Fix minimum required bucket count for exponential histogram merging #133711
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The exponential histogram merging algorithm previously did not verify the desired target bucket count for the result of the merge operation.
Because due to how exponentialhistograms work, at least for buckets are requried to represent every possible distribution:
(-Inf, -1)
,(-1, 0)
,(0, 1)
and(1, +Inf)
.This was uncovered by a randomized test from a different PR:
https://buildkite.com/elastic/elasticsearch-pull-request/builds/88511#0198f05a-75bd-4e01-82fb-96ff2133a74e
This PR adds a fix and a reproducer test.