Merge from origin/emacs-26

f2caf08 ; Spelling fixes
f0e5f22 * lisp/progmodes/grep.el (zrgrep):
a0f7126 Minor copyedits in doc/emacs/text.texi
adfe2f5 Remove outdated comment in syntax.el
b80e15b Prevent Flyspell from changing unrelated words
e385599 Avoid errors in flymake in builds --without-x
d691e30 More improvements of the Emacs manual

ChangeLog.2

@@ -9949,7 +9949,7 @@
 	* lisp/files-x.el (modify-dir-local-variable): Small rewrite
 
 	Change a variable name to be more meaningful, and reorder some of
-	the code with no change in behaviour.
+	the code with no change in behavior.
 
 2016-01-26  Artur Malabarba  <[email protected]>
 

ChangeLog.3

@@ -4805,7 +4805,7 @@
 
 2017-10-11  Alan Third  <[email protected]>
 
-	Make frame-list-z-order on NS match Windows behaviour (bug#28788)
+	Make frame-list-z-order on NS match Windows behavior (bug#28788)
 
 	* src/nsfns.m (Fns_frame_list_z_order): If terminal isn't a frame,
 	ignore it rather than returning nil.
@@ -5932,7 +5932,7 @@
 
 	Flymake uses some new fringe bitmaps
 
-	Also fix behaviour whereby flymake wouldn't react to a change in the
+	Also fix behavior whereby flymake wouldn't react to a change in the
 	variable.
 
 	* lisp/progmodes/flymake-ui.el (flymake-error-bitmap)
@@ -6180,7 +6180,7 @@
 	REPORT-FN's calling convention stipulates that a backend calls it with
 	a list of diagnostics as argument, or, alternatively, with a symbol
 	denoting an exceptional situation, usually some panic resulting from a
-	misconfigured backend.  In keeping with legacy behaviour,
+	misconfigured backend.  In keeping with legacy behavior,
 	flymake.el's response to a panic is to disable the issuing backend.
 
 	The flymake--diag object representing a diagnostic now also keeps
@@ -7918,7 +7918,7 @@
 
 2017-09-15  Michael Albinus  <[email protected]>
 
-	Improve Tramp behaviour according to bug#27986
+	Improve Tramp behavior according to bug#27986
 
 	* lisp/net/tramp-adb.el (tramp-adb-handle-copy-file):
 	* lisp/net/tramp-sh.el (tramp-sh-handle-copy-directory):
@@ -8120,7 +8120,7 @@
 
 	Add clarification to if-let* docstring
 
-	Also make its behaviour consistent with and-let* in that empty bindings
+	Also make its behavior consistent with and-let* in that empty bindings
 	results in success, not failure.
 	* lisp/emacs-lisp/subr-x.el: Edit docstring, change else to then.
 
@@ -22797,7 +22797,7 @@
 	(Type Descriptors): new section.
 	* doc/lispref/elisp.texi: reference it.
 	* doc/lispref/records.texi (Records): reference it.  Document
-	behaviour when type slot is a record.
+	behavior when type slot is a record.
 
 	* admin/alloc-colors.c (Fmake_record, Frecord): mention type desciptors.
 
@@ -23348,7 +23348,7 @@
 
 	Now dired-mark-extension prepends '.' to extension when not present.
 	Add command dired-mark-suffix to preserve the previous
-	behaviour (Bug#25942).
+	behavior (Bug#25942).
 	* lisp/dired-x.el (dired-mark-suffix): New command;
 	mark files ending in a given suffix.
 	(dired--mark-suffix-interactive-spec): New defun.
@@ -45072,7 +45072,7 @@
 	Sync from gnulib
 
 	This incorporates a spelling fix, plus:
-	2016-05-09 Fix undefined behaviour in gettext.h
+	2016-05-09 Fix undefined behavior in gettext.h
 	* lib/gettext.h, lib/mktime.c:
 	Copy from gnulib.
 
@@ -54900,7 +54900,7 @@
 	make check unconditional, check-maybe top-level.
 
 	 * Makefile.in: Add check-maybe target.
-	 * test/Makefile.in: Restore unconditional behaviour to make check.
+	 * test/Makefile.in: Restore unconditional behavior to make check.
 
 2015-12-01  Phillip Lord  <[email protected]>
 

doc/emacs/glossary.texi

@@ -103,13 +103,14 @@ supports both of these forms, as well as any mixture of them---this
 is ``bidirectional text''.  @xref{Bidirectional Editing}.
 
 @item Bind
+@anchor{Glossary---Bind}
 To bind a key sequence means to give it a binding (q.v.).
 @xref{Rebinding}.
 
 @anchor{Glossary---Binding}
 @item Binding
 A key sequence gets its meaning in Emacs by having a binding, which is a
-command (q.v.), a Lisp function that is run when you type that
+command (q.v.)---a Lisp function that is run when you type that
 sequence.  @xref{Commands,Binding}.  Customization often involves
 rebinding a character to a different command function.  The bindings of
 all key sequences are recorded in the keymaps (q.v.).  @xref{Keymaps}.
@@ -141,8 +142,8 @@ are visiting (q.v.@:) some file.  @xref{Buffers}.
 
 @item Buffer Selection History
 Emacs keeps a buffer selection history that records how recently each
-Emacs buffer has been selected.  This is used for choosing a buffer to
-select.  @xref{Buffers}.
+Emacs buffer has been selected.  This is used for choosing which
+buffer to select.  @xref{Buffers}.
 
 @item Bug
 A bug is an incorrect or unreasonable behavior of a program, or
@@ -220,9 +221,9 @@ the clipboard is used @emph{instead} of the primary selection.
 @xref{Clipboard}.
 
 @item Coding System
-A coding system is an encoding for representing text characters in a
-file or in a stream of information.  Emacs has the ability to convert
-text to or from a variety of coding systems when reading or writing it.
+A coding system is a way to encode text characters in a file or in a
+stream of information.  Emacs has the ability to convert text to or
+from a variety of coding systems when reading or writing it.
 @xref{Coding Systems}.
 
 @item Command
@@ -263,12 +264,12 @@ executes faster.
 
 @item Complete Key
 A complete key is a key sequence that fully specifies one action to be
-performed by Emacs.  For example, @kbd{X} and @kbd{C-f} and @kbd{C-x m}
-are complete keys.  Complete keys derive their meanings from being bound
-(q.v.@:) to commands (q.v.).  Thus, @kbd{X} is conventionally bound to
-a command to insert @samp{X} in the buffer; @kbd{C-x m} is
-conventionally bound to a command to begin composing a mail message.
-@xref{Keys}.
+performed by Emacs.  For example, @kbd{X} and @kbd{C-f} and @kbd{C-x
+m} are complete keys.  Complete keys derive their meanings from being
+bound (@pxref{Glossary---Bind}) to commands (q.v.).  Thus, @kbd{X} is
+conventionally bound to a command to insert @samp{X} in the buffer;
+@kbd{C-x m} is conventionally bound to a command to begin composing a
+mail message.  @xref{Keys}.
 
 @item Completion
 Completion is what Emacs does when it automatically expands an
@@ -281,11 +282,11 @@ file names.  Completion usually occurs when @key{TAB}, @key{SPC} or
 @anchor{Glossary---Continuation Line}
 @item Continuation Line
 When a line of text is longer than the width of the window, it
-normally (but see @ref{Glossary---Truncation}) takes up more than one
-screen line when displayed.  We say that the text line is continued, and all
-screen lines used for it after the first are called continuation
-lines.  @xref{Continuation Lines}.  A related Emacs feature is
-filling (q.v.).
+normally takes up more than one screen line when displayed (but see
+@ref{Glossary---Truncation}).  We say that the text line is continued,
+and all screen lines used for it after the first are called
+continuation lines.  @xref{Continuation Lines}.  A related Emacs
+feature is filling (q.v.).
 
 @item Control Character
 A control character is a character that you type by holding down the
@@ -418,7 +419,7 @@ Variables}.
 On GNU and other Unix-like systems, directory names are strings that
 end in @samp{/}.  For example, @file{/no-such-dir/} is a directory
 name whereas @file{/tmp} is not, even though @file{/tmp} names a file
-that happens to be a directory.  On MS-DOS the relationship is more
+that happens to be a directory.  On MS-Windows the relationship is more
 complicated.  @xref{Directory Names,,, elisp, the Emacs Lisp Reference
 Manual}.
 

doc/emacs/misc.texi

@@ -2463,12 +2463,6 @@ sessions, or add this line in your init file (@pxref{Init File}):
 (desktop-save-mode 1)
 @end example
 
-@vindex desktop-auto-save-timeout
-@noindent
-When @code{desktop-save-mode} is active and the desktop file exists,
-Emacs auto-saves it every @code{desktop-auto-save-timeout}
-seconds, if that is non-@code{nil} and non-zero.
-
 @findex desktop-change-dir
 @findex desktop-revert
 @vindex desktop-path

doc/emacs/programs.texi

@@ -77,7 +77,6 @@ mode for the C programming language is @code{c-mode}.
 @cindex VHDL mode
 @cindex M4 mode
 @cindex Shell-script mode
-@cindex Scheme mode
 @cindex OPascal mode
 @cindex PostScript mode
 @cindex Conf mode

doc/emacs/rmail.texi

@@ -802,7 +802,7 @@ its contents.
 @vindex rmail-enable-mime-composing
 @findex unforward-rmail-message
   Rmail offers two formats for forwarded messages.  The default is to
-use MIME (@pxref{Rmail Display}) format.  This includes the original
+use the MIME format (@pxref{Rmail Display}).  This includes the original
 message as a separate part.  You can use a simpler format if you
 prefer, by setting the variable @code{rmail-enable-mime-composing} to
 @code{nil}.  In this case, Rmail just includes the original message
@@ -1092,7 +1092,7 @@ Sort messages of current Rmail buffer by author's name.
 @findex rmail-sort-by-recipient
 @item C-c C-s C-r
 @itemx M-x rmail-sort-by-recipient
-Sort messages of current Rmail buffer by recipient's names.
+Sort messages of current Rmail buffer by recipient's name.
 
 @findex rmail-sort-by-correspondent
 @item C-c C-s C-c

doc/emacs/text.texi

@@ -1461,8 +1461,9 @@ etc.
 export and publication.  To export the current buffer, type @kbd{C-c
 C-e} (@code{org-export}) anywhere in an Org buffer.  This command
 prompts for an export format; currently supported formats include
-HTML, @LaTeX{}, OpenDocument (@file{.odt}), and PDF@.  Some formats,
-such as PDF, require certain system tools to be installed.
+HTML, @LaTeX{}, Texinfo, OpenDocument (@file{.odt}), iCalendar,
+Markdown, man-page, and PDF@.  Some formats, such as PDF, require
+certain system tools to be installed.
 
 @vindex org-publish-project-alist
   To export several files at once to a specific directory, either
@@ -1521,14 +1522,14 @@ with @LaTeX{}.}.
   Emacs provides a @TeX{} major mode for each of these variants: Plain
 @TeX{} mode, @LaTeX{} mode, Doc@TeX{} mode, and Sli@TeX{} mode.  Emacs
 selects the appropriate mode by looking at the contents of the buffer.
-(This is done by the @code{tex-mode} command, which is normally called
-automatically when you visit a @TeX{}-like file.  @xref{Choosing
-Modes}.)  If the contents are insufficient to determine this, Emacs
-chooses the mode specified by the variable @code{tex-default-mode};
-its default value is @code{latex-mode}.  If Emacs does not guess
-right, you can select the correct variant of @TeX{} mode using the
-command @kbd{M-x plain-tex-mode}, @kbd{M-x latex-mode}, @kbd{M-x
-slitex-mode}, or @kbd{doctex-mode}.
+(This is done by invoking the @code{tex-mode} command, which is
+normally called automatically when you visit a @TeX{}-like file.
+@xref{Choosing Modes}.)  If the contents are insufficient to determine
+this, Emacs chooses the mode specified by the variable
+@code{tex-default-mode}; its default value is @code{latex-mode}.  If
+Emacs does not guess right, you can select the correct variant of
+@TeX{} mode using the commands @code{plain-tex-mode},
+@code{latex-mode}, @code{slitex-mode}, or @code{doctex-mode}.
 
   The following sections document the features of @TeX{} mode and its
 variants.  There are several other @TeX{}-related Emacs packages,
@@ -1701,14 +1702,16 @@ chapter of a larger document).
 @table @kbd
 @item C-c C-b
 Invoke @TeX{} on the entire current buffer (@code{tex-buffer}).
+
 @item C-c C-r
 Invoke @TeX{} on the current region, together with the buffer's header
 (@code{tex-region}).
+
 @item C-c C-f
 Invoke @TeX{} on the current file (@code{tex-file}).
 
 @item C-c C-v
-Preview the output from the last @kbd{C-c C-r}, @kbd{C-c C-b}, or @kbd{C-c
+Preview the output from the last @kbd{C-c C-b}, @kbd{C-c C-r}, or @kbd{C-c
 C-f} command (@code{tex-view}).
 
 @item C-c C-p
@@ -1743,7 +1746,7 @@ C-p} (@code{tex-print}) to print a hardcopy of the output file.
 @cindex @env{TEXINPUTS} environment variable
 @vindex tex-directory
   By default, @kbd{C-c C-b} runs @TeX{} in the current directory.  The
-output of @TeX{} also goes in this directory.  To run @TeX{} in a
+output of @TeX{} is also created in this directory.  To run @TeX{} in a
 different directory, change the variable @code{tex-directory} to
 the desired directory.  If your environment variable @env{TEXINPUTS}
 contains relative names, or if your files contain
@@ -1889,14 +1892,16 @@ keys (@pxref{Completion}).
 
 @vindex tex-shell-hook
 @vindex tex-mode-hook
+@vindex doctex-mode-hook
 @vindex latex-mode-hook
 @vindex slitex-mode-hook
 @vindex plain-tex-mode-hook
   Entering any variant of @TeX{} mode runs the hooks
 @code{text-mode-hook} and @code{tex-mode-hook}.  Then it runs either
-@code{plain-tex-mode-hook}, @code{latex-mode-hook}, or
-@code{slitex-mode-hook}, whichever is appropriate.  Starting the
-@TeX{} shell runs the hook @code{tex-shell-hook}.  @xref{Hooks}.
+@code{plain-tex-mode-hook}, @code{doctex-mode-hook},
+@code{latex-mode-hook}, or @code{slitex-mode-hook}, whichever is
+appropriate.  Starting the @TeX{} shell runs the hook
+@code{tex-shell-hook}.  @xref{Hooks}.
 
 @findex iso-iso2tex
 @findex iso-tex2iso
@@ -2002,7 +2007,8 @@ characters themselves (@code{sgml-name-8bit-mode}).
 @kindex C-c C-v @r{(SGML mode)}
 @findex sgml-validate
 Run a shell command (which you must specify) to validate the current
-buffer as SGML (@code{sgml-validate}).
+buffer as SGML (@code{sgml-validate}).  (In HTML mode this key
+sequence runs a different command.)
 
 @item C-c @key{TAB}
 @kindex C-c TAB @r{(SGML mode)}
@@ -2913,7 +2919,7 @@ right-hand buffer.)
 @kindex F2 RET
 @kindex C-x 6 RET
 @findex 2C-newline
-  The command @kbd{C-x 6 @key{RET}} or @kbd{@key{F2} @key{RET}}
+  The command @kbd{@key{F2} @key{RET}} or @kbd{C-x 6 @key{RET}}
 (@code{2C-newline}) inserts a newline in each of the two buffers at
 corresponding positions.  This is the easiest way to add a new line to
 the two-column text while editing it in split buffers.

doc/misc/cc-mode.texi

@@ -4734,7 +4734,7 @@ Once again, line 8 is assigned as @code{brace-entry-open} as is line
 with anchor point at the @samp{@{} of line 8@footnote{This extra
 syntactic element was introduced in @ccmode{} 5.33.1 to allow extra
 flexibility in indenting the second line of such a construct.  You can
-preserve the behaviour resulting from the former syntactic analysis by
+preserve the behavior resulting from the former syntactic analysis by
 giving @code{brace-list-entry} an offset of
 @code{c-lineup-under-anchor} (@pxref{Misc Line-Up}).}, and
 @code{brace-list-entry} anchored on the @samp{1} of line 8.

doc/misc/org.texi

@@ -10235,7 +10235,7 @@ for display purposes only.
 @cindex dash, special symbol
 @cindex ellipsis, special symbol
 In addition to regular entities defined above, Org exports in a special
-way@footnote{This behaviour can be disabled with @code{-} export setting
+way@footnote{This behavior can be disabled with @code{-} export setting
 (@pxref{Export settings}).} the following commonly used character
 combinations: @samp{\-} is treated as a shy hyphen, @samp{--} and @samp{---}
 are converted into dashes, and @samp{...} becomes a compact set of dots.

doc/misc/tramp.texi

@@ -3563,7 +3563,7 @@ Why is @file{~/.sh_history} file on the remote host growing?
 @vindex tramp-histfile-override
 Due to the remote shell saving tilde expansions triggered by
 @value{tramp}, the history file is probably growing rapidly.
-@value{tramp} can suppress this behaviour with the user option
+@value{tramp} can suppress this behavior with the user option
 @option{tramp-histfile-override}.  When set to @code{t}, environment
 variable @env{HISTFILE} is unset, and environment variables
 @env{HISTFILESIZE} @env{HISTSIZE} are set to 0.

etc/ORG-NEWS

@@ -1358,7 +1358,7 @@ don't have to be distinct on a heading.
 
 Grouptags had to previously be defined with { }.  This syntax is
 already used for exclusive tags and Grouptags need their own,
-non-exclusive syntax.  This behaviour is achieved with [ ].  Note: { }
+non-exclusive syntax.  This behavior is achieved with [ ].  Note: { }
 can still be used also for Grouptags but then only one of the given
 tags can be used on the headline at the same time.  Example:
 
@@ -1422,9 +1422,9 @@ Check the documentation for more details.
 
 Thanks to Jarmo Hurri for this feature.
 
-*** New behaviour for ~org-toggle-latex-fragment~
+*** New behavior for ~org-toggle-latex-fragment~
 
-The new behaviour is the following:
+The new behavior is the following:
 
 - With a double prefix argument or with a single prefix argument when
   point is before the first headline, toggle overlays in the whole
@@ -1623,10 +1623,10 @@ leading spaces within table cells.
 Org uses the MathJax CDN by default.  See the manual and the docstring
 of ~org-html-mathjax-options~ for details.
 
-*** New behaviour in `org-export-options-alist'
+*** New behavior in `org-export-options-alist'
 
 When defining a back-end, it is now possible to specify to give
-`parse' behaviour on a keyword.  It is equivalent to call
+`parse' behavior on a keyword.  It is equivalent to call
 `org-element-parse-secondary-string' on the value.
 
 However, parsed =KEYWORD= is automatically associated to an
@@ -1745,7 +1745,7 @@ everywhere in the buffer, possibly corrupting URLs.
 *** Removed option =org-babel-sh-command=
 
 This undocumented option defaulted to the value of =shell-file-name= at
-the time of loading =ob-shell=.  The new behaviour is to use the value
+the time of loading =ob-shell=.  The new behavior is to use the value
 of =shell-file-name= directly when the shell langage is =shell=.  To chose
 a different shell, either customize =shell-file-name= or bind this
 variable locally.

lisp/emacs-lisp/syntax.el

@@ -363,12 +363,6 @@ An \"outermost position\" means one that it is outside of any syntactic entity:
 outside of any parentheses, comments, or strings encountered in the scan.
 If no such position is recorded in PPSS (because the end of the scan was
 itself at the outermost level), return nil."
-  ;; BEWARE! We rely on the undocumented 9th field.  The 9th field currently
-  ;; contains the list of positions of the enclosing open-parens.
-  ;; I.e. those positions are outside of any string/comment and the first of
-  ;; those is outside of any paren (i.e. corresponds to a nil ppss).
-  ;; If this list is empty but we are in a string or comment, then the 8th
-  ;; field contains a similar "toplevel" position.
   (or (car (nth 9 ppss))
       (nth 8 ppss)))