🛡️ Sentinel: Fix syntax errors and uninitialized memory leak hazard in PersistenceLayer

[ightevenmckane187]

This PR addresses a critical bug and security vulnerability in src/os/persistence/PersistenceLayer.ts:

1. Replaces Buffer.allocUnsafe with Buffer.alloc to guarantee output buffers are zero-initialized, protecting against uninitialized heap memory leak hazards.
2. Fixes syntax errors and cleans up duplicated/corrupted allocation statements in save().
3. Replaces magic numbers with standard length constants (HEADER_LENGTH + SIGNATURE_LENGTH).
4. Verifies all security persistence tests pass cleanly.

---

PR created automatically by Jules for task 2106506231714244643 started by @ightevenmckane187

[google-labs-jules]

👋 Jules, reporting for duty! I'm here to lend a hand with this pull request.

When you start a review, I'll add a 👀 emoji to each comment to let you know I've read it. I'll focus on feedback directed at me and will do my best to stay out of conversations between you and other bots or reviewers to keep the noise down.

I'll push a commit with your requested changes shortly after. Please note there might be a delay between these steps, but rest assured I'm on the job!

For more direct control, you can switch me to Reactive Mode. When this mode is on, I will only act on comments where you specifically mention me with @jules. You can find this option in the Pull Request section of your global Jules UI settings. You can always switch back!

New to Jules? Learn more at jules.google/docs.

---

For security, I will only act on instructions from the user who triggered this task.