Climate Spike 2023

[pukpr]

The original AMO Kaplan not available circled)

Suddenly the underlined alternative code at
https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/cmb/ersst/v5/index/ersst.v5.amo.dat
is not available, perhaps due to North Carolina storm? Will attach the last one available here for posterity.

http://www.bom.gov.au/clim_data/IDCK000072/iod_1.txt
http://www.bom.gov.au/clim_data/IDCK000072/nino_3.4.txt
 

[pukpr]

"Record sea surface temperature jump in 2023–2024 unlikely but not unexpected"
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-08674-z

These model simulations suggest that the record-shattering jump in surface ocean temperatures in 2023–2024 was an extreme event after which surface ocean temperatures are expected to revert to the expected long-term warming trend.