diff --git a/src/app/api/runtimes/probe/route.test.ts b/src/app/api/runtimes/probe/route.test.ts
index 99b901d5..66f72af0 100644
--- a/src/app/api/runtimes/probe/route.test.ts
+++ b/src/app/api/runtimes/probe/route.test.ts
@@ -11,6 +11,12 @@ vi.mock("@/lib/require-auth", () => ({
 
 vi.mock("@/lib/gateway-client", () => ({
   probeGateway: (...args: unknown[]) => mockProbeGateway(...args),
+  resolveDeviceIdentity: vi.fn(() => ({
+    deviceId: "device-1",
+    publicKeyRawBase64Url: "public-key",
+    privateKeyPem: "private-key",
+    source: "configured",
+  })),
 }));
 
 vi.mock("@/lib/openclaw-config-parser", () => ({
@@ -30,6 +36,7 @@ describe("POST /api/runtimes/probe", () => {
   beforeEach(() => {
     vi.clearAllMocks();
     vi.unstubAllGlobals();
+    vi.stubEnv("AUTH_SECRET", "runtime-probe-device-auth-test-secret");
   });
 
   it("probes Hermes runtimes through the HTTP API", async () => {
@@ -103,4 +110,68 @@ describe("POST /api/runtimes/probe", () => {
     expect(response.status).toBe(200);
     expect(mockProbeGateway).toHaveBeenCalledWith("ws://localhost:18789", "openclaw-token", undefined);
   });
+
+  it("seals issued device credentials before returning probe data to the browser", async () => {
+    mockProbeGateway.mockResolvedValue({
+      ok: true,
+      version: "2026.7.1",
+      agents: [],
+      models: [],
+      devicePrivateKeyPem: "plaintext-private-key",
+      deviceAuth: {
+        token: "plaintext-device-token",
+        role: "operator",
+        scopes: ["operator.read", "operator.write"],
+      },
+    });
+
+    const response = await POST(makeRequest({
+      mode: "gateway",
+      url: "localhost:18789",
+      token: "openclaw-token",
+    }));
+    const payload = await response.json();
+
+    expect(response.status).toBe(200);
+    expect(payload).not.toHaveProperty("deviceAuth");
+    expect(payload.devicePrivateKeyPem).toMatch(/^crewcmd:runtime-token:v1:/);
+    expect(payload.runtimeAuthMetadata).toMatchObject({
+      devicePrivateKeyPem: payload.devicePrivateKeyPem,
+      openclawDeviceAuth: {
+        version: 1,
+        deviceId: "device-1",
+        role: "operator",
+        scopes: ["operator.read", "operator.write"],
+      },
+    });
+    expect(JSON.stringify(payload)).not.toContain("plaintext-private-key");
+    expect(JSON.stringify(payload)).not.toContain("plaintext-device-token");
+  });
+
+  it("seals a pending pairing identity so retries use the same device safely", async () => {
+    mockProbeGateway.mockResolvedValue({
+      ok: false,
+      error: "pairing_required",
+      pairingInstructions: "Approve this device",
+      agents: [],
+      models: [],
+      devicePrivateKeyPem: "plaintext-private-key",
+    });
+
+    const response = await POST(makeRequest({
+      mode: "gateway",
+      url: "localhost:18789",
+      token: "openclaw-token",
+    }));
+    const payload = await response.json();
+
+    expect(response.status).toBe(200);
+    expect(payload).toMatchObject({
+      ok: false,
+      pairingRequired: true,
+      pairingInstructions: "Approve this device",
+    });
+    expect(payload.devicePrivateKeyPem).toMatch(/^crewcmd:runtime-token:v1:/);
+    expect(JSON.stringify(payload)).not.toContain("plaintext-private-key");
+  });
 });
diff --git a/src/app/api/runtimes/probe/route.ts b/src/app/api/runtimes/probe/route.ts
index 75a45d97..e1398157 100644
--- a/src/app/api/runtimes/probe/route.ts
+++ b/src/app/api/runtimes/probe/route.ts
@@ -1,8 +1,42 @@
 import { NextRequest, NextResponse } from "next/server";
-import { probeGateway } from "@/lib/gateway-client";
+import { probeGateway, resolveDeviceIdentity, type ProbeResult } from "@/lib/gateway-client";
 import { parseOpenClawConfig } from "@/lib/openclaw-config-parser";
 import { requireAuth } from "@/lib/require-auth";
 import { getRuntimeProvider } from "@/lib/runtimes/providers";
+import {
+  sealRuntimeDevicePrivateKey,
+  storeRuntimeDeviceAuth,
+} from "@/lib/runtime-device-auth";
+
+type SealedGatewayProbeResult = Omit<ProbeResult, "deviceAuth"> & {
+  runtimeAuthMetadata?: Record<string, unknown>;
+};
+
+function sealGatewayProbeResult(result: ProbeResult): SealedGatewayProbeResult {
+  const { deviceAuth, devicePrivateKeyPem, ...safeResult } = result;
+  if (!devicePrivateKeyPem) return safeResult;
+
+  const device = resolveDeviceIdentity(devicePrivateKeyPem);
+  const sealedDevicePrivateKey = sealRuntimeDevicePrivateKey(devicePrivateKeyPem);
+  let runtimeAuthMetadata: Record<string, unknown> = {
+    devicePrivateKeyPem: sealedDevicePrivateKey,
+  };
+  if (deviceAuth) {
+    runtimeAuthMetadata = storeRuntimeDeviceAuth(
+      runtimeAuthMetadata,
+      device.deviceId,
+      deviceAuth,
+    );
+  }
+
+  return {
+    ...safeResult,
+    // This opaque ciphertext is returned only so pairing retries can retain
+    // the same identity. The browser never receives the private key itself.
+    devicePrivateKeyPem: sealedDevicePrivateKey,
+    runtimeAuthMetadata,
+  };
+}
 
 /**
  * POST /api/runtimes/probe
@@ -95,11 +129,12 @@ export async function POST(request: NextRequest) {
       if (!result.ok) {
         // Special case: pairing required — return 200 with status so UI can show approval instructions
         if (result.error === "pairing_required") {
+          const sealedResult = sealGatewayProbeResult(result);
           return NextResponse.json({
             ok: false,
             pairingRequired: true,
             pairingInstructions: result.pairingInstructions,
-            devicePrivateKeyPem: result.devicePrivateKeyPem,
+            devicePrivateKeyPem: sealedResult.devicePrivateKeyPem,
           });
         }
 
@@ -109,7 +144,7 @@ export async function POST(request: NextRequest) {
         );
       }
 
-      return NextResponse.json(result);
+      return NextResponse.json(sealGatewayProbeResult(result));
     }
 
     // ── Local config file mode (same-machine fallback) ──