feat: Add airbyte-mcp-cli tool for direct MCP tool invocation

[aaronsteers]

feat: Add airbyte-mcp-cli tool for direct MCP tool invocation

Summary

This PR adds a new CLI tool airbyte-mcp-cli that allows direct invocation of MCP (Model Context Protocol) tools without running the full MCP server. The tool is designed to work with uvx for one-off invocations and supports multiple input styles:

• JSON input: uvx --from=airbyte airbyte-mcp-cli list_connectors '{"keyword_filter": "faker"}'
• Named arguments: uvx --from=airbyte airbyte-mcp-cli list_connectors --keyword_filter=faker
• Mixed: uvx --from=airbyte airbyte-mcp-cli list_connectors '{"keyword_filter": "s3"}' --connector_type_filter=source

The CLI also provides tool discovery via --list-tools and per-tool help via --help-tool.

Key implementation details:

• Extracts Pydantic Field defaults from type hint metadata to support optional parameters
• Handles argument parsing to distinguish between JSON input and named flags
• Provides 35+ MCP tools across local, cloud, and registry domains

Review & Testing Checklist for Human

Risk Level: Yellow - Core functionality works but has some complexity around Pydantic metadata extraction

• Test with uvx: Verify uvx --from=airbyte airbyte-mcp-cli --list-tools works without pre-installation
• Test argument parsing: Try all three input styles (JSON only, named args only, mixed) with a few different tools
• Verify Pydantic defaults: Test tools with optional parameters (like list_connectors) to ensure defaults are correctly applied when args are omitted
• Check error handling: Try malformed JSON, missing required args, and invalid tool names to verify error messages are helpful

Suggested Test Plan:

# Install and test locally
poetry install
poetry run airbyte-mcp-cli --list-tools

# Test various input styles
poetry run airbyte-mcp-cli list_connectors
poetry run airbyte-mcp-cli list_connectors --keyword_filter=faker
poetry run airbyte-mcp-cli list_connectors '{"keyword_filter": "postgres"}'
poetry run airbyte-mcp-cli list_connectors '{"keyword_filter": "s3"}' --connector_type_filter=source

# Test with uvx (requires published package)
uvx --from=airbyte airbyte-mcp-cli --list-tools

Notes

• The poetry.lock changes are just greenlet hash additions for musllinux platforms - likely Poetry updating its lock file format
• The Pydantic Field defaults extraction (lines 222-235 in cli.py) is the most complex part and relies on accessing __metadata__ attributes. This works with current Pydantic but could be fragile if Pydantic internals change.
• No automated tests were added for the CLI - manual testing was performed but edge cases may exist
• Documentation (README, etc.) was not updated to mention the new tool

Requested by: AJ Steers (@aaronsteers)
Devin Session: https://app.devin.ai/sessions/665558f023ae4c55af447753dfb3509f

[devin-ai-integration]

Original prompt from AJ Steers

Received message in Slack channel #ask-devin-ai:

@Devin - Let's make all Airbyte mcp tool calls accessible from CLI, specifically with something like `uvx --from=airbyte airbyte-mcp-cli {tool-name} {json-input-arg | --arg1=something --arg2=else}. Propose a few options to do so.
Thread URL: https://airbytehq-team.slack.com/archives/C08BHPUMEPJ/p1762905192417569

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📥 Commits

Reviewing files that changed from the base of the PR and between 813d0d0 and d3c30ff.

⛔ Files ignored due to path filters (1)

• poetry.lock is excluded by !**/*.lock

📒 Files selected for processing (2)

• airbyte/mcp/cli.py (1 hunks)
• pyproject.toml (1 hunks)

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• Create PR with unit tests
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• Commit unit tests in branch devin/1762906405-add-mcp-cli-tool

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Testing This PyAirbyte Version

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# Run PyAirbyte CLI from this branch:
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PyTest Results (Fast Tests Only, No Creds)

312 tests  ±0   312 ✅ ±0   5m 53s ⏱️ +11s
  1 suites ±0     0 💤 ±0 
  1 files   ±0     0 ❌ ±0 

Results for commit d3c30ff. ± Comparison against base commit 813d0d0.

[github-actions]

PyTest Results (Full)

381 tests  ±0   365 ✅ ±0   23m 47s ⏱️ - 2m 39s
  1 suites ±0    16 💤 ±0 
  1 files   ±0     0 ❌ ±0 

Results for commit d3c30ff. ± Comparison against base commit 813d0d0.