-
Notifications
You must be signed in to change notification settings - Fork 0
/
Copy pathour-art.html
523 lines (483 loc) · 27.1 KB
/
our-art.html
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset='UTF-8'><meta name='viewport' content='width=device-width initial-scale=1'>
<title>our-art</title><link href='https://fonts.loli.net/css?family=Open+Sans:400italic,700italic,700,400&subset=latin,latin-ext' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css' /><style type='text/css'>html {overflow-x: initial !important;}:root { --bg-color:#ffffff; --text-color:#333333; --select-text-bg-color:#B5D6FC; --select-text-font-color:auto; --monospace:"Lucida Console",Consolas,"Courier",monospace; }
html { font-size: 14px; background-color: var(--bg-color); color: var(--text-color); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; }
body { margin: 0px; padding: 0px; height: auto; bottom: 0px; top: 0px; left: 0px; right: 0px; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.42857; overflow-x: hidden; background: inherit; tab-size: 4; }
iframe { margin: auto; }
a.url { word-break: break-all; }
a:active, a:hover { outline: 0px; }
.in-text-selection, ::selection { text-shadow: none; background: var(--select-text-bg-color); color: var(--select-text-font-color); }
#write { margin: 0px auto; height: auto; width: inherit; word-break: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; white-space: normal; overflow-x: visible; padding-top: 40px; }
#write.first-line-indent p { text-indent: 2em; }
#write.first-line-indent li p, #write.first-line-indent p * { text-indent: 0px; }
#write.first-line-indent li { margin-left: 2em; }
.for-image #write { padding-left: 8px; padding-right: 8px; }
body.typora-export { padding-left: 30px; padding-right: 30px; }
.typora-export .footnote-line, .typora-export li, .typora-export p { white-space: pre-wrap; }
@media screen and (max-width: 500px) {
body.typora-export { padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; }
#write { padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px; }
.CodeMirror-sizer { margin-left: 0px !important; }
.CodeMirror-gutters { display: none !important; }
}
#write li > figure:last-child { margin-bottom: 0.5rem; }
#write ol, #write ul { position: relative; }
img { max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; }
button, input, select, textarea { color: inherit; font: inherit; }
input[type="checkbox"], input[type="radio"] { line-height: normal; padding: 0px; }
*, ::after, ::before { box-sizing: border-box; }
#write h1, #write h2, #write h3, #write h4, #write h5, #write h6, #write p, #write pre { width: inherit; }
#write h1, #write h2, #write h3, #write h4, #write h5, #write h6, #write p { position: relative; }
p { line-height: inherit; }
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 { break-after: avoid-page; break-inside: avoid; orphans: 4; }
p { orphans: 4; }
h1 { font-size: 2rem; }
h2 { font-size: 1.8rem; }
h3 { font-size: 1.6rem; }
h4 { font-size: 1.4rem; }
h5 { font-size: 1.2rem; }
h6 { font-size: 1rem; }
.md-math-block, .md-rawblock, h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, p { margin-top: 1rem; margin-bottom: 1rem; }
.hidden { display: none; }
.md-blockmeta { color: rgb(204, 204, 204); font-weight: 700; font-style: italic; }
a { cursor: pointer; }
sup.md-footnote { padding: 2px 4px; background-color: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.7); color: rgb(85, 85, 85); border-radius: 4px; cursor: pointer; }
sup.md-footnote a, sup.md-footnote a:hover { color: inherit; text-transform: inherit; text-decoration: inherit; }
#write input[type="checkbox"] { cursor: pointer; width: inherit; height: inherit; }
figure { overflow-x: auto; margin: 1.2em 0px; max-width: calc(100% + 16px); padding: 0px; }
figure > table { margin: 0px !important; }
tr { break-inside: avoid; break-after: auto; }
thead { display: table-header-group; }
table { border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; width: 100%; overflow: auto; break-inside: auto; text-align: left; }
table.md-table td { min-width: 32px; }
.CodeMirror-gutters { border-right: 0px; background-color: inherit; }
.CodeMirror-linenumber { user-select: none; }
.CodeMirror { text-align: left; }
.CodeMirror-placeholder { opacity: 0.3; }
.CodeMirror pre { padding: 0px 4px; }
.CodeMirror-lines { padding: 0px; }
div.hr:focus { cursor: none; }
#write pre { white-space: pre-wrap; }
#write.fences-no-line-wrapping pre { white-space: pre; }
#write pre.ty-contain-cm { white-space: normal; }
.CodeMirror-gutters { margin-right: 4px; }
.md-fences { font-size: 0.9rem; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; overflow: visible; white-space: pre; background: inherit; position: relative !important; }
.md-diagram-panel { width: 100%; margin-top: 10px; text-align: center; padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 8px; overflow-x: auto; }
#write .md-fences.mock-cm { white-space: pre-wrap; }
.md-fences.md-fences-with-lineno { padding-left: 0px; }
#write.fences-no-line-wrapping .md-fences.mock-cm { white-space: pre; overflow-x: auto; }
.md-fences.mock-cm.md-fences-with-lineno { padding-left: 8px; }
.CodeMirror-line, twitterwidget { break-inside: avoid; }
.footnotes { opacity: 0.8; font-size: 0.9rem; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em; }
.footnotes + .footnotes { margin-top: 0px; }
.md-reset { margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: top; background: 0px 0px; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; float: none; position: static; width: auto; height: auto; white-space: nowrap; cursor: inherit; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; line-height: normal; font-weight: 400; text-align: left; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; }
li div { padding-top: 0px; }
blockquote { margin: 1rem 0px; }
li .mathjax-block, li p { margin: 0.5rem 0px; }
li { margin: 0px; position: relative; }
blockquote > :last-child { margin-bottom: 0px; }
blockquote > :first-child, li > :first-child { margin-top: 0px; }
.footnotes-area { color: rgb(136, 136, 136); margin-top: 0.714rem; padding-bottom: 0.143rem; white-space: normal; }
#write .footnote-line { white-space: pre-wrap; }
@media print {
body, html { border: 1px solid transparent; height: 99%; break-after: avoid; break-before: avoid; font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; }
#write { margin-top: 0px; padding-top: 0px; border-color: transparent !important; }
.typora-export * { -webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; }
html.blink-to-pdf { font-size: 13px; }
.typora-export #write { padding-left: 32px; padding-right: 32px; padding-bottom: 0px; break-after: avoid; }
.typora-export #write::after { height: 0px; }
}
.footnote-line { margin-top: 0.714em; font-size: 0.7em; }
a img, img a { cursor: pointer; }
pre.md-meta-block { font-size: 0.8rem; min-height: 0.8rem; white-space: pre-wrap; background: rgb(204, 204, 204); display: block; overflow-x: hidden; }
p > .md-image:only-child:not(.md-img-error) img, p > img:only-child { display: block; margin: auto; }
#write.first-line-indent p > .md-image:only-child:not(.md-img-error) img { left: -2em; position: relative; }
p > .md-image:only-child { display: inline-block; width: 100%; }
#write .MathJax_Display { margin: 0.8em 0px 0px; }
.md-math-block { width: 100%; }
.md-math-block:not(:empty)::after { display: none; }
[contenteditable="true"]:active, [contenteditable="true"]:focus, [contenteditable="false"]:active, [contenteditable="false"]:focus { outline: 0px; box-shadow: none; }
.md-task-list-item { position: relative; list-style-type: none; }
.task-list-item.md-task-list-item { padding-left: 0px; }
.md-task-list-item > input { position: absolute; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin-left: -1.2em; margin-top: calc(1em - 10px); border: none; }
.math { font-size: 1rem; }
.md-toc { min-height: 3.58rem; position: relative; font-size: 0.9rem; border-radius: 10px; }
.md-toc-content { position: relative; margin-left: 0px; }
.md-toc-content::after, .md-toc::after { display: none; }
.md-toc-item { display: block; color: rgb(65, 131, 196); }
.md-toc-item a { text-decoration: none; }
.md-toc-inner:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
.md-toc-inner { display: inline-block; cursor: pointer; }
.md-toc-h1 .md-toc-inner { margin-left: 0px; font-weight: 700; }
.md-toc-h2 .md-toc-inner { margin-left: 2em; }
.md-toc-h3 .md-toc-inner { margin-left: 4em; }
.md-toc-h4 .md-toc-inner { margin-left: 6em; }
.md-toc-h5 .md-toc-inner { margin-left: 8em; }
.md-toc-h6 .md-toc-inner { margin-left: 10em; }
@media screen and (max-width: 48em) {
.md-toc-h3 .md-toc-inner { margin-left: 3.5em; }
.md-toc-h4 .md-toc-inner { margin-left: 5em; }
.md-toc-h5 .md-toc-inner { margin-left: 6.5em; }
.md-toc-h6 .md-toc-inner { margin-left: 8em; }
}
a.md-toc-inner { font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; }
.footnote-line a:not(.reversefootnote) { color: inherit; }
.md-attr { display: none; }
.md-fn-count::after { content: "."; }
code, pre, samp, tt { font-family: var(--monospace); }
kbd { margin: 0px 0.1em; padding: 0.1em 0.6em; font-size: 0.8em; color: rgb(36, 39, 41); background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 1px solid rgb(173, 179, 185); border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: rgba(12, 13, 14, 0.2) 0px 1px 0px, rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 0px 0px 2px inset; white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: middle; }
.md-comment { color: rgb(162, 127, 3); opacity: 0.8; font-family: var(--monospace); }
code { text-align: left; vertical-align: initial; }
a.md-print-anchor { white-space: pre !important; border-width: initial !important; border-style: none !important; border-color: initial !important; display: inline-block !important; position: absolute !important; width: 1px !important; right: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; background: 0px 0px !important; text-decoration: initial !important; text-shadow: initial !important; }
.md-inline-math .MathJax_SVG .noError { display: none !important; }
.html-for-mac .inline-math-svg .MathJax_SVG { vertical-align: 0.2px; }
.md-math-block .MathJax_SVG_Display { text-align: center; margin: 0px; position: relative; text-indent: 0px; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-height: 0px; min-width: 100%; width: auto; overflow-y: hidden; display: block !important; }
.MathJax_SVG_Display, .md-inline-math .MathJax_SVG_Display { width: auto; margin: inherit; display: inline-block !important; }
.MathJax_SVG .MJX-monospace { font-family: var(--monospace); }
.MathJax_SVG .MJX-sans-serif { font-family: sans-serif; }
.MathJax_SVG { display: inline; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; line-height: normal; zoom: 90%; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; }
.MathJax_SVG * { transition: none 0s ease 0s; }
.MathJax_SVG_Display svg { vertical-align: middle !important; margin-bottom: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; }
.os-windows.monocolor-emoji .md-emoji { font-family: "Segoe UI Symbol", sans-serif; }
.md-diagram-panel > svg { max-width: 100%; }
[lang="flow"] svg, [lang="mermaid"] svg { max-width: 100%; height: auto; }
[lang="mermaid"] .node text { font-size: 1rem; }
table tr th { border-bottom: 0px; }
video { max-width: 100%; display: block; margin: 0px auto; }
iframe { max-width: 100%; width: 100%; border: none; }
.highlight td, .highlight tr { border: 0px; }
svg[id^="mermaidChart"] { line-height: 1em; }
mark { background: rgb(255, 255, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); }
.md-html-inline .md-plain, .md-html-inline strong, mark .md-inline-math, mark strong { color: inherit; }
mark .md-meta { color: rgb(0, 0, 0); opacity: 0.3 !important; }
:root {
--side-bar-bg-color: #fafafa;
--control-text-color: #777;
}
@include-when-export url(https://fonts.loli.net/css?family=Open+Sans:400italic,700italic,700,400&subset=latin,latin-ext);
html {
font-size: 16px;
}
body {
font-family: "Open Sans","Clear Sans","Helvetica Neue",Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;
color: rgb(51, 51, 51);
line-height: 1.6;
}
#write {
max-width: 860px;
margin: 0 auto;
padding: 30px;
padding-bottom: 100px;
}
@media only screen and (min-width: 1400px) {
#write {
max-width: 1024px;
}
}
@media only screen and (min-width: 1800px) {
#write {
max-width: 1200px;
}
}
#write > ul:first-child,
#write > ol:first-child{
margin-top: 30px;
}
a {
color: #4183C4;
}
h1,
h2,
h3,
h4,
h5,
h6 {
position: relative;
margin-top: 1rem;
margin-bottom: 1rem;
font-weight: bold;
line-height: 1.4;
cursor: text;
}
h1:hover a.anchor,
h2:hover a.anchor,
h3:hover a.anchor,
h4:hover a.anchor,
h5:hover a.anchor,
h6:hover a.anchor {
text-decoration: none;
}
h1 tt,
h1 code {
font-size: inherit;
}
h2 tt,
h2 code {
font-size: inherit;
}
h3 tt,
h3 code {
font-size: inherit;
}
h4 tt,
h4 code {
font-size: inherit;
}
h5 tt,
h5 code {
font-size: inherit;
}
h6 tt,
h6 code {
font-size: inherit;
}
h1 {
padding-bottom: .3em;
font-size: 2.25em;
line-height: 1.2;
border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;
}
h2 {
padding-bottom: .3em;
font-size: 1.75em;
line-height: 1.225;
border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;
}
h3 {
font-size: 1.5em;
line-height: 1.43;
}
h4 {
font-size: 1.25em;
}
h5 {
font-size: 1em;
}
h6 {
font-size: 1em;
color: #777;
}
p,
blockquote,
ul,
ol,
dl,
table{
margin: 0.8em 0;
}
li>ol,
li>ul {
margin: 0 0;
}
hr {
height: 2px;
padding: 0;
margin: 16px 0;
background-color: #e7e7e7;
border: 0 none;
overflow: hidden;
box-sizing: content-box;
}
li p.first {
display: inline-block;
}
ul,
ol {
padding-left: 30px;
}
ul:first-child,
ol:first-child {
margin-top: 0;
}
ul:last-child,
ol:last-child {
margin-bottom: 0;
}
blockquote {
border-left: 4px solid #dfe2e5;
padding: 0 15px;
color: #777777;
}
blockquote blockquote {
padding-right: 0;
}
table {
padding: 0;
word-break: initial;
}
table tr {
border-top: 1px solid #dfe2e5;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
table tr:nth-child(2n),
thead {
background-color: #f8f8f8;
}
table tr th {
font-weight: bold;
border: 1px solid #dfe2e5;
border-bottom: 0;
margin: 0;
padding: 6px 13px;
}
table tr td {
border: 1px solid #dfe2e5;
margin: 0;
padding: 6px 13px;
}
table tr th:first-child,
table tr td:first-child {
margin-top: 0;
}
table tr th:last-child,
table tr td:last-child {
margin-bottom: 0;
}
.CodeMirror-lines {
padding-left: 4px;
}
.code-tooltip {
box-shadow: 0 1px 1px 0 rgba(0,28,36,.3);
border-top: 1px solid #eef2f2;
}
.md-fences,
code,
tt {
border: 1px solid #e7eaed;
background-color: #f8f8f8;
border-radius: 3px;
padding: 0;
padding: 2px 4px 0px 4px;
font-size: 0.9em;
}
code {
background-color: #f3f4f4;
padding: 0 2px 0 2px;
}
.md-fences {
margin-bottom: 15px;
margin-top: 15px;
padding-top: 8px;
padding-bottom: 6px;
}
.md-task-list-item > input {
margin-left: -1.3em;
}
@media print {
html {
font-size: 13px;
}
table,
pre {
page-break-inside: avoid;
}
pre {
word-wrap: break-word;
}
}
.md-fences {
background-color: #f8f8f8;
}
#write pre.md-meta-block {
padding: 1rem;
font-size: 85%;
line-height: 1.45;
background-color: #f7f7f7;
border: 0;
border-radius: 3px;
color: #777777;
margin-top: 0 !important;
}
.mathjax-block>.code-tooltip {
bottom: .375rem;
}
.md-mathjax-midline {
background: #fafafa;
}
#write>h3.md-focus:before{
left: -1.5625rem;
top: .375rem;
}
#write>h4.md-focus:before{
left: -1.5625rem;
top: .285714286rem;
}
#write>h5.md-focus:before{
left: -1.5625rem;
top: .285714286rem;
}
#write>h6.md-focus:before{
left: -1.5625rem;
top: .285714286rem;
}
.md-image>.md-meta {
/*border: 1px solid #ddd;*/
border-radius: 3px;
padding: 2px 0px 0px 4px;
font-size: 0.9em;
color: inherit;
}
.md-tag {
color: #a7a7a7;
opacity: 1;
}
.md-toc {
margin-top:20px;
padding-bottom:20px;
}
.sidebar-tabs {
border-bottom: none;
}
#typora-quick-open {
border: 1px solid #ddd;
background-color: #f8f8f8;
}
#typora-quick-open-item {
background-color: #FAFAFA;
border-color: #FEFEFE #e5e5e5 #e5e5e5 #eee;
border-style: solid;
border-width: 1px;
}
/** focus mode */
.on-focus-mode blockquote {
border-left-color: rgba(85, 85, 85, 0.12);
}
header, .context-menu, .megamenu-content, footer{
font-family: "Segoe UI", "Arial", sans-serif;
}
.file-node-content:hover .file-node-icon,
.file-node-content:hover .file-node-open-state{
visibility: visible;
}
.mac-seamless-mode #typora-sidebar {
background-color: #fafafa;
background-color: var(--side-bar-bg-color);
}
.md-lang {
color: #b4654d;
}
.html-for-mac .context-menu {
--item-hover-bg-color: #E6F0FE;
}
#md-notification .btn {
border: 0;
}
.dropdown-menu .divider {
border-color: #e5e5e5;
}
.ty-preferences .window-content {
background-color: #fafafa;
}
.ty-preferences .nav-group-item.active {
color: white;
background: #999;
}
</style>
</head>
<body class='typora-export' >
<div id='write' class = 'is-node'><h1><a name="mona-from-public-art-to-our-art-with-a-mobile-app" class="md-header-anchor"></a><span>MONA: from public art to </span><em><span>our</span></em><span> art with a mobile app</span></h1><p><span>Lena Krause, DH2020v, book of abstracts (to be published)</span></p><p><em><a href='lenamk.site/#ourart'><span>This version</span></a><span> of the text evolves as thoughts, comments and discussions come along. The published version will be made available as soon as possible</span></em></p><hr /><p><span>The term “public art” commonly designates the sculptures, monuments, and murals that adorn our cities. Although this art form can be ignored or go unnoticed (Veyne, 1988), recent events have led to many interactions with it. On the one hand, the Covid-19 pandemic has brought attention to the subject of access to culture. Due to confinement and imposed social distancing measures, citizens rediscovered their urban settings and thus renewed their interest for public art. On the other hand, the Black Lives Matter movement has revived debates over which artworks should be publicly displayed. The statue of the slave trader Edward Colston in Bristol is a historical symbol of white dominant colonial history. Far from an act of gratuitous “vandalism,” its toppling by protesters can rather be understood as an outcry of citizens whose voices have not been listened to. They therefore took matters into their own hands and, as a result, took part in the curation of their city’s public art collection. The destruction of art is recurrent in history, and its motives range from political upheavals to a variety of misunderstandings (Gamboni, 2007). Yet, even when confronted with such “monumental controversies” (Senie, 2019), decisions and discourses about public art are mostly generated by local government officers, politicians, cultural workers, or journalists. Although citizens are sometimes invited to be part of public art commissions, they usually lack the opportunity to voice their opinion. They are considered to be the recipients of public art policies whose aims are to elevate their culture and spirit. </span></p><p><span>This top-down approach attributes a passive role to spectators, and such conception permeates onto the tools that promote public art. Our research into contemporary mobile applications dedicated to this art form reveals that most apps provide limited interactivity. They are digital equivalents of traditional guidebooks, enhanced with geolocation and audio-guides (</span><a href='https://web.archive.org/web/20180809115923/https://www.publicartchicago.org'><em><span>Chicago Public Art</span></em></a><span>, 2015, </span><a href='https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.otocast.app'><em><span>Otocast</span></em></a><span>, 2019). More responsive, the </span><a href='https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=ch.mobilethinking.asr$'><em><span>ARTsansRDV</span></em></a><span> app (Geneva, Switzerland, 2015) adapts the audio content to the user’s location. Nevertheless, these digital tools provide selected information. They instruct users on how to perceive the artworks from the perspective of cultural elites, leaving little room for individual perception and interpretation. This one-sided approach explains the lack of participatory features. The </span><a href='http://publicartmuseum.net/wiki/À_propos'><em><span>AtlasMuseum</span></em></a><span>’s app (now deprecated) invited to greater involvement as the project aims to make an inventory of public artworks through crowdsourcing (Pringuet, 2017). However, this active stance requires previous knowledge and focuses on informative documentation. </span></p><p><span>The underlying goal of these institutions has been to remove the geographical and financial divide, and thus democratize access to art (Donnat and Tolila, 2003: 8). However, even after “extracting culture from its symbolic and architectural shell” (Ghebaur, 2013: 709), interacting with it remains difficult. Whether it is in the choice of what is represented or in the way one should understand it, citizens are subjected to a sort of “institutional tyranny.” The MONA app was created to rethink public art, as a reminder to define it not only through location or funding, but also as a common property. Its name derives from a pun, with </span><em><span>mon</span></em><span> (my, the possessive pronoun) placed in front of the letter “a” for art and app alike. The app has two main goals. It confers citizens the right to have their own interpretation of public artworks. It also symbolically grants each individual their share of responsibility and accountability in their artistic environment.</span></p><p><span>This free and open source app aligns basic smartphone functionalities with art discovery through gamification, personalization, and imagination. Each artwork is mapped and users are invited to search for them as in a life-sized treasure hunt. Once discovered, they interact with the art via mobile photography. They capture their own perspective of the artwork, voice their opinion through a short comment and produce a rating of their experience. Each discovery adds to their personal collection, which becomes over time a catalog illustrated by their own photographs. As the collection expands, the user receives badges as a reward and encouragement to pursue their exploration. No previous artistic knowledge is required as the app accompanies users in their discoveries, observations and interpretations of the artworks. Conversely, group activities (temporarily online) are organized to help those less confortable with the use of technologies to apprehend the workings of the app.</span></p><p><img src="/home/lenamk/Documents/Cloud/Conferences/DH2020/Krause_707_figure1.png" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"></p><p><span>Figure 1: Map and Collection (iOS, 2018 prototype). Screenshots of the MONA app after an on-campus beta-testing activity. CC BY 2.0</span></p><p><span>Fostering the emergence of the public's opinions has a civil and an academic purpose. The photographs, comments, and ratings provided by the users are collected anonymously on university servers (under our </span><a href='http://artetsite.org/privacy'><span>privacy policy</span></a><span>). These will allow us to study, for the first time, how people see, feel and think about public art. Research and publications derived from the app aim to share these responses, giving authority to the participation of citizens. Now more than ever, people express an active interest in the historical and cultural representations that shape their city’s image and identities. MONA users are therefore encouraged to participate in sharing their discoveries and opinions on social media. All ─ including artists, historians and political figures, but also families, local dog-walkers and curious teenagers ─ get to share their thoughts on historical figures commemorated in their neighbourhood parks. This is a particularly vivid example for the MONA team since the nearest artwork from our headquarters is the bust of Christopher Columbus (Armand De Palma, 1976, Montreal’s public art collection). Altogether, such bottom-up structure creates opportunities to hear from a diversity of people, which is not only valuable for our society but also provides a unique and innovative research field.</span></p><p><span>Our singular take on public art is the result of a practical, "real-life" approach that corresponds to DH methods for a knowledge base grounded in making and experimentation (Burdick et al., 2012). The app's metadata is provided by Montréal and Québec's open data platforms. The iOS and Android apps are each developed in the native languages, Swift and Java respectively, in order to meet industry standards and user expectations. First prototyped in the class room, MONA has become a collaborative project uniting students in art history, computer science, design, and more. Combining a research project (Art+site) with the work of a non-profit organisation (La Maison MONA), we offer new approaches to the study of public art while also encouraging rich and critical exchanges between all citizens. As digital alternatives flourish in the cultural field, we endeavour to offer physical access to culture and to use the digital realm to create a space of expression for new and unheard voices. Each contribution makes it a little more </span><em><span>our</span></em><span> art, aiming to bridge social and cultural divides by taking into account our society’s diversity and complexity.</span></p><p><strong><span>References</span></strong></p><p><span> </span><strong><span>Burdick, A., Drucker, J., Lunenfeld, P., Presner, T. S. and Schnapp, J. T.</span></strong><span> (2012). </span><em><span>Digital Humanities</span></em><span>. Cambridge, Mass.; London: The MIT Press.</span></p><p><span> </span><strong><span>Donnat, O. and Tolila, P. (eds).</span></strong><span> (2003). </span><em><span>Le(s) Public(s) de La Culturec: Politiques Publiques et Équipements Culturels</span></em><span>. Paris: Presses de la fondation nationale des sciences politiques.</span></p><p><span> </span><strong><span>Gamboni, D.</span></strong><span> (2007). </span><em><span>The Destruction of Art: Iconoclasm and Vandalism since the French Revolution</span></em><span>. 1. paperback ed. (Picturing History). London: Reaktion Books.</span></p><p><span> </span><strong><span>Ghebaur, C.</span></strong><span> (2013). ‘Mais... je ne visite pas!’. Une approche ethnographique de l’usage faible des œuvres. </span><em><span>Ethnologie Française</span></em><span> </span><a href='http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/88/02/63/PDF/Mais._je_ne_visite_pas_.pdf' target='_blank' class='url'>http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/88/02/63/PDF/Mais._je_ne_visite_pas_.pdf</a><span> (accessed 5 March 2017). </span></p><p><span> </span><strong><span>Pringuet, Virginie</span></strong><span> (2017). Vers un atlas de l’art dans l’espace public : la modélisation d’un musée réticulaire Université Rennes.</span></p><p><span> </span><strong><span>Senie, H.</span></strong><span> (2019). Monumental Controversies: Public Art in the Aftermath of The Revisited Commemoration Process. Paper presented at the “Entre raison et tension. L’art public à l’épreuve de la commémoration corrigée” forum, Montréal.</span></p><p><span> </span><strong><span>Veyne, P.</span></strong><span> (1988). Conduites sans crozance et œuvres d’art sans spectateurs. </span><em><span>Diogène</span></em><span>, </span><strong><span>43</span></strong><span> (July-September 1988): 3–22.</span></p></div>
</body>
</html>