> Italy</td>
<td><a href="https://airvpn.org/">AirVPN.org</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td data-value="AzireVPN">
<a href="https://www.azirevpn.com/"><img src="img/provider/AzireVPN.gif" width="200" height="70"></a>
</td>
<td data-value="47.5">45 €</td> <!-- Nord costs $48, 47.5 rounded is 48 => didn't round this one after converting currencies; Note: Currencies converted 2016-11-28 -->
<td><span class="label label-warning">No</span></td>
<td>5</td>
<td><span class="flag-icon flag-icon-se"></span> Sweden</td>
<td><a href="https://www.azirevpn.com/">AzireVPN.com</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td data-value="blackVPN">
<a href="https://www.blackvpn.com/"><img src="img/provider/blackVPN.gif" width="200" height="70"></a>
</td>
<td data-value="105">99 €</td>
<td><span class="label label-success">Yes</span></td>
<td>27</td>
<td><span class="flag-icon flag-icon-hk"></span> Hong Kong</td>
<td><a href="https://www.blackvpn.com/">blackVPN.com</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td data-value="Cryptostorm">
<a href="https://cryptostorm.is/"><img src="img/provider/Cryptostorm.gif" width="200" height="70"></a>
</td>
<td data-value="52">$ 52</td>
<td><span class="label label-success">Yes</span></td>
<td>18</td>
<td><span class="flag-icon flag-icon-is"></span> Iceland</td>
<td><a href="https://cryptostorm.is/">Cryptostorm.is</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td data-value="EarthVPN">
<a href="http://www.earthvpn.com/"><img src="img/provider/EarthVPN.gif" width="200" height="70"></a>
</td>
<td data-value="42">39,99 €</td>
<td><span class="label label-warning">No</span></td>
<td>432</td>
<td><span class="flag-icon flag-icon-cy"></span> Northern Cyprus</td>
<td><a href="http://www.earthvpn.com/">EarthVPN.com</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td data-value="ExpressVPN">
<a href="https://www.expressvpn.com/"><img src="img/provider/ExpressVPN.gif" width="200" height="70"></a>
</td>
<td data-value="99.95">$ 99.95</td> <!-- USD on March 21, 2017 -->
<td><span class="label label-success">Yes</span></td>
<td>145</td>
<td><span class="flag-icon flag-icon-vg"></span> British Virgin Islands</td>
<td><a href="https://www.expressvpn.com/">ExpressVPN.com</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td data-value="FrootVPN">
<a href="https://www.frootvpn.com/"><img src="img/provider/FrootVPN.gif" width="200" height="70"></a>
</td>
<td data-value="36">$ 35.88</td>
<td><span class="label label-warning">No</span></td>
<td>27</td>
<td><span class="flag-icon flag-icon-se"></span> Sweden</td>
<td><a href="https://www.frootvpn.com/">FrootVPN.com</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td data-value="hide.me">
<a href="https://hide.me/"><img src="img/provider/hide.me.gif" width="200" height="70"></a>
</td>
<td data-value="65">$ 65.04</td>
<td><span class="label label-success">Yes</span></td>
<td>88</td>
<td><span class="flag-icon flag-icon-my"></span> Malaysia</td>
<td><a href="https://hide.me/">hide.me</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td data-value="IVPN">
<a href="https://www.ivpn.net/"><img src="img/provider/IVPN.gif" width="200" height="70"></a>
</td>
<td data-value="99.96">$ 99.96</td>
<td><span class="label label-success">Yes</span></td>
<td>21</td>
<td><span class="flag-icon flag-icon-gi"></span> Gibraltar</td>
<td><a href="https://www.ivpn.net/">IVPN.net</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td data-value="Mullvad">
<a href="https://mullvad.net/"><img src="img/provider/Mullvad.gif" width="200" height="70"></a>
</td>
<td data-value="63">60 €</td>
<td><span class="label label-success">Yes</span></td>
<td>52</td>
<td><span class="flag-icon flag-icon-se"></span> Sweden</td>
<td><a href="https://mullvad.net/">Mullvad.net</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td data-value="NordVPN">
<a href="https://nordvpn.com/"><img src="img/provider/NordVPN.gif" width="200" height="70"></a>
</td>
<td data-value="69">$ 69</td>
<td><span class="label label-success">Yes</span></td>
<td>475</td>
<td><span class="flag-icon flag-icon-pa"></span> Panama</td>
<td><a href="https://nordvpn.com/">NordVPN.com</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td data-value="OVPN.com">
<a href="https://www.ovpn.com/"><img src="img/provider/OVPN.gif" width="200" height="70"></a>
</td>
<td data-value="84">$ 84</td>
<td><span class="label label-success">Yes</span></td>
<td>30</td>
<td><span class="flag-icon flag-icon-se"></span> Sweden</td>
<td><a href="https://www.ovpn.com/">OVPN.com</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td data-value="Perfect Privacy">
<a href="https://www.perfect-privacy.com/"><img src="img/provider/Perfect-Privacy.gif" width="200" height="70"></a>
</td>
<td data-value="133">124.95 €</td>
<td><span class="label label-warning">No</span></td>
<td>41</td>
<td><span class="flag-icon flag-icon-pa"></span> Panama</td>
<td><a href="https://www.perfect-privacy.com/">Perfect-Privacy.com</a></td>
</tr>
<!--
"Warning: It has come to our attention that Privatoria are no longer supporting their service – its advised to try some other VPN provider." Source: https://www.deepdotweb.com/2016/01/03/privatoria-review/
<tr>
<td data-value="Privatoria">
<a href="https://privatoria.net/"><img src="img/provider/Privatoria.gif" width="200" height="70"></a>
</td>
<td data-value="23">$ 22.8</td>
<td><span class="label label-success">Yes</span></td>
<td>22</td>
<td><span class="flag-icon flag-icon-cz"></span> Czech Republic</td>
<td><a href="https://privatoria.net/">Privatoria.net</a></td>
</tr>
-->
<tr>
<td data-value="Proxy.sh">
<a href="https://proxy.sh/"><img src="img/provider/Proxy.sh.gif" width="200" height="70"></a>
</td>
<td data-value="90">$ 90</td>
<td><span class="label label-warning">No</span></td>
<td>300</td>
<td><span class="flag-icon flag-icon-sc"></span> Seychelles</td>
<td><a href="https://proxy.sh/">Proxy.sh</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td data-value="Trust.Zone">
<a href="https://trust.zone/"><img src="img/provider/Trust.Zone.gif" width="200" height="70"></a>
</td>
<td data-value="39.95">$ 39.95</td>
<td><span class="label label-success">Yes</span></td>
<td>48</td>
<td><span class="flag-icon flag-icon-sc"></span> Seychelles</td>
<td><a href="https://trust.zone/">Trust.Zone</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td data-value="VPN.ht">
<a href="https://vpn.ht/"><img src="img/provider/VPN.ht.gif" width="200" height="70"></a>
</td>
<td data-value="40">$ 39.99</td>
<td><span class="label label-warning">No</span></td>
<td>122</td>
<td><span class="flag-icon flag-icon-hk"></span> Hong Kong</td>
<td><a href="https://vpn.ht/">VPN.ht</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td data-value="VPNTunnel">
<a href="https://vpntunnel.com/"><img src="img/provider/VPNTunnel.gif" width="200" height="70"></a>
</td>
<td data-value="35.88">$ 35.88</td>
<td><span class="label label-warning">No</span></td>
<td>80</td>
<td><span class="flag-icon flag-icon-se"></span> Sweden</td>
<td><a href="https://vpntunnel.com/">VPNTunnel.com</a></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<!-- END VPN TABLE -->
<br>
<!-- yellow warning box about vpns and "no log" policies. -->
<div class="alert alert-warning" role="alert">
<strong>Note: Using a VPN provider will not make you anonymous. But it will give you a better privacy. A VPN is not a tool for illegal activities. Don't rely on a "no log" policy.</strong>
</div>
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6">
<!-- bullet list of VPN Provider Criteria
-->
<h3>Our VPN Provider Criteria</h3>
<ul>
<li>Operating outside the USA or other Five Eyes countries.
<br>More: <a href="https://www.bestvpn.com/the-ultimate-privacy-guide/#avoidus">Avoid all US and UK based services.</a></li>
<li>OpenVPN software support.</li>
<li>Accepts Bitcoin, cash, debit cards or cash cards as a payment method.</li>
<li>No personal information is required to create an account. Only username, password and <a href="#email"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-link"></span> Email.</a></li>
</ul>
<p>We're not affiliated with any of the above listed VPN providers. This way can give you honest recommendations.</p>
<h3>More VPN Provider</h3>
<p>
<a href="https://thatoneprivacysite.net/vpn-comparison-chart/">
Spreadsheet with unbiased, independently verifiable data on over 100 VPN services.
</a>
<a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/privacytoolsIO/comments/43d4zs/you_guys_might_be_interested_in_this_a/">
(Join the discussion on Reddit)
</a>
</p>
</div>
<!-- bullet list of VPN articles -->
<div class="col-md-6"><span class="pull-right">
<h3>Related VPN information</h3>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://torrentfreak.com/vpn-anonymous-review-160220/">Which VPN Services Take Your Anonymity Seriously? 2016</a><br />(<strong>Note:</strong> The providers listed first in the TorrentFreaks article are sponsored)</li>
<li><a href="http://torrentfreak.com/how-to-make-vpns-even-more-secure-120419/">How To Make VPNs Even More Secure</a></li>
<li><a href="https://blog.spideroak.com/20140124105217-vpn-privacy-anonymity">VPN, privacy and anonymity - SpiderOak</a></li>
<li><a href="https://vikingvpn.com/blogs/off-topic/beware-of-vpn-marketing-and-affiliate-programs">Beware of False Reviews - VPN Marketing and Affiliate Programs</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.goldenfrog.com/take-back-your-internet/articles/7-myths-about-vpn-logging-and-anonymity">I am Anonymous When I Use a VPN - 7 Myths Debunked</a><br />(<strong>Note:</strong> While this is a good read, they also use the article for self promotion)</li>
<li><a href="http://torrentfreak.com/proxy-sh-vpn-provider-monitored-traffic-to-catch-hacker-130930/">Proxy.sh VPN Provider Sniffed Server Traffic to Catch Hacker</a></li>
<li><a href="https://proxy.sh/panel/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=5">Ethical policy - All of the reasons why Proxy.sh might enable logging</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.ivpn.net/privacy">IVPN.net will collect your email and IP address after sign up</a><br />Read the <a data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="top" data-original-title="The IP collected at signup is only used for a few seconds by our fraud module and then discarded, it is not stored. Storing them would significantly increase our own liability and certainly would not be in our interest. You're absolutely welcome to signup using Tor or a VPN.">Email statement</a> from IVPN.</li>
<li><a href="https://medium.com/@blackVPN/no-logs-6d65d95a3016">blackVPN announced to delete connection logs after disconnection</a></li>
<li><a href="https://gist.github.com/kennwhite/1f3bc4d889b02b35d8aa">Don't use LT2P IPSec, use other protocols.</a></li>
</ul>
</span></div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- warrant canary -->
<a class="anchor" name="wc"></a>
<div class="page-header">
<h1><a href="#wc" class="titleanchor"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-link"></span></a> What is a warrant canary?</h1>
</div>
<img src="img/layout/warrant-canary.jpg" class="img-responsive pull-right" alt="Warrant Canary Example" style="margin-left:20px;">
<p>A warrant canary is a posted document stating that an organization has not received any secret subpoenas during a specific period of time. If this document fails to be updated during the specified time then the user is to assume that the service has
received such a subpoena and should stop using the service.</p>
<h4>Warrant Canary Examples:</h4>
<ol>
<li><a href="https://proxy.sh/canary">https://proxy.sh/canary</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.ivpn.net/resources/canary.txt">https://www.ivpn.net/resources/canary.txt</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.vpnsecure.me/files/canary.txt">https://www.vpnsecure.me/files/canary.txt</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.bolehvpn.net/canary.txt">https://www.bolehvpn.net/canary.txt</a></li>
<li><a href="https://lokun.is/canary.txt">https://lokun.is/canary.txt</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.ipredator.se/static/downloads/canary.txt">https://www.ipredator.se/static/downloads/canary.txt</a></li>
</ol>
<h4>Related Warrant Canary Information</h4>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://www.eff.org/de/deeplinks/2014/04/warrant-canary-faq">Warrant Canary Frequently Asked Questions</a></li>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warrant_canary#Companies_and_organizations_with_warrant_canaries">Companies and organizations with warrant canaries</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.schneier.com/blog/archives/2015/03/australia_outla.html">Warrant canary criticism by Bruce Schneier and an example of a law against warrant canaries.</a></li>
</ul>
<!-- browsers -->
<a class="anchor" name="browser"></a>
<div class="page-header">
<h1><a href="#browser" class="titleanchor"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-link"></span></a> Browser Recommendation</h1>
</div>
<div class="row">
<!-- browsers - tor browser -->
<div class="col-sm-4">
<div class="panel panel-success">
<div class="panel-heading">
<h3 class="panel-title">Tor Browser</h3>
</div>
<div class="panel-body">
<p><img src="img/tools/Tor-Project.png" align="right" style="margin-left:5px;">Tor Browser is your choice if you need an extra layer of anonymity. It's a modified version of Firefox, it comes with pre-installed privacy add-ons, encryption and an advanced
proxy.
</p>
<p>
<a href="https://www.torproject.org/">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-success">Download: torproject.org</button>
</a>
<a data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" data-original-title="http://expyuzz4wqqyqhjn.onion. Requires specific software to access: torproject.org" href="http://expyuzz4wqqyqhjn.onion"><img src="img/layout/tor.png" width="35"></img></a>
</p>
<p>OS: Windows, Mac, Linux, <a href="https://mike.tig.as/onionbrowser/">iOS</a>, <a href="https://www.torproject.org/docs/android.html.en">Android</a>, <a href="https://github.com/torbsd/openbsd-ports">OpenBSD.</a></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- browsers - firefox -->
<div class="col-sm-4">
<div class="panel panel-info">
<div class="panel-heading">
<h3 class="panel-title">Mozilla Firefox</h3>
</div>
<div class="panel-body">
<p><img src="img/tools/Firefox.png" align="right" style="margin-left:5px;">Firefox is fast, reliable, open source and respects your privacy. Don't forget to adjust the settings according to our
recommendations: <a href="#webrtc"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-link"></span> WebRTC</a> and <a href="#about_config"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-link"></span> about:config</a> and get the <a href="#addons"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-link"></span> privacy add-ons</a>.</p>
<p>
<a href="https://www.firefox.com/">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-info">Download: firefox.com</button>
</a>
</p>
<p>OS: Windows, Mac, Linux, Android, BSD.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- browsers - brave -->
<div class="col-sm-4">
<div class="panel panel-warning">
<div class="panel-heading">
<h3 class="panel-title">Brave</h3>
</div>
<div class="panel-body">
<p><img src="img/tools/Brave.png" align="right" style="margin-left:5px;">The new open source browser "Brave" automatically blocks ads and trackers, making it faster and safer than your current browser. Brave is based on Chromium.</p>
<p>
<a href="https://www.brave.com/">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-warning">Download: brave.com</button>
</a>
</p>
<p>OS: Windows, Mac, Linux, Android, iOS.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- IceCat removed
<div class="col-sm-4">
<div class="panel panel-info">
<div class="panel-heading">
<h3 class="panel-title">GNU IceCat</h3>
</div>
<div class="panel-body">
<p><img src="img/tools/IceCat.png" align="right" style="margin-left:5px;">GNU IceCat is a good choice for privacy related matters. It is a free software rebranding of the Mozilla Firefox web browser distributed by the GNU Project. IceCat comes with pre-installed privacy add-ons.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/gnuzilla/"><button type="button" class="btn btn-info">Download: www.gnu.org</button></a></p>
<p>OS: Windows, Mac, Linux, Android.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
-->
</div>
<!-- Browser Fingerprint -->
<a class="anchor" name="fingerprint"></a>
<!-- heading -->
<div class="page-header">
<h1><a href="#fingerprint" class="titleanchor"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-link"></span></a> Browser Fingerprint - Is your browser configuration unique?</h1>
</div>
<!-- yellow warning message about the browser sending unique information -->
<div class="alert alert-warning" role="alert">
<strong>Your Browser sends information that makes you unique amongst millions of users and therefore easy to identify.</strong>
</div>
<!-- fingerprint image to the right of the paragraphs -->
<img src="img/layout/browser-fingerprint.jpg" class="img-responsive pull-right" alt="Fingerprint image" style="margin-left:20px;">
<!-- first paragraph -->
<p>When you visit a web page, your browser voluntarily sends information about its configuration, such as available fonts, browser type, and add-ons. If this combination of information is unique, it may be possible to identify and track you without using
cookies. EFF created a Tool called <a href="https://panopticlick.eff.org/">Panopticlick</a> to test your browser to see how unique it is.</p>
<!-- First orange "test your browser now" button -->
<p>
<a href="https://panopticlick.eff.org/">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-warning">Test your Browser now</button>
</a>
</p>
<!-- second paragraph -->
<p>You need to find what <strong>most browsers</strong> are reporting, and then use those variables to bring your browser in the same population. This means having the same fonts, plugins, and extensions installed as the large installed base. You should
have a <a href="https://addons.mozilla.org/firefox/addon/random-agent-spoofer/">spoofed user agent string</a> to match what the large userbase has. You need have the same settings enabled and disabled, such as DNT and WebGL. You need your browser to
look as common as everyone else. Disabling JavaScript, using Linux, or even the TBB, will make your browser stick out from the masses.</p>
<!-- third paragraph -->
<p>Modern web browsers have not been architected to assure personal web privacy. Rather than worrying about being fingerprinted, it seems more practical to use <a href="#addons"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-link"></span> free software plugins</a> like Privacy Badger, uBlock Origin and Disconnect.
They not only respect your freedom, but your privacy also. You can get much further with these than trying to manipulate your browser's fingerprint.</p>
<!-- related information links -->
<h3>Related Information</h3>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://panopticlick.eff.org/static/browser-uniqueness.pdf">How Unique Is Your Web Browser? Peter Eckersley, EFF.</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/privacytoolsIO/comments/35pqyl/new_section_browser_fingerprint_is_your_browser/">Join our discussion on reddit.com about browser fingerprinting.</a></li>
<li><a href="#addons"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-link"></span> Our Firefox privacy add-ons section.</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.browserleaks.com/">BrowserLeaks.com</a> - Web browser security testing tools, that tell you what exactly personal identity data may be leaked without any permissions when you surf the Internet.</li>
</ul>
<!-- WebRTC IP Leak Test -->
<a class="anchor" name="webrtc"></a>
<div class="page-header">
<h1><a href="#webrtc" class="titleanchor"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-link"></span></a> WebRTC IP Leak Test - Is your IP address leaking?</h1>
</div>
<!-- red alert message about WebRTC being a new communication protocol... -->
<div class="alert alert-danger" role="alert">
<strong>WebRTC is a new communication protocol that relies on JavaScript that can leak your actual IP address from behind your VPN.</strong>
</div>
<!-- first sentence -->
<p>While software like NoScript prevents this, it's probably a good idea to block this protocol directly as well, just to be safe.</p>
<!-- orange "Test your Browser now" button -->
<p>
<a href="webrtc.html">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-warning">Test your Browser now</button>
</a>
</p>
<!-- heading: How to disable WRTC in Firefox? -->
<h3>How to disable WebRTC in Firefox?</h3>
<!-- steps on manually disabling WRTC in Firefox -->
<p>In short: Set "media.peerconnection.enabled" to "false" in "about:config".</p>
<p><strong>Explained:</strong></p>
<ol>
<li>Enter "about:config" in the firefox address bar and press enter.</li>
<li>Press the button "I'll be careful, I promise!"</li>
<li>Search for "media.peerconnection.enabled"</li>
<li>Double click the entry, the column "Value" should now be "false"</li>
<li>Done. Do the WebRTC leak test again.</li>
</ol>
<p>If you want to make sure every single WebRTC related setting is really disabled change these settings:</p>
<ol>
<li>media.peerconnection.turn.disable = true</li>
<li>media.peerconnection.use_document_iceservers = false</li>
<li>media.peerconnection.video.enabled = false</li>
<li>media.peerconnection.identity.timeout = 1</li>
</ol>
<p>Now you can be 100% sure WebRTC is disabled.</p>
<!-- the "Test your Browser again" button -->
<p>
<a href="webrtc.html">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Test your Browser again</button>
</a>
</p>
<!-- steps to manually disable WebRTC in Chrome -->
<h3>How to fix the WebRTC Leak in Google Chrome?</h3>
<p>There is no known working solution, only a plugin that is easily circumvented. Please use Firefox instead. </p>
<h3>What about other browsers?</h3>
<p>Chrome on iOS, Internet Explorer and Safari does not implement WebRTC yet. <a href="#browser"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-link"></span> But we recommend using Firefox on all devices.</a></p>
<!-- Firefox add-ons -->
<a class="anchor" name="addons"></a>
<div class="page-header">
<h1><a href="#addons" class="titleanchor"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-link"></span></a> Excellent Firefox Privacy Add-ons</h1>
</div>
<div class="alert alert-success" role="alert">
<strong>Improve your privacy with these excellent Firefox add-ons.</strong>
</div>
<h3>Stop Tracking with "Privacy Badger"</h3>
<img src="img/addons/Privacy-Badger.gif" class="img-responsive pull-left" alt="Privacy Badger" style="margin-right:30px;">
<p><strong>Privacy Badger</strong> is a browser add-on that stops advertisers and other third-party trackers from secretly tracking where you go and what pages you look at on the web. Privacy Badger learns about trackers as you browse by inspecting external resources websites request.
<br />
<a href="https://www.eff.org/privacybadger">https://www.eff.org/privacybadger/</a></p>
<h3>Block Ads and Trackers with "uBlock Origin"</h3>
<img src="img/addons/uBlock.gif" class="img-responsive pull-left" alt="uBlock" style="margin-right:30px;">
<p>An efficient <a href="https://github.com/gorhill/uBlock/wiki/Blocking-mode">wide-spectrum-blocker</a> that's easy on memory, and yet can load and enforce thousands more filters than other popular blockers out there. It has no monetization strategy and
is completely <a href="https://github.com/gorhill/uBlock/">open source</a>. We recommend Firefox but uBlock Origin also works in other browsers such as Safari, Opera, and Chromium. Unlike AdBlock Plus, uBlock does not allow so-called <a href="https://adblockplus.org/acceptable-ads">"acceptable ads"</a>.
<br />
<a href="https://addons.mozilla.org/firefox/addon/ublock-origin/">https://addons.mozilla.org/firefox/addon/ublock-origin/</a>
</p>
<!--
<img src="img/addons/Disconnect.gif" class="img-responsive pull-left" alt="Disconnect" style="margin-right:30px;">
<p>Founded in 2011 by former Google engineers and a consumer-and privacy-rights attorney. The addon is open source and loads the pages you go to 27% faster and stops tracking by 2,000+ third-party sites. It also keeps your searches private. If you are planning to install "uBlock Origin" make sure to install "Disconnect" first. <strong>Alternative to Disconnect:</strong> <a href="https://addons.mozilla.org/firefox/addon/privacy-badger-firefox/">Privacy Badger by EFF</a>
<br />
<a href="https://addons.mozilla.org/firefox/addon/disconnect/">https://addons.mozilla.org/firefox/addon/disconnect/</a>
</p>
<h3>Hinder Browser Fingerprinting with "Random Agent Spoofer"</h3>
<img src="img/addons/Random-Agent-Spoofer.gif" class="img-responsive pull-left" alt="Random Agent Spoofer" style="margin-right:30px;">
<p>A privacy enhancing firefox addon which aims to hinder browser fingerprinting. It does this by changing the browser/device profile on a timer. Source code: <a href="https://github.com/dillbyrne/random-agent-spoofer">GitHub.</a>
<br />
<a href="https://addons.mozilla.org/firefox/addon/random-agent-spoofer/">https://addons.mozilla.org/firefox/addon/random-agent-spoofer/</a></p>
-->
<h3>Automatically Delete Cookies with "Self-Destructing Cookies"</h3>
<img src="img/addons/Self-Destructing-Cookies.gif" class="img-responsive pull-left" alt="Self-Destructing Cookies" style="margin-right:30px;">
<p>Automatically removes cookies when they are no longer used by open browser tabs. With the cookies, lingering sessions, as well as information used to spy on you, will be expunged.
<br />
<a href="https://addons.mozilla.org/firefox/addon/self-destructing-cookies/">https://addons.mozilla.org/firefox/addon/self-destructing-cookies/</a></p>
<h3>Encryption with "HTTPS Everywhere"</h3>
<img src="img/addons/HTTPS-Everywhere.gif" class="img-responsive pull-left" alt="HTTPS Everywhere" style="margin-right:30px;">
<p>A Firefox, Chrome, and Opera extension that encrypts your communications with many major websites, making your browsing more secure. A collaboration between The Tor Project and the Electronic Frontier Foundation.
<br />
<a href="https://www.eff.org/https-everywhere">https://www.eff.org/https-everywhere</a></p>
<h3>Block Content Delivery Networks with "Decentraleyes"</h3>
<img src="img/addons/Decentraleyes.gif" class="img-responsive pull-left" alt="HTTPS Everywhere" style="margin-right:30px;">
<p>Emulates Content Delivery Networks locally by intercepting requests, finding the required resource and injecting it into the environment. This all happens instantaneously, automatically, and no prior configuration is required. Source code: <a href="https://github.com/Synzvato/decentraleyes">GitHub.</a>
<br />
<a href="https://addons.mozilla.org/firefox/addon/decentraleyes/">https://addons.mozilla.org/firefox/addon/decentraleyes/</a></p>
<br>
<div class="alert alert-warning" role="alert">
<strong>The following add-ons require quite a lot of interaction from user to get things working. Some sites will not work properly until you have configured the add-ons.</strong>
</div>
<!--
<h3>Stop cross-site requests with "Request Policy"</h3>
<img src="img/addons/Request-Policy.gif" class="img-responsive pull-left" alt="Request Policy" style="margin-right:30px;">
<p>Many websites integrate features which let other websites track you, such as Facebook Like Buttons or Google Analytics. Request Policy gives you control over the requests that websites make to other websites. This gives you greater and more fine grained control over the information that you leak online.
<br />
<a href="https://requestpolicycontinued.github.io/">https://requestpolicycontinued.github.io/</a>
</p>
-->
<h3>Stop cross-site requests with "uMatrix"</h3>
<img src="img/addons/uMatrix.gif" class="img-responsive pull-left" alt="uMatrix" style="margin-right:30px;">
<p>Many websites integrate features which let other websites track you, such as Facebook Like Buttons or Google Analytics. uMatrix gives you control over the requests that websites make to other websites. This gives you greater and more fine grained control
over the information that you leak online.
<br />
<a href="https://addons.mozilla.org/firefox/addon/umatrix/">https://addons.mozilla.org/firefox/addon/umatrix/</a>
</p>
<h3>Be in total control with "NoScript Security Suite"</h3>
<img src="img/addons/NoScript.gif" class="img-responsive pull-left" alt="NoScript" style="margin-right:30px;">
<p>
Highly customizable plugin to selectively allow Javascript, Java, and Flash to run only on websites you trust. Not for casual users, it requires technical knowledge to configure.
<br />
<a href="https://addons.mozilla.org/firefox/addon/noscript/">https://addons.mozilla.org/firefox/addon/noscript/</a>
</p>
<!-- about:config tweaks for Firefox -->
<a class="anchor" name="about_config"></a>
<div class="page-header">
<h1><a href="#about_config" class="titleanchor"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-link"></span></a> Firefox: Privacy Related "about:config" Tweaks</h1>
</div>
<div class="alert alert-success" role="alert">This is a collection of privacy related <strong>about:config</strong> tweaks. We'll show you how to enhance the privacy of your Firefox browser.</div>
<!-- preparation list -->
<h3>Preparation:</h3>
<ol>
<li>Enter "about:config" in the firefox address bar and press enter.</li>
<li>Press the button "I'll be careful, I promise!"</li>
<li>Follow the instructions below...</li>
</ol>
<!-- Getting started list -->
<h3>Getting started:</h3>
<ol>
<li>privacy.trackingprotection.enabled = true</li>
<ul>
<li>This is Mozilla’s new built in tracking protection. It uses Disconnect.me filter list, which is redundant if you are already using uBlock Origin 3rd party filters, therefore you should set it to false if you are using the add-on functionalities.</li>
</ul>
<li>geo.enabled = false</li>
<ul>
<li>Disables geolocation.</li>
</ul>
<li>browser.safebrowsing.phishing.enabled = false</li>
<ul>
<li>Disable Google Safe Browsing and phishing protection. Security risk, but privacy improvement.</li>
</ul>
<li>browser.safebrowsing.malware.enabled = false</li>
<ul>
<li>Disable Google Safe Browsing malware checks. Security risk, but privacy improvement.</li>
</ul>
<li>dom.event.clipboardevents.enabled = false</li>
<ul>
<li>Disable that websites can get notifications if you copy, paste, or cut something from a web page, and it lets them know which part of the page had been selected.</li>
</ul>
<li>network.cookie.cookieBehavior = 1</li>
<ul>
<li>Disable cookies</li>
<li>0 = Accept all cookies by default</li>
<li>1 = Only accept from the originating site (block third party cookies)</li>
<li>2 = Block all cookies by default</li>
</ul>
<li>network.cookie.lifetimePolicy = 2</li>
<ul>
<li>cookies are deleted at the end of the session</li>
<li>0 = Accept cookies normally</li>
<li>1 = Prompt for each cookie</li>
<li>2 = Accept for current session only</li>
<li>3 = Accept for N days</li>
</ul>
<li>browser.cache.offline.enable = false</li>
<ul>
<li>Disables offline cache.</li>
</ul>
<li>browser.send_pings = false</li>
<ul>
<li>The attribute would be useful for letting websites track visitors’ clicks. </li>
</ul>