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Add dict.py
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src/basic/dict.py

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"""
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Basic dictionary operations in Python.
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This module demonstrates fundamental dictionary operations including:
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- Creating dictionaries
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- Accessing and modifying elements
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- Different methods for removing elements
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- Common dictionary operations and methods
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"""
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# Examples of dictionary operations
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# Creating a dictionary
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fruits = {"apple": 100, "banana": 200, "orange": 150}
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# Accessing elements
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print(fruits["apple"]) # Output: 100
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# Adding/Updating elements
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fruits["grape"] = 300 # Adding new element
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fruits["apple"] = 120 # Updating existing element
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# fruits is now: {"apple": 120, "banana": 200, "orange": 150, "grape": 300}
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# Methods for removing elements
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# 1. Using del statement
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del fruits["banana"]
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# fruits is now: {"apple": 120, "orange": 150, "grape": 300}
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# 2. Using pop() method - returns the removed value
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price = fruits.pop("orange") # price = 150
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# fruits is now: {"apple": 120, "grape": 300}
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# 3. Using popitem() method - removes and returns random item (last item in Python 3.7+)
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last_item = fruits.popitem() # last_item = ("grape", 300)
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# fruits is now: {"apple": 120}
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# 4. Using clear() method - removes all elements
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fruits.clear()
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# fruits is now: {}
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# Dictionary operations
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sample_dict = {"name": "Tanaka", "age": 25, "city": "Tokyo"}
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# Checking if key exists
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if "name" in sample_dict:
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print("Key 'name' exists") # Will be printed
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# Getting list of keys
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keys = sample_dict.keys() # dict_keys(['name', 'age', 'city'])
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# Getting list of values
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values = sample_dict.values() # dict_values(['Tanaka', 25, 'Tokyo'])
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# Getting key-value pairs
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items = (
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sample_dict.items()
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) # dict_items([('name', 'Tanaka'), ('age', 25), ('city', 'Tokyo')])
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# Getting value with default
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score = sample_dict.get("score", 0) # Returns 0 if key doesn't exist

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