Linux lacks a good key remapping solution. In order to achieve satisfactory results a medley of tools need to be employed (e.g xcape, xmodmap) with the end result often being tethered to a specified environment (X11). keyd attempts to solve this problem by providing a flexible system wide daemon which remaps keys using kernel level input primitives (evdev, uinput).
master is currently tracking v2.0.0-beta. If you are looking for something
a bit more stable you may be interested the v1
branch.
If you are migrating your config from v1, please see the changelog for a list of changes.
keyd has several unique features many of which are traditionally only found in custom keyboard firmware like QMK. Some of the more interesting ones include:
- Layers.
- Key overloading (different behaviour on tap/hold).
- Per keyboard configuration.
- Instantaneous remapping (no flashing required).
- A simple and intuitive config format.
- Being display server agnostic (works on wayland and virtual console alike).
- Would like to experiment with layers (i.e custom shift keys).
- Want to have multiple keyboards with different logical layouts on the same machine.
- Want to put the control and escape keys where God intended.
- Would like the ability to easily generate keycodes in other languages.
- Constantly fiddle with their key layout.
- Want an inuitive keyboard config format which is simple to grok.
- Wish to be able to switch to a VT to debug something without breaking their keymap.
- Like tiny daemons that adhere to the Unix philosophy.
- A tool for launching arbitrary system commands as root.
- A tool for programming individual key up/down events.
- A tool for generating unicode characters (though macros can be used to send the requisite keystrokes)
- Your favourite C compiler
- libudev
sudo apt-get install libudev-dev # Debian specific, install the corresponding package on your distribution
git clone https://github.com/rvaiya/keyd
cd keyd
make && sudo make install
sudo systemctl enable keyd && sudo systemctl start keyd
Experimental support for single board computers (SBCs) via usb-gadget has been added courtesy of Giorgi Chavchanidze.
See usb-gadget.md for details.
Third party packages for the some distributions also exist. If you wish to add yours to the list please file a PR. These are kindly maintained by community members, no personal responsibility is taken for them.
AUR package maintained by eNV25.
-
Install keyd
-
Put the following in
/etc/keyd/default.conf:
[ids]
*
[main]
# Turns capslock into an escape key when pressed and a control key when held.
capslock = overload(C, esc)
# Remaps the escape key to capslock
esc = capslock
-
Run
sudo systemctl restart keydto reload the config file. -
See the man page for a comprehensive list of config options.
Note: It is possible to render your machine unusable with a bad config file. Before proceeding ensure you have some way of killing keyd if things go wrong (e.g ssh). It is recommended that you avoid experimenting in default.cfg (see the man page for keyboard specific configuraiton) so you can plug in another keyboard which is unaffected by the changes.
[ids]
*
[main]
leftshift = oneshot(S)
capslock = overload(symbols, esc)
[symbols]
d = ~
f = /
...
Many users will probably not be interested in taking full advantage of keyd. For those who seek simple quality of life improvements I can recommend the following config:
[ids]
*
[main]
shift = oneshot(shift)
meta = oneshot(meta)
control = oneshot(control)
leftalt = oneshot(alt)
rightalt = oneshot(altgr)
capslock = overload(C, esc)
insert = S-insert
This remaps all modifiers to 'oneshot' keys and overloads the capslock key to function as both escape (when tapped) and control (when held). Thus to produce the letter A you can now simply tap shift and then a instead of having to hold it. Finally it remaps insert to S-insert (paste on X11).
xmodmap and friends are display server level tools with limited functionality. keyd is a system level solution which implements advanced features like layering and oneshot modifiers. While some X tools offer similar functionality I am not aware of anything that is as flexible as keyd.
What about kmonad?
keyd was written several years ago to allow me to easily experiment with different layouts on my growing keyboard collection. At the time kmonad did not exist and custom keyboard firmware like QMK (which inspired keyd) was the only way to get comparable features. I became aware of kmonad after having published keyd. While kmonad is a fine project with similar goals, it takes a different approach and has a different design philosophy.
Notably keyd was written entirely in C with performance and simplicitly in mind and will likely never be as configurable as kmonad (which is extensible in Haskell). Having said that, it supplies (in the author's opinion) the most valuable features in less than 2000 lines of C while providing a simple language agnostic config format.
If you feel something is missing or find a bug you are welcome to file an issue on github. keyd has a minimalist (but sane) design philosophy which intentionally omits certain features (e.g unicode/execing arbitrary executables as root). Things which already exist in custom keyboard firmware like QMK are good candidates for inclusion.
See CONTRIBUTING.