CanCan

Rails Admin is fully compatible with CanCan, an authorization framework to limit which actions a user can perform on each model.

Setup CanCan

If you haven't already, setup CanCan by adding it to your Gemfile and running the bundle command.

gem "cancan"

Next, run the generator to create an Ability class. This is where authorization rules are defined.

rails g cancan:ability

Add to Rails Admin

To use it with Rails Admin, add this to an initializer.

# in config/initializers/rails_admin.rb

RailsAdmin.config do |config|
  config.authorize_with :cancan
end

At this point, all authorization will fail and no one will be able to access the admin pages. To grant access, add this to Ability#initialize. You must also grant access to the dashboard, or the login will fail there.

can :access, :rails_admin   # grant access to rails_admin
can :dashboard              # grant access to the dashboard

Then, you will need to grant access on each of the models. Here's a complete example of an Ability class which defines different permissions depending upon the user's role.

class Ability
  include CanCan::Ability
  def initialize(user)
    can :read, :all                   # allow everyone to read everything
    if user && user.admin?
      can :access, :rails_admin       # only allow admin users to access Rails Admin
      can :dashboard                  # allow access to dashboard
      if user.role? :superadmin
        can :manage, :all             # allow superadmins to do anything
      elsif user.role? :manager
        can :manage, [User, Product]  # allow managers to do anything to products and users
      elsif user.role? :sales
        can :update, Product, :hidden => false  # allow sales to only update visible products
      end
    end
  end
end

How you define the user roles is completely up to you. See the CanCan Documentation for more information.

Use different Ability classes for front-end and admin

If you use Cancan in your project, there are chances that abilities for RailsAdmin will conflict with your project ones. In that case, you will want to define a specific Ability class for admin section (e.g. AdminAbility).

You just have to add your admin ability class as a second parameter to authorize_with:

# in config/initializers/rails_admin.rb

RailsAdmin.config do |config|
  config.authorize_with :cancan, AdminAbility
end

With AdminAbility:

# in models/admin_ability.rb
class AdminAbility
  include CanCan::Ability
  def initialize(user)
    if user && user.admin?
      can :access, :rails_admin
      can :manage, :all   
    end
  end
end

Handle Unauthorized Access

If the user authorization fails, a CanCan::AccessDenied exception will be raised. You can catch this and modify its behavior in the ApplicationController.

class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base
  rescue_from CanCan::AccessDenied do |exception|
    redirect_to main_app.root_path, :alert => exception.message
  end
end

CanCan::AuthorizationNotPerformed exception

Remove check_authorization from app/controllers/application_controller.rb, use load_and_authorize_resource on every controllers instead.

Or use the :unless option to test against rails_admin_controller?.

RailsAdmin verbs

Each action in RailsAdmin checks for authorization if adapter is present. Usually the name of the action gives the name of the verb used.

Here are the checks used by default in RailsAdmin:

# Always performed
can :access, :rails_admin # needed to access RailsAdmin

# Performed checks for `root` level actions:
can :dashboard            # dashboard access

# Performed checks for `collection` scoped actions:
can :index, Model         # included in :read
can :new, Model           # included in :create
can :export, Model
can :history, Model       # for HistoryIndex
can :destroy, Model       # for BulkDelete

# Performed checks for `member` scoped actions:
can :show, Model, object            # included in :read
can :edit, Model, object            # included in :update
can :destroy, Model, object         # for Delete
can :history, Model, object         # for HistoryShow
can :show_in_app, Model, object