Pre-Commit Config; Workflow; Some Refactoring

[electronsandstuff]

This PR adds adds ruff auto-formatting to the project. Some cleanup and refactoring was done.

• New config file for pre-commit which includes automated formatting. Developers should install the commit hooks using pre-commit install
• Ran formatting on all files.
• Added environment.yml with dependencies needed for developers.
• Cleaned up file headers and import statements.
• Moved constants to their own file.
• Exceptions get their own file