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Add H2 into our fuel media #517

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e027620
first try
pierre-eliep-met Dec 19, 2024
4810149
fixed issues, H2 is integrated :)
pierre-eliep-met Dec 19, 2024
6ecf945
clean up test variables
pierre-eliep-met Dec 19, 2024
fb46395
clean up unit test
pierre-eliep-met Dec 19, 2024
cb07627
repair balance
pierre-eliep-met Dec 19, 2024
51432eb
updated examples files
pierre-eliep-met Dec 19, 2024
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4 changes: 2 additions & 2 deletions MetroscopeModelingLibrary/Examples/CCGT/GasTurbine_direct.mo
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Expand Up @@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ model GasTurbine_direct
parameter Real combustionChamber_eta = 0.9999;

// Inputs for calibration
output Units.NegativeMassFlowRate source_Q "kg/s";
output Units.PositiveMassFlowRate source_Q "kg/s";
output Real compressor_P_out "barA";
output Real compressor_T_out "degC";
output Real W "MW";
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ equation
source_fuel.P_out = P_fuel;
source_fuel.h_out = h_fuel;
source_fuel.Q_out = Q_fuel;
source_fuel.Xi_out = {0.90,0.05,0,0,0.025,0.025};
source_fuel.Xi_out = {0.80,0.05,0,0,0.025,0.025,0.1};

// Parameters
combustion_chamber.Kfr = combustion_chamber_Kfr;
Expand Down
4 changes: 2 additions & 2 deletions MetroscopeModelingLibrary/Examples/CCGT/GasTurbine_reverse.mo
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Expand Up @@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ model GasTurbine_reverse
parameter Real combustionChamber_eta = 0.9999;

// Inputs for calibration
input Units.NegativeMassFlowRate source_Q(start=500) "kg/s";
input Units.PositiveMassFlowRate source_Q(start=500) "kg/s";
input Real compressor_P_out(start = 16) "barA";
input Real compressor_T_out(start = 406) "degC";
input Real W(start = 200) "MW";
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ equation
source_fuel.P_out = P_fuel;
source_fuel.h_out = h_fuel;
source_fuel.Q_out = Q_fuel;
source_fuel.Xi_out = {0.90,0.05,0,0,0.025,0.025};
source_fuel.Xi_out = {0.80,0.05,0,0,0.025,0.025,0.1};

// Parameters
combustion_chamber.Kfr = combustion_chamber_Kfr;
Expand Down
2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion MetroscopeModelingLibrary/Examples/CCGT/MetroscopiaCCGT/MetroscopiaCCGT_direct.mo
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Expand Up @@ -693,7 +693,7 @@ equation
Q_fuel_source_sensor.Q = Q_fuel_source;
P_fuel_source_sensor.P_barA = P_fuel_source;
T_fuel_source_sensor.T_degC = T_fuel_source;
source_fuel.Xi_out = {0.90,0.05,0,0,0.025,0.025};
source_fuel.Xi_out = {0.80,0.05,0,0,0.025,0.025,0.1};

// Air Filter
// Quantities definition
Expand Down
2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion MetroscopeModelingLibrary/Examples/CCGT/MetroscopiaCCGT/MetroscopiaCCGT_reverse.mo
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Expand Up @@ -399,7 +399,7 @@ equation
Q_fuel_source_sensor.Q = Q_fuel_source;
P_fuel_source_sensor.P_barA = P_fuel_source;
T_fuel_source_sensor.T_degC = T_fuel_source;
source_fuel.Xi_out = {0.90,0.05,0,0,0.025,0.025};
source_fuel.Xi_out = {0.80,0.05,0,0,0.025,0.025,0.1};

// Air Filter
// Quantities definition
Expand Down
7 changes: 7 additions & 0 deletions MetroscopeModelingLibrary/Fuel/BoundaryConditions/Source.mo
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Expand Up @@ -17,6 +17,8 @@ model Source
Real amC4H10 "C4H10 molecular mass";
Real amCO2 "CO2 molecular mass";
Real amN2 "H2O molecular mass";
Real amH2 "H2 molecular mass";


// Fuel composition
Utilities.Units.MassFraction X_CH4(start=0.848);
Expand All @@ -25,6 +27,7 @@ model Source
Utilities.Units.MassFraction X_C4H10_n_butane(start=0.00668);
Utilities.Units.MassFraction X_N2(start=0.024);
Utilities.Units.MassFraction X_CO2(start=0.025);
Utilities.Units.MassFraction X_H2(start=0.0);

// Mole fractions
Real X_molar_CH4(start=0.92);
Expand All @@ -33,6 +36,7 @@ model Source
Real X_molar_C4H10_n_butane(start=0.002);
Real X_molar_N2(start=0.015);
Real X_molar_CO2(start=0.01);
Real X_molar_H2(start=0.0);

// Mean molecular mass
Real mean_molecular_mass(start=17);
Expand All @@ -46,6 +50,7 @@ equation
amC4H10 = 4*amC + 10*amH;
amN2 = 2*amN;
amCO2 = amC + 2*amO;
amH2 = 2*amH;

// Composition mass fraction
X_CH4 = Xi_out[1]; // methane
Expand All @@ -54,6 +59,7 @@ equation
X_C4H10_n_butane = Xi_out[4]; // butane
X_N2 = Xi_out[5]; // nitrogen
X_CO2 = Xi_out[6]; // carbon dioxyde
X_H2 = Xi_out[7]; // carbon dioxyde

// Mean Molecular Mass: this gives the correct results only if the molar fraction is given as an input, if the mass fraction is given, this quantity is useless
mean_molecular_mass = X_molar_CH4*amCH4 + X_molar_C2H6*amC2H6 + X_molar_C3H8*amC3H8 + X_molar_C4H10_n_butane*amC4H10 + X_molar_N2*amN2 + X_molar_CO2*amCO2;
Expand All @@ -65,6 +71,7 @@ equation
X_molar_C4H10_n_butane = X_C4H10_n_butane/amC4H10 * mean_molecular_mass;
X_molar_N2 = X_N2/amN2 * mean_molecular_mass;
X_molar_CO2 = X_CO2/amCO2 * mean_molecular_mass;
X_molar_H2 = X_H2/amH2 * mean_molecular_mass;

annotation (Icon(graphics={
Ellipse(
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15 changes: 6 additions & 9 deletions MetroscopeModelingLibrary/MultiFluid/Machines/CombustionChamber.mo
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Expand Up @@ -44,14 +44,15 @@ model CombustionChamber
Units.MassFraction X_fuel_C4H10_n_butane(start=0.002);
Units.MassFraction X_fuel_N2(start=0.015);
Units.MassFraction X_fuel_CO2(start=0.01);
Units.MassFraction X_fuel_H2(start=0.01);

Units.MassFraction X_fuel_C(start=0.8) "C mass fraction in the fuel";
Units.MassFraction X_fuel_H(start=0.2) "H mass fraction in the fuel";
Units.MassFraction X_fuel_O(start=0) "O mass fraction in the fuel";

// Heating values
Units.SpecificEnthalpy HHV = (hhv_mass_CH4*X_fuel_CH4 + hhv_mass_C2H6*X_fuel_C2H6 + hhv_mass_C3H8*X_fuel_C3H8 + hhv_mass_C4H10*X_fuel_C4H10_n_butane)*1e6 "J/kg can be assigned in component modifiers";
Units.SpecificEnthalpy LHV = HHV - 2202.92069 * m_H*(4*X_fuel_CH4/m_CH4 + 6*X_fuel_C2H6/m_C2H6 + 8*X_fuel_C3H8/m_C3H8 + 10*X_fuel_C4H10_n_butane/m_C4H10)*1e4 "J/kg can be assigned in component modifiers";
Units.SpecificEnthalpy HHV = (hhv_mass_H2*X_fuel_H2 + hhv_mass_CH4*X_fuel_CH4 + hhv_mass_C2H6*X_fuel_C2H6 + hhv_mass_C3H8*X_fuel_C3H8 + hhv_mass_C4H10*X_fuel_C4H10_n_butane)*1e6 "J/kg can be assigned in component modifiers";
Units.SpecificEnthalpy LHV = HHV - 2202.92069 * X_fuel_H*1e4 "J/kg can be assigned in component modifiers";

// Initialization parameters
parameter Units.SpecificEnthalpy h_in_air_0 = 5e5;
Expand All @@ -72,10 +73,10 @@ equation
Q_air = sink_air.Q_in;
Q_fuel = sink_fuel.Q_in;
Q_exhaust = - source_exhaust.Q_out;
h_exhaust = source_exhaust.h_out;

h_in_air = sink_air.h_in;
h_in_fuel = sink_fuel.h_in;
h_exhaust = source_exhaust.h_out;

X_in_N2 = sink_air.Xi_in[1];
X_in_O2 = sink_air.Xi_in[2];
Expand All @@ -89,6 +90,7 @@ equation
X_fuel_C4H10_n_butane= sink_fuel.Xi_in[4]; //butane
X_fuel_N2= sink_fuel.Xi_in[5]; // nitrogen
X_fuel_CO2= sink_fuel.Xi_in[6]; // carbon dioxyde
X_fuel_H2= sink_fuel.Xi_in[7]; // hydrogen

// Final quantities
X_out_N2 = source_exhaust.Xi_out[1];
Expand All @@ -112,7 +114,7 @@ equation
// Chemical balance
// Quantity of reactants in fuel
X_fuel_C = m_C*(X_fuel_CH4/m_CH4 + 2*X_fuel_C2H6/m_C2H6 + 3*X_fuel_C3H8/m_C3H8 + 4*X_fuel_C4H10_n_butane/m_C4H10 + X_fuel_CO2/m_CO2);
X_fuel_H = m_H*(4*X_fuel_CH4/m_CH4 + 6*X_fuel_C2H6/m_C2H6 + 8*X_fuel_C3H8/m_C3H8 + 10*X_fuel_C4H10_n_butane/m_C4H10);
X_fuel_H = m_H*(2*X_fuel_H2/m_H2 + 4*X_fuel_CH4/m_CH4 + 6*X_fuel_C2H6/m_C2H6 + 8*X_fuel_C3H8/m_C3H8 + 10*X_fuel_C4H10_n_butane/m_C4H10);
X_fuel_O = 2*m_O*X_fuel_CO2/m_CO2;

// Mass balance for all species
Expand All @@ -131,11 +133,6 @@ equation
preserveAspectRatio=false,
extent={{-100,-100},{100,100}},
grid={2,2})),
Window(
x=0.03,
y=0.02,
width=0.95,
height=0.95),
Icon(coordinateSystem(
preserveAspectRatio=false,
extent={{-100,-100},{100,100}},
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6 changes: 4 additions & 2 deletions MetroscopeModelingLibrary/Tests/Multifluid/Machines/CombustionChamber.mo
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Expand Up @@ -33,14 +33,16 @@ equation
source_air.Xi_out = {0.768,0.232,0.0,0.0,0.0};

source_fuel.P_out = P_fuel;
source_fuel.h_out = h_fuel;
source_fuel.T_out = 160 + 273.15;
source_fuel.Q_out = - Q_fuel;
source_fuel.X_molar_CH4=0.92;

source_fuel.X_molar_CH4=0.82;
source_fuel.X_molar_C2H6=0.048;
source_fuel.X_molar_C3H8=0.005;
source_fuel.X_molar_C4H10_n_butane=0.002;
source_fuel.X_molar_N2=0.015;
source_fuel.X_molar_CO2=0.01;
source_fuel.X_molar_H2=0.1;

// Parameters
combustion_chamber.Kfr = combustion_chamber_Kfr;
Expand Down
22 changes: 22 additions & 0 deletions MetroscopeModelingLibrary/Utilities/Constants/package.mo
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Expand Up @@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ package Constants "Stores all constants used in MML"

// Atomic/Molecular masses
final constant Units.AtomicMass m_H = 1.00798;
final constant Units.AtomicMass m_H2 = m_H*2;
final constant Units.AtomicMass m_C = 12.0106;
final constant Units.AtomicMass m_O = 15.9994;
final constant Units.MolecularMass m_CH4 = m_C + m_H*4;
Expand All @@ -60,6 +61,27 @@ package Constants "Stores all constants used in MML"
// n-Butane C4H10
final constant Real hhv_molar_C4H10 = 2879.63 "kJ/mol";
final constant Real hhv_mass_C4H10 = hhv_molar_C4H10/m_C4H10 "MJ/kg";
// Hydrogen H2
final constant Real hhv_molar_H2 = 286.13 "kJ/mol";
final constant Real hhv_mass_H2 = hhv_molar_H2/m_H2 "MJ/kg";


// Heating values: based on ISO 6976 at 25°C
// Methane CH4
final constant Real lhv_molar_CH4 = 802.69 "kJ/mol";
final constant Real lhv_mass_CH4 = lhv_molar_CH4/m_CH4 "MJ/kg";
// Ethane C2H6
final constant Real lhv_molar_C2H6 = 1428.83 "kJ/mol";
final constant Real lhv_mass_C2H6 = lhv_molar_C2H6/m_C2H6 "MJ/kg";
// Propane C3H8
final constant Real lhv_molar_C3H8 = 2043.35 "kJ/mol";
final constant Real lhv_mass_C3H8 = lhv_molar_C3H8/m_C3H8 "MJ/kg";
// n-Butane C4H10
final constant Real lhv_molar_C4H10 = 2657.58 "kJ/mol";
final constant Real lhv_mass_C4H10 = lhv_molar_C4H10/m_C4H10 "MJ/kg";
// Hydrogen H2
final constant Real lhv_molar_H2 = 241.72 "kJ/mol";
final constant Real lhv_mass_H2 = lhv_molar_H2/m_H2 "MJ/kg";

annotation (
Icon(coordinateSystem(extent={{-100.0,-100.0},{100.0,100.0}}), graphics={
Expand Down
13 changes: 13 additions & 0 deletions MetroscopeModelingLibrary/Utilities/Constants/package.order
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Expand Up @@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ kgs_to_lbs
kgs_to_Mlbh
kgs_to_lbh
m_H
m_H2
m_C
m_O
m_CH4
Expand All @@ -37,3 +38,15 @@ hhv_molar_C3H8
hhv_mass_C3H8
hhv_molar_C4H10
hhv_mass_C4H10
hhv_molar_H2
hhv_mass_H2
lhv_molar_CH4
lhv_mass_CH4
lhv_molar_C2H6
lhv_mass_C2H6
lhv_molar_C3H8
lhv_mass_C3H8
lhv_molar_C4H10
lhv_mass_C4H10
lhv_molar_H2
lhv_mass_H2
10 changes: 6 additions & 4 deletions MetroscopeModelingLibrary/Utilities/Media/FuelMedium/package.mo
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Expand Up @@ -7,15 +7,17 @@ package FuelMedium
Modelica.Media.IdealGases.Common.SingleGasesData.C3H8,
Modelica.Media.IdealGases.Common.SingleGasesData.C4H10_n_butane,
Modelica.Media.IdealGases.Common.SingleGasesData.N2,
Modelica.Media.IdealGases.Common.SingleGasesData.CO2},
Modelica.Media.IdealGases.Common.SingleGasesData.CO2,
Modelica.Media.IdealGases.Common.SingleGasesData.H2},
fluidConstants={Modelica.Media.IdealGases.Common.FluidData.CH4,
Modelica.Media.IdealGases.Common.FluidData.C2H6,
Modelica.Media.IdealGases.Common.FluidData.C3H8,
Modelica.Media.IdealGases.Common.FluidData.C4H10_n_butane,
Modelica.Media.IdealGases.Common.FluidData.N2,
Modelica.Media.IdealGases.Common.FluidData.CO2},
substanceNames = {"Methane","Ethane","Propane","N-Butane,","Nitrogen","Carbondioxide"},
reference_X={0.92,0.048,0.005,0.002,0.015,0.01}) annotation(IconMap(primitivesVisible=false));
Modelica.Media.IdealGases.Common.FluidData.CO2,
Modelica.Media.IdealGases.Common.FluidData.H2},
substanceNames = {"Methane","Ethane","Propane","N-Butane,","Nitrogen","Carbondioxide","Hydrogen"},
reference_X={0.92,0.048,0.005,0.002,0.015,0.01,0.0}) annotation(IconMap(primitivesVisible=false));

annotation (Icon(graphics={
Rectangle(
Expand Down