docs: overhaul types #2040

Job	Run time
Verify dev env	9s
Build & verify package	14s
Check types using supported type checkers	20s
Tests on pypy-3.10	23s
Run doctests & render changelog	17s
Tests & Mypy on 3.9	35s
Tests & Mypy on 3.12	1m 11s
Tests & Mypy on 3.11	56s
Tests & Mypy on 3.10	1m 5s
Tests & Mypy on 3.13	1m 3s
Tests & Mypy on 3.14	1m 1s
Combine & check coverage	11s
required-checks-pass	4s
	7m 29s

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