Add vertical tab bars on the left and right

[bvolpato]

Summary

Add real side tab bars by teaching tab_bar_edge about left and right and rendering tabs as a vertical sidebar.

Changes

• add left and right values to tab_bar_edge
• allocate left/right tab bar regions in native window geometry
• render side tabs as a vertical multi-line tab bar with row-based hit testing
• route tab drag/drop targeting through the vertical axis when the tab bar is on the side
• add focused tests for config parsing and vertical tab bar hit testing

Testing

• python3 -m py_compile kitty/tab_bar.py kitty/tabs.py kitty/boss.py kitty/options/utils.py kitty/options/definition.py kitty_tests/options.py kitty_tests/tab_bar.py
• attempted ./dev.sh build --debug, but this environment does not have the Linux X11/OpenGL development headers needed for kitty's native build (x11.pc and related headers were missing)

Repro / Manual Check

Use a config like:

 tab_bar_edge left
 tab_bar_style separator
 tab_bar_show_new_tab_button yes

Open several tabs and verify:

• tabs render in a left sidebar
• clicking anywhere on a sidebar row activates the tab
• dragging tabs reorders them vertically
• dragging a window onto a sidebar row moves it into that tab

Refs #2305

[kovidgoyal]

Will review actual code when I have more time. Just as an initial comment,
the intent of tab_bar_align is to align tabs at the start, center or
end. It should have the same semantics for vertical tab bars. Make the
accepted values start, center, end, left, right (with left and right
being synonyms for start, end. And have the vertical tabs drawn at the
top/middle/bottom accordingly. I dont really think a setting for
controlling halign is needed.

Also, at a more meta level, for vertical tabs it should be possible to
render them in two or more lines, the number of lines being reduced as
more tabs are added and just as in the horizontal case tabs are made
narrower as the number increases.

From a UI perspective, it might make sense to leave a blank line between
tabs to separate them. I dont know if you do that already havent
actually tested it yet.

[bvolpato]

addressed the initial feedback in 8d935486e:

• tab_bar_align now accepts start, center, end, with left/right kept as aliases for start/end
• vertical tab bars use the same align semantics now: top, middle, bottom
• removed the per-title horizontal alignment behavior for vertical tabs
• vertical tabs now use up to two rows per tab when there is room, dropping back to one row as tab count grows, which leaves visual separation between sparse tabs

local validation:

• ./kitty/launcher/kitty +launch test.py --module tab_bar
• ./kitty/launcher/kitty +launch test.py --module options
• PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/pkgconfig:/usr/share/pkgconfig:/usr/lib/pkgconfig:$PKG_CONFIG_PATH ./dev.sh build

[bvolpato]

[review-prs-verification]
Head: 8d93548
Ready to merge: yes
Files reviewed.

• kitty/boss.py
• kitty/mouse.c
• kitty/options/definition.py
• kitty/options/parse.py
• kitty/options/to-c-generated.h
• kitty/options/types.py
• kitty/options/utils.py
• kitty/state.c
• kitty/state.h
• kitty/tab_bar.py
• kitty/tabs.py
• kitty_tests/options.py
• kitty_tests/tab_bar.py
  Tests/checks run and results.
• python3 -m py_compile kitty/tab_bar.py kitty/tabs.py kitty/boss.py kitty/options/utils.py kitty/options/definition.py kitty/options/parse.py kitty/options/types.py kitty_tests/options.py kitty_tests/tab_bar.py: PASS
• PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/pkgconfig:/usr/share/pkgconfig:/usr/lib/pkgconfig: ./dev.sh build: PASS
• PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/pkgconfig:/usr/share/pkgconfig:/usr/lib/pkgconfig: ./kitty/launcher/kitty +launch test.py --module tab_bar: PASS (2 tests)
• PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/pkgconfig:/usr/share/pkgconfig:/usr/lib/pkgconfig: ./kitty/launcher/kitty +launch test.py --module options: PASS (3 tests)
• PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/pkgconfig:/usr/share/pkgconfig:/usr/lib/pkgconfig: ./kitty/launcher/kitty +launch test.py --module mouse: PASS (1 test)
• PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/pkgconfig:/usr/share/pkgconfig:/usr/lib/pkgconfig: ./kitty/launcher/kitty +launch test.py --module layout: PASS (5 tests)
• PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/pkgconfig:/usr/share/pkgconfig:/usr/lib/pkgconfig: ./kitty/launcher/kitty +launch test.py --module datatypes: PASS (22 tests)
• PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/pkgconfig:/usr/share/pkgconfig:/usr/lib/pkgconfig: ./kitty/launcher/kitty +launch test.py --module dnd: PASS (133 tests)
• gh pr checks 9855 --repo kovidgoyal/kitty --watch --interval 10: no checks reported on branch
  Fixes committed/pushed, if any.
• None.
  Final CI status.
• No status checks reported for head branch.

[kovidgoyal]

It's going to be a little while before I can review this as I am swamped with other work.