diff --git a/index.js b/index.js
index e69de29bb2..ce396f8e6a 100644
--- a/index.js
+++ b/index.js
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+var recipes = new Object()
+
+function updateObjectWithKeyAndValue(object, key, value) {
+  return Object.assign({}, object, {[key]: value})
+}
+
+function destructivelyUpdateObjectWithKeyAndValue(object, key, value) {
+  object[key] = value
+  return object
+}
+
+function deleteFromObjectByKey(object, key) {
+  var newObj = Object.assign({}, object)
+  delete newObj[key]
+  return newObj
+}
+
+function destructivelyDeleteFromObjectByKey(object, key) {
+  delete object[key]
+  return object
+}
\ No newline at end of file