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# WIZnet W5500-EVB-Pico2 + E22P-868M30S — Meshtastic Variant

Meshtastic support for the **WIZnet W5500-EVB-Pico2**, a Raspberry Pi Pico 2 development board with an **integrated W5500 Ethernet PHY** on SPI0, paired with an external **EBYTE E22P-868M30S** LoRa module on SPI1.

This variant is hardware-twin of [`pico2_w5500_e22`](../diy/pico2_w5500_e22/) (same LoRa pinout, same W5500 pin mapping) but targets the WIZnet PCB rather than a standalone Pico 2 + external W5500 module. The two key differences are:

| | `pico2_w5500_e22` | `wiznet_5500_evb_pico2_e22p` |
| ------------ | -------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------- |
| Board target | `rpipico2` (4 MB flash) | `wiznet_5500_evb_pico2` (**2 MB flash**) |
| W5500 PHY | External breakout module (you wire it) | Integrated on the PCB (hard-wired) |

> ⚠️ Flashing a W5500-EVB-Pico2 with the `pico2_w5500_e22` env builds for a 4 MB flash target and can silently overflow the 2 MB available on the WIZnet PCB. Use this variant for the WIZnet board.

The LoRa wiring and `variant.h` are shared with `diy/pico2_w5500_e22` via `-I variants/rp2350/diy/pico2_w5500_e22` — there is no duplicated pinout file.

---

## Required Hardware

| Component | Model | Notes |
| --------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Board | WIZnet W5500-EVB-Pico2 | RP2350 @ 150 MHz, 512 KB RAM, **2 MB flash**, on-board W5500 |
| LoRa | EBYTE E22P-868M30S | SX1262 + 30 dBm PA, 868 MHz (Europe band); RFEN combines LNA + PA enable lines |

The W5500-EVB-Pico2 carries a smaller Q-SPI flash (2 MB) than a stock Pi Pico 2 (4 MB). The board target `wiznet_5500_evb_pico2` selects the correct flash size so the linker fails fast if the image overflows, instead of producing a UF2 that gets truncated when flashed to the device.

---

## Pinout

### System pins (W5500-EVB-Pico2, fixed by the PCB)

| GPIO | Function |
| ---- | --------------------------------------- |
| GP24 | VBUS sense — HIGH when USB is connected |
| GP25 | User LED (heartbeat) |
| GP29 | ADC3 — VSYS/3, measures supply voltage |

### W5500 Ethernet (SPI0, on-board)

| W5500 signal | RP2350 GPIO |
| ------------ | ----------- |
| MISO | GP16 |
| CS / SCS | GP17 |
| SCK | GP18 |
| MOSI | GP19 |
| RST | GP20 |
| INT | GP21 |
| VCC | 3.3V |
| GND | GND |

> All Ethernet pins are wired by the PCB — nothing to solder. SPI0 is reserved for the W5500.

### E22P-868M30S LoRa (SPI1, external)

| E22P signal | RP2350 GPIO | Notes |
| ----------- | ----------- | ------------------------------------------------- |
| SCK | GP10 | SPI1 clock |
| MOSI | GP11 | SPI1 TX |
| MISO | GP12 | SPI1 RX |
| NSS / CS | GP13 | Chip select |
| RESET | GP15 | Active LOW reset |
| DIO1 | GP14 | IRQ interrupt |
| BUSY | GP2 | Module busy indicator |
| RFEN | GP3 | Combined LNA + PA enable — held HIGH at all times |
| TXEN | ← DIO2 | Bridge on the module (see below) |
| VCC | 3.3V | Add a 100 µF capacitor close to the module |
| GND | GND | — |

---

## E22**P** vs E22 — what changed

The E22**P**-868M30**S** is the newer revision of EBYTE's 30 dBm 868 MHz module. The pinout is interchangeable with the E22-900M30S but the RF switch control differs:

- On the older E22-900M30S, **RXEN** enables the LNA and **TXEN** enables the PA (two separate pins).
- On the E22**P**-868M30**S**, both functions are merged into a single **RFEN** pin acting as a global RF enable. RFEN must be held HIGH whenever the radio is active — both during RX and TX.

The firmware drives this with `SX126X_ANT_SW 3`, which sets GP3 (RFEN) HIGH once at boot and leaves it there. TXEN switching during transmit is still handled by the on-module DIO2 → TXEN bridge (see below).

---

## Special wiring: DIO2 → TXEN bridge on the E22P module

The E22P-868M30S does **not** connect DIO2 to the TXEN pin of its PA internally. They must be bridged with a short wire or solder bridge **on the module itself**:

```text
E22P DIO2 pin ──┐
├── wire / solder bridge on the module
E22P TXEN pin ──┘
```

With this bridge in place, `SX126X_DIO2_AS_RF_SWITCH` causes the SX1262 to drive DIO2 HIGH automatically during TX, enabling the PA without needing an RP2350 GPIO for TXEN.

**Without this bridge the module will not transmit.**

---

## Build

```bash
pio run -e wiznet_5500_evb_pico2_e22p
```

### Flash — BOOTSEL mode

1. Hold the **BOOTSEL** button on the W5500-EVB-Pico2.
2. Connect USB to the PC — it appears as a `RPI-RP2` storage drive.
3. Copy the `.uf2` file:

```text
.pio/build/wiznet_5500_evb_pico2_e22p/firmware-wiznet_5500_evb_pico2_e22p-*.uf2
```

Or directly with picotool:

```bash
pio run -e wiznet_5500_evb_pico2_e22p -t upload
```

---

## Network usage

This board uses Ethernet (no Wi-Fi). From the Meshtastic app:

- **Enable Ethernet** under `Config → Network → Ethernet Enabled`
- **DHCP** by default; static IP can also be configured

Services available once connected:

| Service | Details |
| ------- | --------------------------- |
| NTP | Time synchronization |
| MQTT | Messages to external broker |
| API | TCP socket on port 4403 |
| Syslog | Remote logging (optional) |

---

## Technical notes

### LoRa — RF control

| Define | Effect |
| ------------------------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------- |
| `SX126X_ANT_SW 3` | GP3 (RFEN) driven HIGH at init and never toggled again |
| `SX126X_DIO2_AS_RF_SWITCH` | SX1262 drives DIO2 HIGH during TX → enables TXEN via bridge |
| `SX126X_DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE 1.8` | E22P TCXO controlled by DIO3 |
| `-D EBYTE_E22_900M30S` | Sets `TX_GAIN_LORA=7`, max power 22 dBm |

### Ethernet

- Library: `arduino-libraries/Ethernet@^2.0.2` (supports W5100/W5200/W5500 auto-detection).
- SPI0 is explicitly initialized with pins GP16/18/19 before `Ethernet.init()`.
- DHCP timeout is set to 10 s (instead of the default 60 s) to avoid blocking LoRa startup.

### HW_VENDOR

Mapped to `meshtastic_HardwareModel_PRIVATE_HW` — no dedicated model exists in the Meshtastic protobuf for this hardware combination.
29 changes: 29 additions & 0 deletions variants/rp2350/diy/wiznet_5500_evb_pico2_e22p/platformio.ini
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[env:wiznet_5500_evb_pico2_e22p]
extends = rp2350_base
board = wiznet_5500_evb_pico2
board_level = community
upload_protocol = picotool

# Reuses the variant.h from variants/rp2350/diy/pico2_w5500_e22 — same LoRa
# pinout, same W5500 pin mapping. The only differences vs pico2_w5500_e22 are
# the board target (this PCB has 2 MB flash instead of 4 MB) and the W5500
# being soldered on-board instead of an external module.
build_flags =
${rp2350_base.build_flags}
-ULED_BUILTIN # avoid "LED_BUILTIN redefined" warnings from framework common.h
-I variants/rp2350/diy/pico2_w5500_e22
-D HW_SPI1_DEVICE
-D EBYTE_E22_900M30S # selects the EBYTE E22(P)-900M30S(S) module config, including TCXO voltage support and TX gain / max power settings

# Re-enable Ethernet and API source paths excluded in rp2350_base
build_src_filter = ${rp2350_base.build_src_filter} +<mesh/eth/> +<mesh/api/> +<mqtt/>

lib_deps =
${rp2350_base.lib_deps}
${networking_base.lib_deps}
${networking_extra.lib_deps}
# Standard WIZnet Ethernet library — supports W5100/W5200/W5500 auto-detect
arduino-libraries/Ethernet@^2.0.2

debug_build_flags = ${rp2350_base.build_flags}, -g
debug_tool = cmsis-dap