MariaDB.md

MariaDB

MariaDB is a fork of the original MySQL database server and is 100% compatible. Made by the original developers of MySQL. Guaranteed to stay open source.

MariaDB Server is available for installation on macOS (formerly Mac OS X) via the Homebrew package manager.

MariaDB Server is available as a Homebrew "bottle", a pre-compiled package. This means you can install it without having to build from source yourself. This saves time.

Installation

Install MariaDB with Homebrew:

brew install mariadb

Configuration

We change the default MariaDB configuration.

This will configure MariaDB to allow for the maximum packet size, only appropriate for a local or development server. Also, we'll keep each InnoDB table in separate files to keep ibdataN-type file sizes low and make file-based backups, like Time Machine, easier to manage multiple small files instead of a few large InnoDB data files.

The following is a single, multi-line command. Copy and paste the entire block at once:

cat >> $(brew --prefix)/etc/my.cnf.d/mysqld.cnf <<'EOF'

[mysqld] 
skip-external-locking
key_buffer_size = 96M
max_allowed_packet = 64M
join_buffer_size = 256K
table_open_cache = 512
table_definition_cache = 512
sort_buffer_size = 256K
read_buffer_size = 256K
read_rnd_buffer_size = 256K
net_buffer_length = 2K
thread_stack = 128K
query_cache_size = 16M
thread_cache_size = 4
transaction_isolation = "READ-COMMITTED"
 
EOF

cat >> $(brew --prefix)/etc/my.cnf.d/innodb.cnf <<'EOF'

[innodb]
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1G
innodb_log_buffer_size = 4M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
innodb_thread_concurrency = 8
innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT
innodb_log_file_size = 32MB

EOF

Start MariaDB

Start MariaDB with the Homebrew command. This will also register the service to MacOS launchd so it starts after the OS is booted:

brew services start mariadb

Secure MariaDB

By default, MariaDB's root user has an empty password from any connection.

You are advised to run mysql_secure_installation and at least set a password for the root user:

$(brew --prefix mariadb)/bin/mysql_secure_installation

Answer the questions:

NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB
      SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE!  PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!

In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user.  If you've just installed MariaDB, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.

Enter current password for root (enter for none):
OK, successfully used password, moving on...

Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MariaDB
root user without the proper authorisation.

Set root password? [Y/n] <-- Y
New password: <-- Enter password
Re-enter new password: <-- Enter same password
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
 ... Success!


By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for
them.  This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother.  You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] <-- Y
 ... Success!

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'.  This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] <-- Y
 ... Success!
 

By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access.  This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] <-- Y
 - Dropping test database...
 ... Success!
 - Removing privileges on test database...
 ... Success!

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] <-- Y
 ... Success!

Cleaning up...

All done!  If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB
installation should now be secure.

Thanks for using MariaDB!

In case MariaDB does not accept empty password when the installation was just finished; reset the password with following commands (while MariaDB is running):

Use your macbook password when asked:

sudo mysql

Run following query to set the password, replace newrootpassword with your own:

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'newrootpassword';

Logout from Mariadb:

exit

You should now be able to perform the security step from above.

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