Add cphase_gauge #17313

Job	Run time
Packaging test	1m 14s
Type check	1m 22s
Format check	9s
Misc check	4s
Build protos	12s
Changed files test	1m 10s
Coverage check	10m 18s
Doc test	1m 35s
Lint check	2m 35s
Isolated pytest Ubuntu	8m 15s
Pytest MacOS (3.10)	7m 38s
Notebook formatting	6s
Pytest MacOS (3.11)	7m 15s
Notebook Tests against PR	10m 0s
Pytest MacOS (3.12)	7m 27s
Changed Notebooks Isolated Test against Cirq stable (partition-0)	45s
Changed Notebooks Isolated Test against Cirq stable (partition-1)	50s
Check consistency of requirements	20s
Changed Notebooks Isolated Test against Cirq stable (partition-2)	42s
Pytest Ubuntu (3.10)	6m 18s
Pytest Ubuntu with NumPy-2 (3.10)	6m 9s
Changed Notebooks Isolated Test against Cirq stable (partition-3)	41s
Pytest Ubuntu (3.11)	6m 0s
Pytest Ubuntu with NumPy-2 (3.11)	5m 52s
Pytest Ubuntu (3.12)	6m 12s
Shell check	6s
Pytest Ubuntu with NumPy-2 (3.12)	6m 10s
Bundle file consistency	44s
Pytest Ubuntu with NumPy-2 (3.13)	6m 10s
Typescript lint check	31s
Pytest Windows (3.10)	10m 0s
Typescript tests coverage	36s
Typescript tests	41s
Pytest Windows (3.11)	10m 8s
Pytest Windows (3.12)	9m 56s
	2h 18m 11s

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