feat(jit): add specialize() for pre-pass IR, and an ST case surface built on it by luohuan19 · Pull Request #2624 · hw-native-sys/pypto

luohuan19 · 2026-09-02T08:29:25Z

Summary

System tests split into two execution paths that share nothing. A case written as a PTOTestCase is pre-compiled card-free and its device run is batched. A case written the way the project's own rules require — testing-and-examples.md: "Every kernel written to be run ... must use the @pl.jit family" — can only run in-process, one card, serially.

So the more a new test obeys the rules, the slower it runs. This PR closes that gap by making a case a collection-time value, and adds the one JIT accessor the compile pipeline needs to consume it.

Why the paths forked

Not a missing capability — discovery is what forked.

The pre-compile pipeline needs every case before any test body runs. But cases were built inside the body, so _collect_test_case_from_item parsed the test's source and re-evaluated its constructor call through a miniature AST interpreter. Two consequences:

a @pl.jit test has no constructor call to find, so it was invisible to the pipeline — every such test fell to the inline path by construction;
an argument the interpreter could not resolve (built in a loop, arithmetic on params) silently degraded that case to per-case inline compilation, with no diagnostic.

Batching never constrained the golden, which is what made the fix possible: the golden runs in the parent during pre-compilation and is persisted to data/out/*.pt; the task-submit child only compares against those files, and validation happens back in the parent with the test's real tolerance. A golden can therefore be any callable, closures included.

What this adds

Layer	Surface
`JITFunction.specialize(*args)`	entry and every transitive dep specialized into `@pl.program` source and parsed — the pre-pass `ir.Program`
`JITFunction.param_names` / `.output_param_names`	declared order; the latter is `pl.Out` + `pl.InOut`
`KernelSource`	`build_program() -> pre-pass ir.Program`; one implementation each for `@pl.jit` (`JitKernel`), `@pl.program` (`ProgramKernel`), a built `ir.Program` (`IRKernel`)
`Case`	a dataclass composing a `KernelSource`, a tensor list and a golden callable — it says nothing about execution
`st.case(...)` / `st.cases(...)`	`pytest.mark.parametrize` over `_st_case`, read straight out of `callspec.params` — no source parsing, no re-construction, no silent fallback

specialize() is the pre-pass half of lower(). It exists because ir.compile(program, output_dir=...) runs passes and code generation together, so handing it lower()'s output would run the pipeline twice.

What a test looks like now

tests/st/examples/00_hello_world/test_hello_world.py, before and after:

# before -- a statement inside the body, so the pipeline cannot see it
class TestHelloWorld:
    def test_hello_world_add(self, test_config):
        tile_add._cache.clear()
        a = torch.full((128, 128), 2.0, dtype=torch.float32)
        b = torch.full((128, 128), 3.0, dtype=torch.float32)
        c = torch.zeros((128, 128), dtype=torch.float32)
        tile_add(a, b, c, config=test_config)          # in-process, one card, serial
        expected = a + b
        assert torch.allclose(c, expected, rtol=1e-5, atol=1e-5), ...

# after -- a value at collection time
def _add_case():
    a = torch.full((128, 128), 2.0, dtype=torch.float32)
    b = torch.full((128, 128), 3.0, dtype=torch.float32)
    c = torch.zeros((128, 128), dtype=torch.float32)
    return st.case(tile_add, a, b, c, name="hello_world_add", golden=lambda _: a + b)

@st.cases(_add_case())
def test_hello_world_add(case_run):
    case_run.assert_passed()

A JIT case derives its whole tensor list from the sample arguments plus the parameter directions, so shapes are never declared a second time. Every tensor is seeded from its sample argument, outputs included: an atomic-add kernel accumulates onto the buffer it is handed, so zeroing a pl.Out because the annotation says "output" would discard the baseline the test compares against.

Custom comparison

compare= replaces the elementwise check entirely, for assertions that are not per-element. st.rel_err_under(limit) bounds the Frobenius relative error, which is what a matmul-shaped test actually wants — accumulation order across cores and tiles moves individual elements far more than it moves the tensor as a whole, so an elementwise tolerance loose enough to pass stops catching anything.

Migration

20 test files move onto declared cases — 51 st.case(...) declarations across 40 @st.cases-parametrized tests:

Area	Files
`tests/st/examples/`	hello_world, basic_ops, activation, ffn_activations, layer_norm, rms_norm, softmax
`tests/st/runtime/ops/`	assemble, atomic_add, auto_tile_matmul, concat, elementwise, memory_reuse_acc_coalesce, memref_slots
`tests/st/runtime/cross_core/`	split_reduce_parity, spmd_dynamic_core_num, spmd_dynamic_gm_pipe, subview_tmov_valid_shape, sync_set_wait
`tests/st/runtime/control_flow/`	dag

Nothing existing changes behaviour. from_legacy() wraps a PTOTestCase unchanged, and the AST discovery route still runs for every case that has not moved.

Notes for review

program_build_lock becomes an RLock: _compile_for_cache holds it around get_program(), which for a Case re-enters KernelSource.build_program().
_st_case, not case — test_expand_ops and the all_to_all_v skew tests already own a case parameter.
The platform-matrix gate now also admits case_run, which otherwise would have run on one platform only.

Fixes from review

Finding	Commit
Every platform variant of a declared case resolved to the first platform, so a four-platform matrix compiled and ran one artifact	`198171b4`
`specialize()` accepted `config=` and silently discarded it, against its own documented contract	`acbcdf15`
`from_legacy` dropped a planner carried on the legacy `RunConfig`, losing the second tier of `_resolve_case_memory_planner`'s precedence	`d9317233`

A fourth finding — that Case.get_program() needed program_build_lock — was declined and withdrawn by the reviewer: the contract sits on KernelSource implementations, and all three honour it.

Verification

A JIT case and a @pl.program case emit the same kernel and orchestration sources and the same func_id manifest through the unchanged _compile_for_cache.
The specialized program is structurally equal to a hand-written @pl.program after passes, and running passes over specialize() reproduces lower() exactly.
The don't-care (NaN) golden contract is verified rather than assumed: a garbage value in a don't-care output passes while a wrong value in a real output still fails.
Data fidelity checked per migrated case against the originals' seeded draws — inputs bit-identical, goldens exactly equal.

…uilt on it System tests split into two execution paths that share nothing. A case written as a `PTOTestCase` is pre-compiled card-free and its device run is batched; a case written the way the project's own rules require -- a `@pl.jit` kernel called directly -- can only run in-process, one card, serially. New rule-abiding tests therefore keep landing on the slow path. The cause is not a missing capability. Discovery is what forked: the pipeline needs every case before any test body runs, but cases are built *inside* the body, so `_collect_test_case_from_item` parses the test's source and re-evaluates its constructor call through a miniature AST interpreter. A `@pl.jit` test has no constructor call to find, so it is invisible -- and an unresolvable argument in any test silently degrades to per-case inline compilation with no diagnostic. Nor does batching constrain the golden. It runs in the parent during pre-compilation and is persisted to `data/out/*.pt`; the task-submit child only compares against those files, and validation happens back in the parent with the test's real tolerance. A golden can be any callable, closures included. So make the case a collection-time *value* instead of a statement, and give the compile task one narrow thing to ask for: JITFunction.specialize(*args) entry and deps specialized and parsed, before any pass -- what ir.compile(program, output_dir=...) needs, since it runs passes and codegen together and would run the pipeline twice on lower()'s output JITFunction.param_names declared order JITFunction.output_param_names pl.Out and pl.InOut, declared order KernelSource build_program() -> pre-pass ir.Program, one implementation each for @pl.jit / @pl.program / a built ir.Program Case a dataclass composing a KernelSource, a tensor list and a golden callable; says nothing about execution st.cases(...) pytest.mark.parametrize over `_st_case`, read straight out of callspec.params -- no source parsing, no re-construction A JIT case derives its whole tensor list from the sample arguments and the parameter directions, so shapes are no longer declared a second time; `pl.Out` is left scratch while `pl.InOut` is seeded. `from_legacy()` wraps an existing `PTOTestCase` unchanged, and the AST route still runs for every case that has not moved, so no existing test changes behaviour. `program_build_lock` becomes an RLock: `_compile_for_cache` holds it around `get_program()`, which for a Case re-enters `KernelSource.build_program()`. `_st_case`, not `case`, because test_expand_ops and the all_to_all_v skew tests already own a `case` parameter. The platform-matrix gate now also admits `case_run`, which otherwise would have run on one platform only. Verified: a JIT case and a @pl.program case emit the same kernel and orchestration sources and the same func_id manifest through the unchanged `_compile_for_cache`; the specialized program is structurally equal to a hand-written @pl.program after passes; running passes over `specialize()` reproduces `lower()` exactly.

Fifteen files, forty-one cases, from the in-process serial path to the batched one. Each was a `@pl.jit` kernel called directly with `config=test_config` -- the shape the project's own rules ask for, and until now the shape that could not be pre-compiled -- and each is now an `st.case` the pre-compile pool sees at collection time. The goldens stay closures over the tensors the test builds, so `expected = ...` carries over verbatim rather than being restated against parameter names. Shapes and directions are no longer written twice: they come from the sample arguments and the kernel's own `pl.Out` / `pl.InOut` annotations. Every `_cache.clear()` disappears with them, because `specialize()` writes no compiled-program cache. Two corrections the migration forced, both in the harness: `JitKernel` now seeds **every** tensor from its sample argument, outputs included. The previous rule -- zero a `pl.Out` buffer because the annotation says "output" -- is wrong for a kernel that accumulates onto the destination it is handed. `test_atomic_add` fills `out` with a baseline and asserts `baseline + x`; zeroing it would have compared against a golden that assumed a baseline the device never received. `st.cases` accepts `pytest.param(case, marks=...)`, because a per-case marker is not expressible once several cases share one test function. `test_assemble` carries three distinct skips for three distinct bugs, and they had to survive with their reasons intact. A skipped case is also left out of pre-compilation. Four files stay where they are, and the reason is the same in each: their assertion is not the elementwise comparison the harness performs. `test_auto_tile_matmul` and `test_memory_reuse_acc_coalesce` assert on a Frobenius relative error; `test_split_reduce_parity` and `test_memref_slots` compare two kernels' outputs against each other rather than against a reference. Both want something a `Case` cannot yet express -- a per-case comparator, and a cross-case assertion -- and forcing them across would have quietly changed what they prove. Verified against a stashed baseline over `tests/st/{harness,examples,runtime}` with the pre-compile pool: **no new failure**, and the 35 that stop failing are exactly the migrated files, which now honour `--codegen-only` instead of reaching for a device that is not there. The persisted `data/in/*.pt` are bit-identical to the tensors the original tests drew, and the persisted goldens match an independent recomputation exactly -- the integer cases keep their bit-exact assertion by carrying `rtol=atol=0`.

A `Case` could say what the expected values are and how tight the tolerance is, but not *how* the two are compared -- the harness always ran the same elementwise `torch.isclose`. That left every test whose assertion is not per element on the old serial path, which is why the P2 migration stopped short of `test_auto_tile_matmul` and `test_memory_reuse_acc_coalesce`: both bound a Frobenius relative error over the whole tensor, because accumulation order across cores and tiles moves individual elements much further than it moves the tensor as a whole, and an elementwise tolerance loose enough to pass would stop catching anything. `compare=` replaces that last step: st.case(kernel, a, b, out, name=..., golden=lambda _: a.float() @ b.float(), compare=st.rel_err_under(2e-2)) It is called in the parent with `(actual, expected)` -- dicts of output name to tensor, read back from `data/actual` and `data/out` -- and raises to fail, which is the same `assert` the test wrote before it became a case. `st.rel_err_under` is the Frobenius bound the matmul-shaped tests want, defined once so two files cannot drift into two slightly different definitions of relative error. All three execution paths honour it. The batched path already persisted its actual outputs and compared in the parent, so it only had to choose between the two comparisons. The local device-pool and inline paths validated *inside* `_execute_on_device` against golden.py's rtol/atol, which no comparator can reach; they now run `validate=False` with an `actual_out_dir`, giving the comparator the same (actual, expected) pair the batched path gives it. `test_memory_reuse_acc_coalesce` moves across as the first user. Verified card-free against a stashed baseline over the same directories: no new failure, and the single one that stops failing is that file, which now honours `--codegen-only` instead of reaching for a device that is not there. The comparator plumbing itself is covered on a real compiled artifact -- a pair the default check rejects and a whole-tensor bound accepts, proving the two paths are genuinely different and that the comparator sees the persisted tensors verbatim. `test_auto_tile_matmul` is the remaining user and is left for its own change: eleven kernels across three memory planners, three kinds of comparison, and two run-time conditional skips that want to become collection-time marks.

The last `@pl.jit` suite still on the serial path, and the one `compare=` was added for: forty-five cases -- eleven kernels crossed with three memory planners, two of them crossed again with a K variant. The planner axis becomes `Case(memory_planner=...)` rather than a `RunConfig` rewritten per item, so `_cfg` and the `dataclasses.replace` it needed are gone. `_expand` walks the planner matrix and carries each `pytest.param`'s id into the case name and its marks onto the case, which is how the PTOAS skip in `_N_BOUNDARY_RETILES_K_PLANNERS` survives untouched. Two planners were skipped by a run-time `pytest.skip` inside the body; they are collection-time marks now. That is not only tidier -- a case skipped at collection is never pre-compiled, so the two Mat-scratch/boundary kernels stop being built for a planner that cannot run them. One test function per original test function, because the platform markers differ: five are `a2a3 + a5`, the rest `a2a3` only. Collapsing them would have silently widened or narrowed what runs where. All three comparisons are preserved, one per assertion the original made: `rtol=atol=1e-3` for the DDR direct-store `allclose`, `rtol=atol=0` for the INT8->INT32 chains that asserted `torch.equal`, and `st.rel_err_under` for the bf16 matmul chains whose near-zero cancellation elements make a per-element tolerance meaningless -- 2e-2 everywhere except the fits-L0c cast-fold's 5e-2. Verified card-free, against the tree before this change: * 45 items collected, exactly as before, and 15/45 under `--platform=a5sim`, so no platform marker moved; * inputs bit-identical to the originals' seeded draws and goldens exactly equal to their `expected` expressions, checked for one case from each of the six builders (fp32 DDR, INT32-bias, bf16 bias, INT8 accumulate, chained Mat-scratch, biased Mat-scratch); * the comparison kind audited per case -- 6 allclose, 12 exact, 27 relative error -- matching the original test-by-test, and each comparator's limit checked by behaviour, since a closure's bound cannot be read off; * failure-set diff over `tests/st/runtime/ops`: no new failure, and the 42 that stop failing are this file, which now honours `--codegen-only`. Not verified here: the local device-pool path that a simulator run would take. This box's simulator fails in `worker.init` with a simpler host-log ABI mismatch, identically before and after the change, so no sim run reaches a comparison at all.

These were held back on a mistaken reading. `test_split_reduce_parity` and `test_memref_slots` were called out as needing a cross-case assertion -- one test item seeing two cases' outputs -- which neither does: the parity file compares each kernel against the same torch golden (the "parity" is the intent, not the mechanism), and the slots file is one kernel with two outputs, each against its own reference, which a dict golden already expresses. `test_sync_set_wait` was simply skipped in the earlier batch and never revisited. Nothing new was needed for any of them: * a dict golden covers the two-output ping-pong (`out1` is `a @ b`, `out2` is `a2 @ b`, which is the whole point of the test); * a NaN golden marks the regions no assertion covered. The parity kernels' `dummy_out` exists only to engage the UP_DOWN split, and `sync_set_wait`'s `transfer` is a GM staging buffer -- both are outputs the kernel writes and the test never read, and both are now stated as don't-care rather than left to compare against zeros by accident. The same marks `sync_set_wait_odd_last_axis`'s padded tail, which the original sliced away with `output[:LR_ROWS]`. The don't-care contract is verified, not assumed: a garbage `dummy_out` passes while a wrong `y` still fails. Data fidelity checked per case against the originals' seeded draws -- inputs bit-identical, goldens exactly equal. That includes `sync_set_wait`'s `transfer` arriving as the test's non-zero `ones` rather than zeros, which the file's own comment says is what catches an accidental column-255 contraction; it works because a case seeds every tensor from its sample argument, outputs included. Failure-set diff over `tests/st/runtime/{ops,cross_core}`: no new failure, and the eight that stop failing are these three files, which now honour `--codegen-only`. Every `@pl.jit` suite whose test is a kernel measured against a reference is now declared. What is left calls the JIT and runtime APIs themselves -- the compiled -program surface, the cache, DeviceTensor, and Graph record-and-replay -- which is not a kernel-plus-golden shape and does not belong in a `Case`.

`_case_comparator` asked `getattr(tc, "compare", None)`, which any object that auto-creates attributes answers truthily -- and `test_sim_platform_never_borrows _a_card` drives `_fused_execute_task` with a `Mock`. That Mock looked like it carried a comparator, so the device-pool path took the persist-then-compare branch and tried to read a `golden.py` out of the test's placeholder work dir. A comparator is a `Case` concept and nothing else defines one, so match the type. The duck-typed spelling bought nothing: there is no second implementer, and the attribute form cannot tell a real comparator from an accident. Covered where it was missed: `_case_comparator(Mock())` must be `None`.

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📝 Walkthrough

Walkthrough

The PR adds JITFunction.specialize() and signature accessors. It introduces a case-based system-test harness with kernel-source adapters, custom comparison support, collection-time platform expansion, and artifact lookup. Existing example and runtime tests migrate to the new harness.

Changes

Specialization API

Layer / File(s)	Summary
JIT specialization API and coverage `python/pypto/jit/decorator.py`, `tests/ut/jit/test_specialize.py`, `docs/en/user/language/01-functions.md`, `docs/zh/user/language/01-functions.md`	`JITFunction` now returns pre-pass programs through `specialize()` and exposes `param_names` and `output_param_names`. Tests cover shaped arguments, dependencies, cache behavior, and accessor ordering. Documentation describes the API and its pass-stage behavior.

System-test harness

Layer / File(s)	Summary
Kernel sources and case data `tests/st/harness/core/kernel_source.py`, `tests/st/harness/core/case.py`	The harness adds `KernelSource`, `JitKernel`, `ProgramKernel`, and `IRKernel`. `Case` stores tensors, goldens, compile settings, platform data, and comparison rules.
Harness declaration and execution flow `tests/st/harness/st.py`, `tests/st/harness/core/test_runner.py`, `tests/st/conftest.py`, `tests/st/harness/test_case_*.py`	`st.case` and `st.cases` declare collection-time cases. Pytest expands platform cases and registers declared `Case` objects. The runner supports custom comparators, serialized program builds, and precompiled artifact lookup. Tests cover declarations, golden adaptation, comparisons, and pipeline execution.
Example test migration `tests/st/examples/...`	Example tests now build `st.case` objects with PyTorch goldens and use `CaseRun.assert_passed()` for execution and validation.
Runtime test migration `tests/st/runtime/...`	Runtime tests now use case factories and shared harness execution. Existing platform marks, tolerances, exact comparisons, and NaN don't-care outputs remain represented in case declarations.

Estimated code review effort: 5 (Critical) | ~120 minutes

Merge Risk: 🟡 Moderate · up to 3f7bd

The new case-based test harness can silently ignore legacy memory-planner settings and can build programs concurrently during inline execution, potentially changing compilation behavior or causing non-thread-safe failures; specialize() also accepts an argument the API says it should reject. The PR is not merge-ready until these issues are fixed or explicitly accepted.

Sequence Diagram(s)

sequenceDiagram
  participant TestModule
  participant st.cases
  participant Pytest
  participant CaseRun
  participant TestRunner
  TestModule->>st.cases: Declare Case entries
  st.cases->>Pytest: Parametrize _st_case
  Pytest->>CaseRun: Provide Case
  CaseRun->>TestRunner: Execute and validate case
  TestRunner-->>CaseRun: Return status and artifact path

Poem

A rabbit packs cases in a neat little row
With goldens to tell what the outputs should show
JIT programs bloom before passes begin
Pytest hops platforms and lets tests run in
The harness thumps softly: all checks now glow

🚥 Pre-merge checks | ✅ 4 | ❌ 1

❌ Failed checks (1 warning)

Check name	Status	Explanation	Resolution
Docstring Coverage	⚠️ Warning	Docstring coverage is 62.61% which is insufficient. The required threshold is 80.00%. Docstring coverage is scoped to functions touched by this diff. Analyzed 222 functions across 29 files. (2 skipped…	Write docstrings for the functions missing them to satisfy the coverage threshold.

✅ Passed checks (4 passed)

Check name	Status	Explanation
Linked Issues check	✅ Passed	Check skipped because no linked issues were found for this pull request.
Out of Scope Changes check	✅ Passed	Check skipped because no linked issues were found for this pull request.
Description check	✅ Passed	The description clearly explains the new JIT specialization API, declared ST cases, pre-compilation flow, custom comparison support, and test migration.
Title check	✅ Passed	The title clearly identifies both primary changes: adding `specialize()` for pre-pass IR and introducing the ST case surface.

Full details: Docstring Coverage

Explanation

Docstring coverage is 62.61% which is insufficient. The required threshold is 80.00%. Docstring coverage is scoped to functions touched by this diff. Analyzed 222 functions across 29 files. (2 skipped: 2 unsupported.)

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Inline comments:
In `@python/pypto/jit/decorator.py`:
- Line 2439: Update specialize() to detect and reject a config= keyword argument
with the documented TypeError before calling _resolve_specialization(), rather
than allowing that helper to consume it; add a regression test confirming
specialize(config=...) raises TypeError.

In `@tests/st/harness/core/case.py`:
- Around line 228-231: Update the RunConfig construction in the case conversion
flow to preserve the legacy memory planner: use test_case.get_memory_planner()
when available, otherwise fall back to test_case.config.memory_planner. Keep the
existing rtol, atol, and other configuration values unchanged.
- Line 137: Update Case.get_program() to acquire and hold the existing
program_build_lock while calling KernelSource.build_program(), ensuring inline
execution is serialized with compile-pool builds.

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📒 Files selected for processing (31)

docs/en/user/language/01-functions.md
docs/zh/user/language/01-functions.md
python/pypto/jit/decorator.py
tests/st/conftest.py
tests/st/examples/00_hello_world/test_hello_world.py
tests/st/examples/01_beginner/basic/test_basic_ops.py
tests/st/examples/02_intermediate/test_activation.py
tests/st/examples/02_intermediate/test_ffn_activations.py
tests/st/examples/02_intermediate/test_layer_norm.py
tests/st/examples/02_intermediate/test_rms_norm.py
tests/st/examples/02_intermediate/test_softmax.py
tests/st/harness/core/case.py
tests/st/harness/core/kernel_source.py
tests/st/harness/core/test_runner.py
tests/st/harness/st.py
tests/st/harness/test_case_declaration.py
tests/st/harness/test_case_pipeline.py
tests/st/runtime/control_flow/test_dag.py
tests/st/runtime/cross_core/test_split_reduce_parity.py
tests/st/runtime/cross_core/test_spmd_dynamic_core_num.py
tests/st/runtime/cross_core/test_spmd_dynamic_gm_pipe.py
tests/st/runtime/cross_core/test_subview_tmov_valid_shape.py
tests/st/runtime/cross_core/test_sync_set_wait.py
tests/st/runtime/ops/test_assemble.py
tests/st/runtime/ops/test_atomic_add.py
tests/st/runtime/ops/test_auto_tile_matmul.py
tests/st/runtime/ops/test_concat.py
tests/st/runtime/ops/test_elementwise.py
tests/st/runtime/ops/test_memory_reuse_acc_coalesce.py
tests/st/runtime/ops/test_memref_slots.py
tests/ut/jit/test_specialize.py

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`specialize()` handed its kwargs to `_resolve_specialization`, which pulls `config` out and returns it -- and the call site dropped that return into `_`. So `kernel.specialize(x, config=RunConfig(strategy=...))` succeeded while the strategy, diagnostics and every other compile setting went nowhere. That contradicts what the method promises. Its own docstring and `docs/en/user/language/01-functions.md` both say it takes no `config=`, on the grounds that no pass runs here for a `RunConfig` to configure. Accepting the keyword anyway is the worst of the two readings: the caller is told the setting applied, and the returned IR silently does not reflect it. Refuse it at the top of the method, before the helper can consume it. `TypeError` is what Python raises for a keyword a callable does not take, and what `@pl.jit.<type>` already raises for a `level=` it does not accept. Covered in both binding modes -- with sample arguments and in signature mode -- since the keyword reaches the same helper either way.

`st.cases(...)` evaluates its cases once, at import, and hands pytest the same `Case` object for every item it parametrizes. The platform matrix is a second, independent axis, so a suite marked `@pytest.mark.platforms("a2a3", "a2a3sim", "a5", "a5sim")` produces four items that all carry that one object. `bind_platform` only binds when the case has not got a platform yet -- it cannot tell "the author pinned this" from "an earlier item already bound it". The first item to be collected therefore pinned the shared declaration, and the other three bindings were dropped on the floor. From there `_resolve_platform` puts a case's own platform *above* the item's, so all four variants resolved to the first platform, keyed to one `name@platform@planner` artifact, and compiled and ran that artifact. The A5 and simulator halves of the matrix were never exercised. Driving the real `_collect_test_case_from_item` over a four-platform item set, before this change: item[a2a3 ] -> case.platform=a2a3 resolved=a2a3 abs_matrix@a2a3@default item[a2a3sim] -> case.platform=a2a3 resolved=a2a3 abs_matrix@a2a3@default item[a5 ] -> case.platform=a2a3 resolved=a2a3 abs_matrix@a2a3@default item[a5sim ] -> case.platform=a2a3 resolved=a2a3 abs_matrix@a2a3@default artifacts that exist: ['abs_matrix@a2a3@default'] The legacy `PTOTestCase` path never had this: it re-runs the constructor for each item, so every variant owns its instance. `Case.for_platform` gives the declared path the same property -- a pinned case is returned unchanged, an unpinned one is copied and the copy is bound -- and collection puts that copy back into the item's params, so the fixture, the cache key and the compile pool all see the variant's own case. Nothing is keyed by object identity, so independent copies cost nothing downstream. After, from the same driver: four cases, four keys, four artifacts, and the declaration itself left unbound.

`_resolve_case_memory_planner` reads the planner from two places, in order: `get_memory_planner()`, then one carried on the case's own `RunConfig`. The second channel exists because a `PTOTestCase` can be handed `RunConfig(memory_planner=...)` without overriding the getter. `from_legacy` forwarded only the first. It rebuilds the `RunConfig` from `rtol` and `atol` alone, so a case whose planner rode on its config lost it: the getter returned `None`, the fresh config carried `None`, and the wrapped case fell through to the session planner or the compiler default -- a different memory plan than the case asked for, with nothing said about it. Fold both channels into the value `from_legacy` passes, keeping the same precedence the resolver already applies. No case in `tests/st` reaches this today -- they all select a planner through the constructor argument, which lands on the getter. But `from_legacy` is the documented migration path for the 88 `PTOTestCase` files, and it should not quietly drop a knob one of them may be using.

luohuan19 · 2026-09-03T09:56:08Z

Review findings addressed — head is now `d931723`

Thanks @chatgpt-codex-connector and @coderabbitai. Three of the four distinct findings were real and are fixed; one is declined with reasoning. Each inline thread has a detailed reply.

Finding	Commit
P1 — every platform variant of a declared case ran the first platform (@chatgpt-codex-connector)	`198171b`
`specialize()` silently discarded `config=` (both reviewers, same defect)	`acbcdf1`
`from_legacy` dropped a `RunConfig` memory planner (@coderabbitai)	`d931723`
`Case.get_program()` needs `program_build_lock` (@coderabbitai)	declined — see thread

On the P1 finding. This was the one worth catching, and the diagnosis was exactly right. Driving the real _collect_test_case_from_item over a four-platform item set produced a single artifact, abs_matrix@a2a3@default, for all four variants — so the A5 and simulator halves of the AutoTileMatmul matrix were compiling and running a2a3 code. Both halves of the suggested remedy were required: tracking the pin alone does not help, because the compile pool keys off the case object and one mutable object cannot carry four platforms. Case.for_platform now hands each item an independently bound copy, which is the property the legacy PTOTestCase path always had by re-running its constructor per item.

On the declined finding. program_build_lock is already held inside every KernelSource.build_program() implementation — the protocol assigns that obligation to implementations, and the RLock exists precisely so the _compile_for_cache → get_program() → build_program() nesting is safe. The thread reply walks through it. Your reading did surface a genuine adjacent gap in _run_inline, but git blame dates it to February and it does not affect Case, so it is out of scope for this PR.

Pre-merge docstring coverage (62.61% vs 80%). Leaving this as-is. It is advisory rather than a required check, all 19 required checks are green, and the coverage figure is scoped to the 222 functions this diff touches — a set dominated by short pytest test methods and dataclass accessors. The public surface it measures (Case, KernelSource and its three implementations, st.case / st.cases, specialize()) is documented in full, including the design rationale. Padding one-line docstrings onto assertion helpers would move the number without adding anything a reader needs.

Validation. tests/ut/jit/ 420 passed / 2 skipped; tests/st/harness/ 30 passed (5 new). Two failures in that harness run are a stale local _task_interface build in my checkout — identical on the pre-change tree, and green in CI. ruff check and ruff format --check clean on 0.14.8, the pinned version.

(@coderabbitai your ruff step reported Required version ==0.14.8 does not match the running version 0.16.3 on 29 files — that mismatch is on the review side, not in the repo.)

chatgpt-codex-connector · 2026-09-03T09:56:15Z

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coderabbitai · 2026-09-03T09:56:40Z

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@luohuan19 Thanks for the detailed update.

The from_legacy memory-planner fix is addressed by d9317233.

I withdraw the Case.get_program() locking finding. KernelSource.build_program() owns the program_build_lock contract, and the shared RLock supports the nested build path.

The Ruff version mismatch was in the review environment. The repository-pinned Ruff 0.14.8 result is the relevant result.

The _run_inline locking gap is separate from this PR. Would you like to open a follow-up GitHub issue for it?

🐇

🧠 Learnings used

Learnt from: luohuan19
Repo: hw-native-sys/pypto PR: 2624
File: tests/st/harness/core/case.py:138-138
Timestamp: 2026-09-03T09:56:16.778Z
Learning: In `tests/st/harness/core/kernel_source.py`, the `KernelSource.build_program()` contract requires each implementation to hold `program_build_lock` for the program build. `JitKernel` and `ProgramKernel` acquire the shared `threading.RLock`; `IRKernel` returns already-built IR. `Case.get_program()` intentionally delegates to `KernelSource.build_program()` and must not add redundant locking.

Learnt from: luohuan19
Repo: hw-native-sys/pypto

Timestamp: 2026-09-03T09:55:32.694Z
Learning: In `tests/st/harness/core/case.py`, `from_legacy(test_case)` must preserve legacy memory-planner resolution order: use `test_case.get_memory_planner()` when it returns a planner; otherwise use `test_case.config.memory_planner`. This matches `_resolve_case_memory_planner` in `tests/st/harness/core/test_runner.py`. Existing `tests/st` legacy cases currently set the planner through the `PTOTestCase` constructor, so the getter supplies it, but the config fallback is required for the documented legacy migration path.

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`JitKernel.cache_id()` walked `_bound_tensors()`, which by design keeps only tensors, and then picked scalars back up from `self.kwargs` alone. A scalar passed *positionally* was in neither, so it left no trace in the id: JitKernel(scaled_entry, a, out, 1.0).cache_id() JitKernel(scaled_entry, a, out, 2.0).cache_id() # both: scaled_entry__a_16x16_fp32__out_16x16_fp32 The two specialize to different IR. The id is the default `Case` name, the name is the artifact cache key, and collection files cases with `seen.setdefault` -- so the second declaration would silently inherit the first one's compiled artifact and could pass against a specialization that was never built for it. `st.cases()` rejects duplicate names within one call, which hides this, but two declarations in separate `@st.cases(...)` calls have nothing checking them. Bind positional and keyword arguments the same way, in declaration order, and describe each: a tensor by shape and dtype as before, anything else by type and value. The type is carried because `1` and `1.0` specialize to different dtypes and must not collide. `_bound_tensors` is left alone -- dropping non-tensors is right for the tensor list, and only wrong for identity, so the new `_bound_arguments` answers that question separately. No existing declaration changes name: every case that would be affected passes an explicit `name=`.

@A5

A case that pins its own platform -- `st.case(..., platform="a5")` -- was expanded by the matrix like any other. `_resolve_platform` lets that pin outrank the item's platform, so every variant resolved back to A5 while presenting itself as its own. Driving the real hooks over a four-platform item set: kept items: test_it[a2a3] test_it[a2a3sim] test_it[a5] test_it[a5sim] seen keys: abs_pin_key@a2a3@default ...@a2a3sim ...@A5 ...@a5sim all four keys -> the SAME object, whose platform is a5 Two independent defects behind that. Collection keyed on the *item's* platform, not the case's. `_cache_key`'s `resolved_platform` argument takes precedence over `tc.get_platform()`, so one object was filed under a key per variant. The pipeline then resolves each entry back to the pin, computes the same `work_dir` for all of them, and compiles into that one directory once per variant -- concurrently. Key on the effective platform instead. The legacy branch had the same shape and is fixed with it: a `PTOTestCase` built with `platform=...` keeps its own, and `bind_platform` leaves it alone. Deselection never looked at the pin at all, only at `@pytest.mark.platforms` and the CLI. So the A2A3 variant ran A5 code and reported A2A3 coverage it never had. Drop the variants the pin excludes. This runs before `pytest_collection_finish`, so `_st_case` is still the author's declaration and `get_platform()` is exactly the pin, or None. Neither is a regression from `for_platform` in 198171b: before it, the pinned branch went through `bind_platform`, which also leaves a pinned case untouched, and the key was built the same way. That fix covered the unpinned path and stopped short of this one. No existing test changes: collecting `tests/st` with `--platform=a2a3,a5` yields the same 2198 items, item for item, since no declared case pins a platform today.

luohuan19 · 2026-09-04T03:30:16Z

Both P1 findings fixed — head is now `eced8d1c`

Finding	Commit
Positional scalars missing from `JitKernel.cache_id()`	`731e5488`
A pinned case wrongly expanded across the platform matrix	`eced8d1c`

P1: positional scalars did not reach the identity

Confirmed. cache_id() walked _bound_tensors(), which by design keeps only tensors, then picked scalars back up from self.kwargs alone — a positionally-passed scalar was in neither. Reproduced against the pre-fix code:

JitKernel(scaled_entry, a, out, 1.0).cache_id()
JitKernel(scaled_entry, a, out, 2.0).cache_id()
# both: scaled_entry__a_16x16_fp32__out_16x16_fp32

Positional and keyword arguments are now bound the same way, in declaration order: a tensor by shape and dtype as before, anything else by type and value. The type is carried because 1 and 1.0 specialize to different dtypes. _bound_tensors is untouched — dropping non-tensors is right for the tensor list and only wrong for identity, so a separate _bound_arguments answers that question.

Regression tests: test_cache_id_separates_positional_scalars, test_cache_id_separates_scalar_types, test_cache_id_agrees_across_binding_styles. All three fail on the pre-fix code.

No existing declaration changes name — every case that would be affected passes an explicit name=.

P1: a pinned case across the matrix

Confirmed, and the consequence chain runs one step further than described. Driving the real hooks over a four-platform item set, before the fix:

kept items:  test_it[a2a3]  test_it[a2a3sim]  test_it[a5]  test_it[a5sim]
seen keys:   abs_pin_key@a2a3@default  ...@a2a3sim  ...@a5  ...@a5sim
all four keys -> the SAME object, whose platform is a5

Because seen holds one object under four keys, groups carries it four times and the pool submits four compile tasks — each computing the same work_dir (pinned@a5@default), so they write one directory concurrently. And _compile_futures never gets a @a2a3 key at all: the A2A3 item resolves through the pin at run time, hits the A5 artifact, and reports A2A3 coverage it never had.

Two independent defects, both fixed:

Collection keyed on the item, not the case. _cache_keys resolved_platform argument outranks tc.get_platform(). Now keyed on the effective platform. The legacy branch had the same shape and is fixed with it — a PTOTestCase built with platform=... keeps its own, and bind_platform leaves it alone.
Deselection never consulted the pin, only @pytest.mark.platforms and the CLI. The variants a pin excludes are now dropped. This runs before pytest_collection_finish, so _st_case is still the author declaration and get_platform() is exactly the pin, or None.

End-to-end tests in TestPlatformMatrixCollection cover pinned-case deselection, single-key collection under the pin, and an unpinned control that must still span the matrix. The first two fail on the pre-fix code.

One correction on attribution

This is not a regression introduced by for_platform in 198171b4. Before that commit the pinned branch went through bind_platform, which also leaves a pinned case untouched, and the key was built from the item platform in exactly the same way; the legacy branch still does today. 198171b4 fixed the unpinned path and stopped short of the pinned one — it is incomplete, not incorrect.

Verification

tests/ut/jit/ 420 passed / 2 skipped; tests/st/harness/ 36 passed (6 new). ruff check and ruff format --check clean on the pinned 0.14.8. Collecting tests/st with --platform=a2a3,a5 yields the same 2198 items, item for item, before and after — the new deselect path only engages when a pin exists, and no declared case pins one today.

luohuan19 added 6 commits September 2, 2026 01:19

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luohuan19 added 3 commits September 3, 2026 02:51

luohuan19 added 2 commits September 3, 2026 20:28

lyfne123 approved these changes Sep 4, 2026

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lyfne123 merged commit c9af905 into hw-native-sys:main Sep 4, 2026
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feat(jit): add specialize() for pre-pass IR, and an ST case surface built on it - #2624

feat(jit): add specialize() for pre-pass IR, and an ST case surface built on it#2624
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luohuan19 commented Sep 3, 2026

Review findings addressed — head is now d931723

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Both P1 findings fixed — head is now eced8d1c

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Review findings addressed — head is now `d931723`

Both P1 findings fixed — head is now `eced8d1c`