Create a new folder and name it with today's (or yesterday's, or tomorrow's) date in ISO format (e.g. 2020-02-24). Uses the first Finder window's path as parent for the new folder. If there is no Finder window open, it uses your Desktop folder instead.
Use it as-is from Terminal, or create a Quick Action with Automator and assign it a global shortcut (I use ⌃⌥⌘N, for instance).
Note: There is minimal error checking, so YMMV.